Hermann Neubacher

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Hermann Neubacher (1943)

Hermann Neubacher (24 June 1893 – 1 July 1960) was an

Montenegro
).

Austrian activism

Born in

Engelbert Dollfuß and Arthur Seyss-Inquart.[1]

Neubacher became a member of the Nazi Party in Austria because he felt it was the best way to bring about Anschluss, although he was more in tune with the Anton Reinthaller-led moderate faction than the extremists under Theodor Habicht.[2] After a spell as assistant to Josef Leopold he became Landesleiter of the Austrian Nazi party in 1935, attempting to restructure the banned group. His tenure came to an end the same year when he was imprisoned in June for distributing illegal material. Upon his release under the Juliabkommen, Neubacher dropped out of politics to take up a role with IG Farben.[2]

Under the Nazis he was chosen to serve as

Mayor of Vienna, although he soon incurred disfavor for his habit of working with former Social Democrats and his lax attitude towards the Jews and before long he was downgraded to the role of general representative of Josef Bürckel.[2]

Greece

See also:
Axis Occupation of Greece

When war broke out Neubacher took on the role of a special plenipotentiary envoy in the Balkans and Greece, initially serving as an economic adviser in Romania before taking on the role of ambassador to the same country and afterwards Greece as well.[2] In Greece he was joined by Italian Alberto D'Agostino, with the two men given full authority over economic and financial matters after discussions between the Greek government and the occupiers aimed at reducing occupation costs.[3] Neubacher was the general manager of DEGRIGES, a German monopoly company for trade in Greece.

During the final days of the occupation of Greece the more moderate Neubacher became embroiled in a struggle with

Greek People's Liberation Army their British ties would not help them in establishing control. In the end Neubacher's line was approved and Blume was withdrawn, a move that ultimately left in place a strong anti-communist right wing governing class in post-liberation Greece.[5]

Yugoslavia

In 1943 he devised the Neubacher Plan as a means to improve German occupation in the Balkans. In a wide-ranging raft of reforms Neubacher suggested five main ideas to Joachim von Ribbentrop. These were:

  1. The re-unification of
    Serbia in a federal
    type of state.
  2. Installing General Milan Nedić as President of the resulting Greater Serbia.
  3. Autonomy in Montenegro.
  4. The re-opening of the University of Belgrade and an end to German supervision of cultural life.
  5. Reduction in German military presence and the establishment of a gendarmerie controlled by the new government.[6]

Ultimately only point 4 of his proposals was approved, although he did succeed in ending German military reprisals and in combating to an extent the Ustaše genocide against Serbs.[7]

Later life

After the war Neubacher faced trial in the

Haile Selasie
. He died in Vienna, aged 67.

References

  1. ^ a b c Philip Rees, Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890, p. 278
  2. ^ a b c d e Rees, Biographical Dictionary, p. 279
  3. ^ Davide Rodogno, Fascism's European Empire: Italian Occupation During the Second World War, Cambridge University Press (2006), p. 235
  4. ^ Mazower, Mark: Inside Hitler's Greece: The Experience of Occupation, 1941-44, Yale University Press (1995), pp. 232-234
  5. ^ István Deák, Jan Tomasz Gross and Tony Judt, The Politics of Retribution in Europe: World War II and Its Aftermath, Princeton University Press (2000), p. 213
  6. ^ Sabrina P. Ramet, The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918-2005, p. 134
  7. ^ Ramet, The Three Yugoslavias, pp. 134-135

External links

Media related to Hermann Neubacher at Wikimedia Commons

Political offices
Preceded by Mayor of Vienna
1938–1940 		Succeeded by
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