Hereford, Texas
Hereford | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 48-33320 [3] | | |
GNIS feature ID | 2410747[2] | |
Website | www |
Hereford (
The area is known for its
Hereford's local water supply contains an unusually high level of naturally occurring fluoride. Because fluoride is used to protect against tooth decay, Hereford earned the title "The Town Without a Toothache".
It is also known as the "Beef Capital of the World" because of the large number of cattle
Hereford is also home to the headquarters of the Deaf Smith Electric Cooperative, which serves Deaf Smith, Castro, Parmer, and Oldham Counties.[6]
History
Hereford was founded as "Blue Water" in 1899 after the Pecos and Northern Texas Railway connected Amarillo to Farwell. After a town already named Blue Water was discovered, residents renamed the town "Hereford" in honor of the cattle of the local ranchers and the city, Hereford, in the United Kingdom.[7]
During World War II, a prisoner-of-war camp existed there for Italian prisoners of war. It was dismantled in 1947.[citation needed]
In 1975, popular high school teacher Wayne Woodward was fired for his efforts to establish a local branch of the American Civil Liberties Union. Mr. Woodward won a subsequent legal suit, that gained national attention, against the Hereford Independent School District. The events were documented in the 2022 book You Will Never Be One of Us by Timothy P. Bowman.[8][9][10]
A rich Western heritage includes the Las Escarbadas ranch house of the XIT Ranch, once located southwest of Hereford. The restored historic structure can now be seen at the National Ranching Heritage Center at Texas Tech University in Lubbock. The Deaf Smith County Historical Museum at 400 Sampson Street in Hereford offers indoor and outdoor exhibits on the settlement of West Texas.
Hereford was once known as the "Windmill City"[11] due to its many windmills supplying fresh water from the Ogallala Aquifer.
Geography
Hereford is located in southeastern Deaf Smith County and on the Llano Estacado. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.9 square miles (15.4 km2), all land.[12]
U.S. Highway 60 passes through the city as 1st Street, leading northeast 48 miles (77 km) to Amarillo and southwest 57 miles (92 km) to Clovis, New Mexico. U.S. Highway 385 (25 Mile Avenue) runs north–south through the city, leading north 30 miles (48 km) to Interstate 40 at Vega and south 20 miles (32 km) to Dimmitt.
Climate
Hereford's climate is classified as a
Climate data for Hereford, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1905–1912, 1936–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 84 (29) |
85 (29) |
98 (37) |
99 (37) |
103 (39) |
111 (44) |
109 (43) |
107 (42) |
102 (39) |
97 (36) |
87 (31) |
80 (27) |
111 (44) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 71.0 (21.7) |
76.2 (24.6) |
84.3 (29.1) |
89.5 (31.9) |
96.0 (35.6) |
102.1 (38.9) |
101.4 (38.6) |
99.2 (37.3) |
95.8 (35.4) |
89.3 (31.8) |
79.7 (26.5) |
71.4 (21.9) |
104.1 (40.1) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 51.1 (10.6) |
55.5 (13.1) |
64.3 (17.9) |
72.4 (22.4) |
81.1 (27.3) |
90.2 (32.3) |
92.4 (33.6) |
90.7 (32.6) |
83.5 (28.6) |
72.6 (22.6) |
60.3 (15.7) |
51.1 (10.6) |
72.1 (22.3) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 36.8 (2.7) |
40.4 (4.7) |
48.3 (9.1) |
56.1 (13.4) |
65.7 (18.7) |
75.4 (24.1) |
78.6 (25.9) |
77.1 (25.1) |
69.7 (20.9) |
57.9 (14.4) |
45.8 (7.7) |
37.4 (3.0) |
57.4 (14.1) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 22.5 (−5.3) |
25.3 (−3.7) |
32.4 (0.2) |
39.7 (4.3) |
50.3 (10.2) |
60.6 (15.9) |
64.8 (18.2) |
63.5 (17.5) |
55.8 (13.2) |
43.3 (6.3) |
31.3 (−0.4) |
23.8 (−4.6) |
42.8 (6.0) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 9.3 (−12.6) |
11.1 (−11.6) |
18.4 (−7.6) |
26.5 (−3.1) |
36.9 (2.7) |
51.4 (10.8) |
59.0 (15.0) |
56.9 (13.8) |
43.7 (6.5) |
28.2 (−2.1) |
16.6 (−8.6) |
8.9 (−12.8) |
4.2 (−15.4) |
Record low °F (°C) | −15 (−26) |
−17 (−27) |
1 (−17) |
14 (−10) |
16 (−9) |
40 (4) |
51 (11) |
44 (7) |
31 (−1) |
15 (−9) |
0 (−18) |
−12 (−24) |
−17 (−27) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.64 (16) |
0.45 (11) |
1.22 (31) |
1.09 (28) |
2.09 (53) |
3.34 (85) |
2.34 (59) |
3.04 (77) |
1.86 (47) |
1.85 (47) |
0.69 (18) |
0.72 (18) |
19.33 (491) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 3.2 (8.1) |
1.7 (4.3) |
1.9 (4.8) |
0.7 (1.8) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.6 (1.5) |
