High-mobility group
High-Mobility Group or HMG is a group of
Families
The HMG proteins are subdivided into 3 superfamilies each containing a characteristic functional domain:
- HMGA – contains an AT-hook domain
- HMGB – contains a HMG-box domain
- HMGN – contains a nucleosomal binding domain
Proteins containing any of these embedded in their sequence are known as HMG motif proteins.
They were originally isolated from
Other families with HMG-box domain
- SOX gene family
- TCF/LEF family (T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor family)
- LEF1 (Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1)
- TCF7 (TCF-1)
- TCF7L1 (TCF-3)
- TCF7L2 (TCF-4)
Function
HMG proteins are thought to play a significant role in various human disorders. Disruptions and rearrangements in the genes coding for some of the HMG proteins are associated with some common benign tumors.
In mammalian cells, the HMG non-histone proteins can modulate the activity of major DNA repair pathways including base excision repair, mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair and double-strand break repair.[6]
See also
- Gene regulatory network
- HMG-box
- Transcription factors
References
- ^ Rajeswari MR, Jain A (2002). "High-mobility-group chromosomal proteins, HMGA1 as potential tumour markers" (PDF). Current Science. 82 (7): 838–844.
- ISBN 978-0-12-386050-7.
- PMID 16935945.
- PMID 25063301.
- PMID 28303166.
- ^ Reeves R. High mobility group (HMG) proteins: Modulators of chromatin structure and DNA repair in mammalian cells. DNA Repair (Amst). 2015 Dec;36:122-136. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.09.015. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PMID: 26411874
External links
- HMG nomenclature home page
- High+Mobility+Group+Proteins at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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