Hepatomegaly

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Hepatomegaly
Computerized tomography of affected person with hepatomegaly
SpecialtyHepatology Edit this on Wikidata
SymptomsWeight loss, lethargy[1]
CausesLiver abscess (pyogenic abscess), Malaria[1]
Diagnostic methodAbdominal ultrasonography[2]
TreatmentPrednisone and azathioprine[3]

Hepatomegaly is enlargement of the

hepatic tumours, and metabolic disorder. Often, hepatomegaly presents as an abdominal mass. Depending on the cause, it may sometimes present along with jaundice.[1]

Signs and symptoms

The patient may experience many symptoms, including weight loss,

poor appetite, and lethargy; jaundice and bruising may also be present.[1]

Causes

Leptospirosis

Among the causes of hepatomegaly are the following:

Infective

Neoplastic

Biliary

Metabolic

Drugs (including alcohol)

Congenital

Others

Mechanism

The mechanism of hepatomegaly consists of

hemochromatosis or hemosiderosis and fat in fatty liver disease).[15]

Diagnosis

midclavicular line, with some standard measurements.[2]
midclavicular line at ages 0 to 7.[16]

Suspicion of hepatomegaly indicates a thorough medical history and physical examination, wherein the latter typically includes an increased liver span. [citation needed]

On

axial plane, the caudate lobe should normally have a cross-section of less than 0.55 of the rest of the liver.[2]

Other

midclavicular line.[17][18]

Workup

liver-function tests, which give a good impression of the patient's broad metabolic picture.[medical citation needed
]

A complete blood test can help distinguish intrinsic liver disease from extrahepatic bile-duct obstruction.[19] An ultrasound of the liver can reliably detect a dilated biliary-duct system,[20] it can also detect the characteristics of a

cirrhotic liver.[21]

Computerized tomography (CT) can give accurate anatomical information for a complete diagnosis.[22]

Treatment

Prednisone

Treatment of hepatomegaly varies with the cause, so accurate diagnosis is the first concern. In auto-immune liver disease, prednisone and azathioprine may be used for treatment.[3]

In lymphoma the treatment options include single-agent (or multi-agent) chemotherapy and regional radiotherapy, and surgery is an option in specific situations. Meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine is used in some cases.[23]

In primary biliary cirrhosis, ursodeoxycholic acid helps the bloodstream remove bile, which may increase survival.[24]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Hepatomegaly. Read about Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Christoph F. Dietrich, Carla Serra, Maciej Jedrzejczyk (2010-07-28). "Ultrasound of the liver - EFSUMB – European Course Book" (PDF). European federation of societies for ultrasound in medicine and biology (EFSUMB). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12. Retrieved 2017-12-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b "Cirrhosis: Practice Essentials, Overview, Epidemiology". 2018-10-31. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Hepatomegaly: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
  5. ISBN 9783540671367
    .
  6. ^ Prevention, CDC - Centers for Disease Control and. "CDC - Echinococcosis - Resources for Health Professionals". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  7. ^ "Leptospirosis (Weil's Disease) | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  8. ISBN 9789400773356
    .
  9. ^ "Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  10. PMID 29527255
    .
  11. ^ "Hunter's Syndrome. MPS II information; symptoms | Patient". Patient. 20 August 2014. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  12. ^ "OMIM Entry - # 214100 - PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS DISORDER 1A (ZELLWEGER); PBD1A". www.omim.org. Archived from the original on 2015-02-14. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  13. ^ "CPT I deficiency". Genetics Home Reference. 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  14. ^ "Sarcoidosis | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  15. ISBN 9780729540759
    .
  16. ISSN 0100-3984
    .
  17. S2CID 22827636
    .
  18. S2CID 29904060
    .
  19. ISBN 9780323322850
    .
  20. PMID 20603412
    .
  21. ISBN 9781461490050
    .
  22. ISBN 9781455758395
    .
  23. ^ "Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  24. ^ "Primary biliary cirrhosis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-03-12.

Further reading

External links
Scholia has a topic profile for Hepatomegaly.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hepatomegaly&oldid=1189301094"