Hispanic America
The region known as Hispanic America (
Hispanic America is sometimes grouped together with Brazil under the term "Ibero-America", meaning those countries in the Americas with cultural roots in the Iberian Peninsula.[a] Hispanic America also contrasts with Latin America, which includes not only Hispanic America, but also Brazil (the former Portuguese America) and the former French colonies in the Western Hemisphere (areas that are now in either the United States or Canada are usually excluded).[5]
History
The
The
Demographics
Countries
Country | Population[7] | Area (km2) | GDP (nominal [USD, billions])[8] | GDP (nominal) per capita | GDP (PPP) | GDP (PPP) per capita |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina | 45,376,763 | 2,780,400 | 418.15 | 9,121.56 | 1,015.01 | 22,141.44 |
Bolivia | 11,673,029 | 1,098,581 | 43.11 | 3,624.15 | 105.06 | 8,832.32 |
Chile | 19,116,209 | 756,950 | 307.94 | 15,617.13 | 491.53 | 24,928.25 |
Colombia | 50,882,884 | 1,141,748 | 295.61 | 5,752.67 | 780.26 | 15,184.18 |
Costa Rica | 5,094,114 | 51,000 | 61.18 | 11,805.84 | 107.09 | 20,666.67 |
Cuba | 11,326,616 | 110,861 | 93.79[9] | 8,270.00 | 134.80 | 12,300.00 |
Dominican Republic | 10,847,904 | 48,730 | 83.92 | 7,951.35 | 208.96 | 19,799.14 |
Ecuador | 17,643,060 | 256,370 | 100.59 | 5,665.18 | 201.19 | 11,330.60 |
El Salvador | 6,486,201 | 21,040 | 26.28 | 4,031.27 | 57.95 | 8,890.78 |
Guatemala | 16,858,333 | 108,890 | 81.40 | 4,439.46 | 158.57 | 8,648.04 |
Honduras | 9,904,608 | 112,492 | 26.16 | 2,585.97 | 57.65 | 5,698.47 |
Mexico | 128,932,753 | 1,972,550 | 1,192.48 | 9,246.01 | 2,613.80 | 20,266.32 |
Nicaragua | 6,624,554 | 129,494 | 12.28 | 1,876.90 | 36.96 | 5,648.20 |
Panama | 4,314,768 | 75,571 | 59.38 | 13,689.51 | 131.81 | 30,388.36 |
Paraguay | 7,132,530 | 406,752 | 37.84 | 5,145.63 | 98.93 | 13,454.20 |
Peru | 32,971,846 | 1,285,220 | 225.92 | 6,678.27 | 439.26 | 12,984.88 |
Puerto Rico[sn 1] | 3,194,034 | 9,104 | 100.68 | 32,232.71 | 112.27 | 35,942.78 |
Uruguay | 3,473,727 | 176,215 | 55.46 | 15,653.11 | 83.17 | 23,474.28 |
Venezuela | 28,435,943 | 916,445 | 42.53 | 1,541.70 | 144.74 | 5,178.27 |
Total | 420,289,876 | 11,458,413 | 3,264.70 | 7,767.73 | 6,979.01 | 16,605.23 |
- ^ Note: Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States.
Largest cities
- ^ Note: Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States.
Ethnology
The population of the Hispanic America is made up of the descendants of three large racial groups and their combinations:
• The
• Those of European ancestry, mainly Spanish, and Italian.
