History of Ecuador (1895–1925)
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Republic of Ecuador República del Ecuador | |||||||||
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| 1895–1925 | |||||||||
| Motto: "Dios, patria y libertad" | |||||||||
| Anthem: Emilio Estrada | |||||||||
• 1911-1912 | Carlos Freile Zaldumbide | ||||||||
• 1912 | Francisco Andrade Marín | ||||||||
• 1912 | Alfredo Baquerizo | ||||||||
• 1912-1916 | Leónidas Plaza | ||||||||
• 1916-1920 | Alfredo Baquerizo | ||||||||
• 1920-1924 | José Luis Tamayo | ||||||||
• 1924-1925 | Gonzalo Córdova | ||||||||
| Legislature | National Congress | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 5 June 1895 | |||||||||
• Disestablished | 9 July 1925 | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Ecuador Colombia Peru | ||||||||
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| History of Ecuador |
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 Ecuador portal |
This is a summary of the history of Ecuador from 1895-1925.
Liberal Era
The Liberals can be credited with few further accomplishments of major proportions. The system of
A major cause of the instability of the period was the lack of unity within the PLR itself. Alfaro and a second military strongman, General
Shortly thereafter, Plaza was inaugurated into his second presidential term in office. It was the first of four consecutive constitutional changes of government: following Plaza (1912–16) came
All parties involved in la argolla, from the government officials to the bankers and the growers, were professed militants of the Liberal cause. It was not only the political fortunes of the party that fell victim to their financial activities, however, but also the national economy, which experienced runaway inflation as a result of the printing of money by the private banks. The severe economic problems during the final years of Liberal rule were also partially caused by factors beyond the control of the politicians. A
Ecuador's economic crisis of the early 1920s was especially devastating to the working class and the poor. With real wages, for those lucky enough to have jobs, eaten away by inflation, workers responded with a general strike in Guayaquil in 1922, and a peasant rebellion in the central Sierra the following year. Both actions were aimed at improving wages and working conditions; both were put down only after massacres of major proportions.
President Gonzalo Córdova, closely tied to La Argolla (the ring), had come to office in a fraudulent election. Popular unrest, together with the ongoing economic crisis and a sickly president, laid the background for a bloodless coup d'état in July 1925. Unlike all previous forays by the military into Ecuadorian politics, the coup of 1925 was made in the name of a collective grouping rather than a particular caudillo. The members of the League of Young Officers who overthrew Córdoba came to power with an agenda, which included a wide variety of social reforms, the replacement of the increasingly sterile Liberal-Conservative debate, and the end of the rule of the Liberals, who had become decadent after three decades in power.
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