Hirschsprung Collection

The Hirschsprung Collection

Den Hirschsprungske Samling
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Established	1911
Location	Copenhagen, Denmark
Coordinates	55°41′23.64″N 12°34′38.89″E / 55.6899000°N 12.5774694°E / 55.6899000; 12.5774694
Type	Art museum
Website	www.hirschsprung.dk

The Hirschsprung Collection (

The museum is built around the personal art collection of Heinrich Hirschsprung, a tobacco manufacturer and patron of the arts who founded his art collection in 1865. Almost four decades later, in 1902, he donated it to the Danish state. It is displayed in a purpose-built Neoclassical museum building designed by Hermann Baagøe Storck and completed in 1911.

History

The collection

Heinrich Hirschsprung was a tobacco manufacturer at A.M. Hirschsprung & Sønner. He was married to Pauline Hirschsprung, and the couple took a profound interest in the arts and counted many prominent artists of their day among their close friends, including the writer Holger Drachmann and the painter Peder Severin Krøyer, both associated with the Skagen colony. Over a period of four decades, beginning in 1866, Hirschsprung built an extensive collection of Danish art from the beginning of the 18th century and up to their own day.

The collection was shown to the public for the first time in 1888 at Charlottenborg. This happened in connection with the Nordic exhibition of Industry, Agriculture, and Art which was expected to draw many foreign visitors to Copenhagen. The exhibition catalogue included 313 items, representing some 60 Danish artists. About half were paintings while the rest were drawings, watercolours, pastels and some sculptures.^[1]

Planning of the museum

In 1900, Pauline and Heinrich Hirschsprung decided to donate their art collection to the Danish state. They had a deed of gift drawn up, which was deposited with the

Under the terms of the deed of gift, the Danish state and the City of Copenhagen, on their side, were required to make a site and a building available for its exhibition. This scheme was similar to the one which had been agreed upon in connection with Carl Jacobsen's foundation of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Still Hirschsprung's demand for an independent building gave rise to a political debate on arts politics which went on for several years and put the plans on hold.

While discussions were going on, Hirschsprung continued to build the collection with acquisitions such as Joakim Skovgaard's cartoons for the decoration of Viborg Cathedral and a number of works by contemporary artists such as Michael and Anna Ancher and Vilhelm Hammershøi from the art collector Alfred Bramsen's Collection. A number of private individuals also promised to donate works to the collection once it passed into public ownership while others were purchased by Hirschsprung conditional on the same event.^[3]

To make the collection into a representative display of 19th-century Danish art, Hirschsprung also started to add sculptures to his holdings, using the sculptor and family friend Ludvig Brandstrup as an adviser. In less than a year, Hirschsprung managed to collect the great majority of the 180 sculptures included in the 1902 catalogue. The collection represents 20 Danish sculptors.^[3]

Construction and opening

1907 finally saw a successful conclusion to negotiations and a start could be made on building Storck's project from 1902. The site which was ultimately chosen was in

The Hirschsprung Collection opened to the public in 1911. Pauline Hirschsprung was present at the official opening on 8 July, but died the following year.[5]

Building

The museum building is a simple neoclassical building with a light marble cladding and a facade with pediments and Doric pilasters. The floor plan consists of four large toplit galleries surrounded by smaller galleries, "alcoves", with light entering from windows set high in the walls.

While the building from the outside has the appearance of a temple of art, the interior, with its small rooms, has the intimacy of a private home.

The entrance hall to the museum has a floor mosaic from 1910 by Joakim Skovgaard in which stylised tobacco plants commemorate the founder of the museum.

Collections

Danish Golden Age

The museum exhibits more than 700 works of art. The emphasis is on the Golden Age of Danish Painting. All the major painters of the period are represented, including C. W. Eckersberg, Christen Købke, Constantin Hansen, Wilhelm Marstrand and Martinus Rørbye, as well as many lesser known names.

• 
  Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg, Woman Standing in Front of a Mirror, 1841
• 
  Dankvart Dreyer, Road across Hills, c. 1842

Modern Breakthrough

The artistic generation in the late 19th century, also known as the Modern Breakthrough in Danish painting, who broke away from both the strictures of traditional Academicism and the heritage of the Golden Age of Danish Painting, is also well represented. This includes:

• Skagen Painters such as P. S. Krøyer and Michael and Anna Ancher
• Theodor Philipsen, Denmark's foremost representative of Impressionism
• Symbolisterne, The Danish Symbolist movement
• Fynboerne, natives of Funen, a group of artists from Funen who met at Kristian Zahrtmann
  's independent art school in the 1880s.

• 
  Anna Ancher, Girl in the Kitchen 1886
• 
  Summer Evening at Skagen Beach. The Artist and his Wife, P. S. Krøyer, 1899.

Provenance furniture

The smaller galleries of the museum are furnished with furniture designed by the Golden Age artists and other provenance furniture associated with them. This was done at the initiative of Emil Hannover, the museum's first director, when he was put in charge of interior design prior to its opening.^[4]

Surroundings

There is a rectangular, cobbled space in front of the museum. On its left hand side, stands

Panorama

References

External links

• Official website
• Virtual tour of the Hirschsprung Collection provided by Google Arts & Culture
• Media related to Den Hirschsprungske Samling at Wikimedia Commons