• Africans who were brought over to Hispanic America during the
Unlike in the United States, there were no anti-miscegenation policies in
Frank Moya Pons, a Dominican historian documented that Spanish colonists intermarried with Taíno women, and, over time, these mestizo descendants intermarried with Africans, creating a tri-racial Creole culture. 1514 census records reveal that 40% of Spanish men in the colony of Santo Domingo had Taíno wives.[16]
The most common combinations are:
•
Country | Population[18][19] | Mestizos | Whites | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina | 45,376,763 | 30.0% | 65.0% | 5.0% |
Bolivia | 11,673,029 | 50.0% | 1.0% | 49.0% |
Chile | 19,116,209 | 35.0% | 60.0% | 5.0% |
Colombia | 50,882,884 | 51.0% | 35.0% | 14.0% |
Costa Rica | 5,094,114 | 50.0% | 45.0% | 5.0% |
Cuba | 11,326,616 | 25.0% | 55.0% | 15.0% |
Dominican Republic | 10,847,904 | 65.0% | 24.0% | 11.0% |
Ecuador | 17,643,060 | 76.0% | 8.0% | 16.0% |
El Salvador | 6,486,201 | 86.0% | 13.0% | 1.0% |
Guatemala | 16,858,333 | 60.0% | 1.0% | 39.0% |
Honduras | 9,904,608 | 90.0% | 2.0% | 8.0% |
Mexico | 128,932,753 | 51.0% | 40.0% | 9.0% |
Nicaragua | 6,624,554 | 70.0% | 16.0% | 14.0% |
Panama | 4,314,768 | 69.0% | 17.0% | 14.0% |
Paraguay | 7,132,530 | 94.0% | 5.0% | 1.0% |
Peru | 32,971,846 | 51.0% | 3.0% | 46.0% |
Uruguay | 3,473,727 | 15.0% | 70.0% | 15.0% |
Venezuela | 28,435,943 | 53.0% | 32.0% | 15.0% |
Total | 420,289,876 | 50.0% | 33.0% | 17.0% |
Languages
Spanish is the official language in most Hispanic American countries, and it is spoken by the vast majority of the population.
In
Other European languages spoken in Hispanic America include: English, by some groups in Puerto Rico and descendants of British settlers in Argentina and Chile; German, in southern Chile and portions of Argentina, Venezuela, and Paraguay; Italian, in Argentina, Venezuela, and Uruguay; Ukrainian, Polish, and Russian in Argentina; and Welsh, in southern Argentina.[20][21][22][23][24][25]
In several nations, especially in the Caribbean region,
The
Culture
Cuisine
Mexican cuisine is considered intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO and can be found all over the United States.
In the United States, with its growing Hispanic population, food staples from
The cuisine of Spain has many regional varieties, with
Cuban, Dominican, and Puerto Rican cuisines, on the other hand, tend to use a lot of
The
Uruguayan cuisine is similar to that of Argentina, though seafood is much more dominant in this coastal nation. As another one of the world's largest producers, wine is as much a staple drink to Uruguayans as beer is to Germans.
In Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Chile, potato dishes are typical since the potato is originally from this region. Beef and chicken are common sources of meat. In the Highlands is the cuy, a South American name for guinea pig, a common meat. Given the coastal location, both countries have extensive fishing fleets, which provide a wealth of seafood options, including the signature South American dish, ceviche. While potato is an important ingredient in the Highlands, Rice is the main side dish on the coast.
This diversity in staples and cuisine is also evident in the differing regional cuisines within the national borders of the individual countries.
Symbols
Flag
While relatively unknown, there is a flag representing the countries of Spanish America, its people, history and shared cultural legacy.
It was created in October 1933 by Ángel Camblor,
The white background stands for peace, the
Religion
The Spanish and the Portuguese took the
Countries | Population Total | Christians % | Christian Population | Unaffiliated % | Unaffiliated Population | Other religions % | Other religions Population | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina | 43,830,000 | 85.4% | 37,420,000 | 12.1% | 5,320,000 | 2.5% | 1,090,000 | [33] |
Bolivia | 11,830,000 | 94.0% | 11,120,000 | 4.1% | 480,000 | 1.9% | 230,000 | [33] |
Chile | 18,540,000 | 88.3% | 16,380,000 | 9.7% | 1,800,000 | 2.0% | 360,000 | [33] |
Colombia | 52,160,000 | 92.3% | 48,150,000 | 6.7% | 3,510,000 | 1.0% | 500,000 | [33] |
Costa Rica | 5,270,000 | 90.8% | 4,780,000 | 8.0% | 420,000 | 1.2% | 70,000 | [33] |
Cuba | 11,230,000 | 58.9% | 6,610,000 | 23.2% | 2,600,000 | 17.9% | 2,020,000 | [33] |
Dominican Republic | 11,280,000 | 88.0% | 9,930,000 | 10.9% | 1,230,000 | 1.1% | 120,000 | [33] |
Ecuador | 16,480,000 | 94.0% | 15,490,000 | 5.6% | 920,000 | 0.4% | 70,000 | [33] |
El Salvador | 6,670,000 | 88.0% | 5,870,000 | 11.2% | 740,000 | 0.8% | 60,000 | [33] |
Guatemala | 18,210,000 | 95.3% | 17,360,000 | 3.9% | 720,000 | 0.8% | 130,000 | [33] |
Honduras | 9,090,000 | 87.5% | 7,950,000 | 10.5% | 950,000 | 2.0% | 190,000 | [33] |
Mexico | 126,010,000 | 94.1% | 118,570,000 | 5.7% | 7,240,000 | 0.2% | 200,000 | [33] |
Nicaragua | 6,690,000 | 85.3% | 5,710,000 | 13.0% | 870,000 | 1.7% | 110,000 | [33] |
Panama | 4,020,000 | 92.7% | 3,720,000 | 5.0% | 200,000 | 2.3% | 100,000 | [33] |
Paraguay | 7,630,000 | 96.9% | 7,390,000 | 1.1% | 90,000 | 2.0% | 150,000 | [33] |
Peru | 32,920,000 | 95.4% | 31,420,000 | 3.1% | 1,010,000 | 1.5% | 490,000 | [33] |
Puerto Rico[sn 1] | 3,790,000 | 90.5% | 3,660,000 | 7.3% | 80,000 | 2.2% | 40,000 | [33] |
Uruguay | 3,490,000 | 57.0% | 1,990,000 | 41.5% | 1,450,000 | 1.5% | 50,000 | [33] |
Venezuela | 33,010,000 | 89.5% | 29,540,000 | 9.7% | 3,220,000 | 0.8% | 250,000 | [33] |
- ^ Note: Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States.
