Historiography of Scotland
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The historiography of Scotland refers to the sources, critical methods and interpretive models used by scholars to come to an understanding of the history of Scotland.
Middle Ages and Renaissance
Scottish
Reformation
The disputes of the
Enlightenment
The 18th century saw itself as the Age of Reason and in this climate of
Nineteenth century
In contrast to the Enlightenment, many historians of the early nineteenth century rehabilitated large areas of Scottish history as suitable for serious study.[2] Lawyer and antiquarian Cosmo Innes, who produced works on Scotland in the Middle Ages (1860), and Sketches of Early Scottish History (1861), has been likened to the pioneering history of Georg Heinrich Pertz, one of the first writers to collate the major historical accounts of German history.[3] Patrick Fraser Tytler's nine-volume history of Scotland (1828–43), particularity his sympathetic view of Mary, Queen of Scots, have led to comparisons with Leopold von Ranke, considered the father of modern scientific historical writing.[3] Tytler was co-founder with Scott of the Bannatyne Society in 1823, which helped further the course of historical research in Scotland.[4] Thomas M'Crie's (1797–1875) biographies of John Knox and Andrew Melville, figures generally savaged in the Enlightenment, helped rehabilitate their reputations.[5] W. F. Skene's (1809–92) three part study of Celtic Scotland (1886–91) was the first serious investigation of the region and helped spawn the Scottish Celtic Revival.[5] Issues of race became important, with Pinkerton, James Sibbald (1745–1803) and John Jamieson (1758–1839) subscribing to a theory of Picto-Gothicism, which postulated a Germanic origin for the Picts and the Scots language.[6]
Among the most significant intellectual figures associated with Romanticism was
Romantic writers often reacted against the
Twentieth century
In the 1960s, with the expansion of
Prominent historians
- John Bannerman
- G. W. S. Barrow – English historian and academic
- Steve Boardman – 20th-century Scottish medieval historian
- Hector Boece – Scottish philosopher and historian (1465–1536)
- George Buchanan – Scottish historian and humanist scholar (1506–1582)
- Gilbert Burnet – Scottish theologian and historian, and Bishop of Salisbury
- Tom Devine– Scottish historian
- John of Fordun – 14th century Scottish historian
- Colin Kidd – Scottish historian
- Michael Lynch – British historian
- Norman Macdougall – Scottish historian
- Rosalind Mitchison – British historian
- Richard Oram – Scottish historian
- Nigel Tranter – Scottish writer
- Christopher Whatley – Scottish historian
- Jenny Wormald – Scottish historian (1942–2015)
Historiographer Royal of Scotland
- James Fall, 1682
- William Robertson, 1763–1793
- John Gillies, 1793–1836
- George Brodie, 1836–1867
- John Hill Burton, 1867–1881
- William Forbes Skene, 1881–1893
- David Masson, 1893–1908
- Peter Hume Brown, 1908–1919
- Robert Rait, 1919–1930
- FRSE, 1930–1940
- OBE, 1958–1978
- CBE, 1979–1993
- CBE, born 1933
See also
References
- ^ T. M. Devine and J. Wormald, Introduction, in T. M. Devine and J. Wormald, The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History (2012), pp. 2–3.
- ^ Devine and Wormald, Introduction, in Devine and Wormald, The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History (2012), pp. 2–3.
- ^ ISBN 0199533091, p. 206.
- ISBN 3034303289, p. 195.
- ^ a b I. Brown, The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature: Enlightenment, Britain and Empire (1707–1918) (Edinburgh University Press, 2007), p. 9.
- ^ C. Kidd, Subverting Scotland's Past: Scottish Whig Historians and the Creation of an Anglo-British Identity 1689–1830 (Cambridge University Press, 2003), p. 251.
- ^ M. Cumming, The Carlyle Encyclopedia (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2004), pp. 200ff and 223.
- ISBN 0299123642, p. 132.
- ISBN 1438118562, pp. 7–9.
- ISBN 041501235X, p. 195.
- ISBN 0549497250, p. 101.
- ISBN 0520220617, pp. xxii–xxiii.
- ISBN 0300070233, pp. 33–4.
- ISBN 0192100548, p. 148.
- ISBN 1107001579, p. 265.
- ISBN 0521522234, p. 122.
Further reading
- Anderson, Robert. "The Development of History Teaching in the Scottish Universities, 1894-1939," Journal of Scottish Historical Studies (2012) 32#1, pp. 50–73.
- Anderson, Robert. "University History Teaching, National Identity and Unionism in Scotland, 1862-1914," Scottish Historical Review (2012) 91#1, pp. 1–41.
- Aspinwall, Bernard. "Catholic realities and pastoral strategies: another look at the historiography of Scottish Catholicism, 1878–1920," Innes Review (2008) 59#1, pp. 77–112.
- Bowie, Karin. "Cultural, British and Global Turns in the History of Early Modern Scotland," Scottish Historical Review (April 2013 Supplement), Vol. 92, pp. 38–48.
- Brown, I. The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature: Enlightenment, Britain and Empire (1707–1918) (Edinburgh University Press, 2007), ISBN 0748624813
- Brown, Keith M. "Early Modern Scottish History - A Survey," Scottish Historical Review (April 2013 Supplement), Vol. 92, pp. 5–24.
- Cameron, Ewen A. "The Political Histories of Modern Scotland." Scottish Affairs 85.1 (2013): 1-28.
- Devine, T. M. and J. Wormald, eds, The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History (Oxford University Press, 2012), ISBN 0199563691,
- Dingwall, Helen M. A history of Scottish medicine: themes and influences (Edinburgh UP, 2003).
- Elton, G.R. Modern Historians on British History 1485-1945: A Critical Bibliography 1945-1969 (1969), annotated guide to 1000 history books on every major topic, plus book reviews and major scholarly articles. online pp 198-205
- Falconer, J. R. D. "Surveying Scotland's Urban Past: The Pre-Modern Burgh," History Compass (2011) 9#1, pp. 34–44.
- Kidd, C. Subverting Scotland's Past: Scottish Whig Historians and the Creation of an Anglo-British Identity 1689–1830 (Cambridge University Press, 2003), ISBN 0521520193
- Linklater, Eric. "The Matter of Scotland." History Today (Jan 1951) 1#1 pp p43-52, online
- McDermid, Jane. "No Longer Curiously Rare but Only Just within Bounds: women in Scottish history," Women's History Review (2011) 20#3, pp. 389–402.
- Lee, Jr., Maurice. "Scottish History since 1966," in Richard Schlatter, ed., Recent Views on British History: Essays on Historical Writing since 1966 (Rutgers UP, 1984), pp. 377 – 400.
- Macinnes, A.I. et al. "Whither Scottish History?" Scottish Historical Review 73 (1994) 31–88. online
- MacKenzie, John M. "Irish, Scottish, Welsh and English Worlds? A Four-Nation Approach to the History of the British Empire," History Compass (2008) 6#5, pp. 1244–1263
- Morton, Graeme, and Trevor Griffiths. "Closing the Door on Modern Scotland's Gilded Cage," Scottish Historical Review (2013) Supplement, Vol. 92, pp. 49–69; on nationalism
- Raffe, Alasdair. "1707, 2007, and the Unionist Turn in Scottish History," Historical Journal (2010), 53#4, pp. 1071–1083.
- Raftery, Deirdre et al. "Social Change and Education in Ireland, Scotland and Wales: Historiography on Nineteenth-century Schooling," History of Education (2007) 36#4, pp. 447–463.
- Smout, T. C. "Scottish History in the Universities since the 1950s", History Scotland Magazine (2007) 7#5, pp. 45–50.