2.5 (6.4) |
3.6 (9.1) |
14.3 (36) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 2.8 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 6.9 | 8.3 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 62.5 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 7.2 |
Source: NOAA[15][16] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 532 | — | |
1910 | 1,750 | 228.9% | |
1920 | 1,696 | −3.1% | |
1930 | 2,458 | 44.9% | |
1940 | 2,584 | 5.1% | |
1950 | 5,207 | 101.5% | |
1960 | 6,752 | 29.7% | |
1970 | 13,414 | 98.7% | |
1980 | 15,853 | 18.2% | |
1990 | 14,745 | −7.0% | |
2000 | 14,597 | −1.0% | |
2010 | 15,370 | 5.3% | |
2020 | 14,972 | −2.6% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[17] |
2020 census
Race | Number | Percentage |
---|---|---|
White (NH)
|
2,757 | 18.41% |
Black or African American (NH)
|
98 | 0.65% |
Alaska Native (NH)
|
39 | 0.26% |
Asian (NH) | 32 | 0.21% |
Some Other Race (NH) | 39 | 0.26% |
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 129 | 0.86% |
Hispanic or Latino | 11,878 | 79.33% |
Total | 14,972 |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 14,972 people, 4,776 households, and 3,593 families residing in the city.
2010 census
As of the
2000 census
As of the
Of the 4,839 households, 42.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.4% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were not families. About 20.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.44.
In the city, the population was distributed as 34.0% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $29,599, and for a family was $33,387. Males had a median income of $26,488 versus $18,920 for females. The
In December 2015, the
Education
The first public school was opened in 1900.[22] Today, Hereford's seven public schools serve around 4,000 students and are directed by the Hereford Independent School District.[23]
Notable people
- Parker Bridwell, pitcher for MLB's New York Yankees, was born in Hereford.
- Ron Ely, actor, best remembered for his role as Tarzan on an NBC television series in the 1960s, was born in Hereford in 1938
- natural law theory, was born in Hereford
- Rip Hawk, professional wrestler, lived in Hereford, after retiring from wrestling.
- Edgar Mitchell (1930–2016), who on Apollo 14 in 1971 became the sixth astronaut to walk on the Moon, was born in Hereford.
- Skeeter Skelton, lawman and firearms writer
Gallery
-
Downtown Hereford, with the grain elevator to the rear
-
Hereford City Hall
-
First Bank Southwest in Hereford
-
St. Anthony'sRoman Catholic Church in Hereford is located off U.S. Highway 385.
-
Swimming in Hereford
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Hereford train depot
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Hereford Brand newspaper office
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The former Mills Ranch Western Store, once a fixture of downtown Hereford
References
- ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Hereford, Texas
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ Spotlight on CRC Member: Deaf Smith Electric Cooperative.[permanent dead link] Cooperative Response Center.
- ^ "Hereford, TX".
- ^ Bynum, Katherine; Woodward, Wayne (June 9, 2016). "Oral History Interview with Wayne Woodward, June 9, 2016". texashistory.unt.edu. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
- ^ "Woodward v. Hereford Independent Sch. Dist., 421 F. Supp. 93 (N.D. Tex. 1976)". Justia Law. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
- OCLC 1334105884.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ Hereford Economic Development Corporation (August 20, 2020). ""The Windmill City"". Hereford, Texas.
- ^ "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Hereford city, Texas". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 7, 2016.
- . Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ "These Are the 10 Best Places to Live in Texas".
- ^ "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
- ^ "Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
- ^ https://www.census.gov/ [not specific enough to verify]
- ^ "About the Hispanic Population and its Origin". www.census.gov. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
- The Connecticut Post. Bridgeport, Connecticut. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
- ^ The Handbook of Texas Online, retrieved 2009-12-30
- ^ Hereford ISD, retrieved 2009-12-30