See also
Notes
- ^ The adjective "Ibero-American" usually refers only to countries of the Western Hemisphere, but in the title of the Organization of Ibero-American States it refers to Iberian and (Ibero-)American countries, plus Equatorial Guinea.
References
- ISBN 978-0-471-79932-0
- ^ "Hispanic America" is used in some older works such as Charles Edward Chapman's 1933 Colonial Hispanic America: A History and 1937 Republican Hispanic America: A History (both New York: The Macmillan Co.); or translated titles that faithfully reproduce Hispanoamérica, such as Edmund Stephen Urbanski (1978), Hispanic America and its Civilization: Spanish Americans and Anglo-Americans, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. The Cambridge University Press textbook by two distinguished historians of early Latin America, James Lockhart and Stuart B. Schwartz is entitled, Early Latin America: A History of Colonial Spanish America and Brazil 1983.
- ^ "CIA – The World Factbook – Field Listing – Languages". Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
- ^ "CIA – The World Factbook – Field Listing – Religions". Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
- ^ "Latin America" The Free Online Dictionary (American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 2000, 4th ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2003.)
- ^ Christopher Conway, Nineteenth-Century Spanish America: A Cultural History (Vanderbilt University Press 2015).
- ^ a b "Population, total | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2017-07-11.
- ^ "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". IMF. Retrieved 2021-09-18.
- ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-07-11.
- ^ "Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2010 :: Welcome". censo2010.one.gob.do.
- ISBN 978-9945-8984-3-9. Archived from the originalon 14 July 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- S2CID 13708018.
- PMID 17573655. Retrieved 13 July 2008.
- PMID 10873790.
- ISBN 978-0-521-65275-9.
- ^ Ferbel, Dr. P. J. "Not Everyone Who Speaks Spanish is from Spain: Taíno Survival in the 21st Century Dominican Republic". Archived 29 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine Kacikie: Journal of Caribbean Amerindian History and Anthropology. . Retrieved 24 September 2009.
- ISSN 1405-1435. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2008-09-20.
- ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
- ^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
- ^ "Reference for Welsh language in southern Argentina, Welsh immigration to Patagonia". Bbc.co.uk. 2008-07-22. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ "The Welsh Immigration to Argentina". 1stclassargentina.com.
- ^ Jeremy Howat. "Reference for Welsh language in southern Argentina, Welsh immigration to Patagonia". Argbrit.org. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ "Reference for Welsh language in southern Argentina, Welsh immigration to Patagonia". Patagonline.com. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ "Reference for Welsh language in southern Argentina, Welsh immigration to Patagonia". Andesceltig.com. 2009-09-29. Archived from the original on 2017-09-17. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ "Reference for Welsh language in southern Argentina, Welsh immigration to Patagonia". Glaniad.com. Archived from the original on 2016-08-08. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ a b Raeside, Rob, ed. (1999-10-11). "Flag of the Race". Flags of the World. Retrieved 2006-12-23.
- ^ Image of the standard of the Crown of Castile
- ^ "Christians". December 18, 2012.
- ^ Wormald, Benjamin (November 13, 2014). "Religion in Latin America".
- OCLC 53919445.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050". www.pewforum.org. 2 April 2015. Archived from the original on 2019-12-21. Retrieved 2020-10-18.