History of Ipswich Town F.C.
on 30 May 1938.
The club experienced league success during the early 1960s under the guidance of
Success at Ipswich for Ramsey and Robson led to both men managing the England national football team. Under Ramsey, England won the World Cup in 1966, and Robson led the team to fourth place at the 1990 World Cup.
Foundation to professionalism: 1878–1936
The club was founded on 16 October 1878 as an amateur side known as Ipswich AFC, under the presidency of local
The club won their first trophy in the
In 1907, Ipswich became founder members of the Southern Amateur League.[10] The club narrowly avoided relegation in many of the following seasons, and suffered a club record 15–1 defeat at the hands of the Corinthians at Portman Road on New Year's Day, 1910. The outbreak of the First World War and the commandeering of Portman Road by the Army curtailed the 1914–15 season and organised football did not return until the 1920–21 season.[10] Just one year later, Ipswich Town became champions of the Southern Amateur League, clinching the title on the last day of the season.[10][11] The club won the league a further three times, in 1929–30, 1932–33 and 1933–34, before becoming founder members of the Eastern Counties Football League at the end of the 1934–35 season.[12]
Early Football League: 1936–1955
In 1936, local businessman Leonard P. Thompson threatened to lead a breakaway from the amateur club to create an entirely separate professional club, Ipswich United. John Murray Cobbold, the club President, called together rival factions for a meeting at the Town Hall on 1 May 1936, at which it was agreed that Ipswich Town should turn professional. The club was unanimously
The club's first professional game at Portman Road resulted in a 4–1 win against
Ipswich Town were
During the early 1950s
Ramsey and champions of England: 1955–69
Alf Ramsey's appointment led
Ipswich had their most successful season to that point in
Ramsey was replaced by Jackie Milburn,[12] under whose leadership fortunes on the pitch declined. Two years after winning the league title, Ipswich dropped into the Second Division in 1963–64, conceding 121 league goals in 42 games, still the highest number of goals conceded by Ipswich in a season.[23][28] Patrick Mark Cobbold, John's brother, joined the board of directors in 1964 and their mother, Lady Blanche Cobbold, became honorary president of the club.[1] Milburn quit after just one full season and was replaced by Bill McGarry early in the 1964–65 season.[12] The club remained in the Second Division for four years until McGarry guided Ipswich to promotion in the 1967–68 season, winning the division by a single point ahead of Queens Park Rangers.[29] McGarry left to manage Wolves and was replaced by Bobby Robson in January 1969.[12]
Robson and Europe: 1969–82
Bobby Robson's appointment followed a chance encounter with Ipswich director Murray Sangster while scouting at Portman Road for Chelsea manager Dave Sexton.[30] Robson had some experience of management from his time at Fulham, although he had been sacked after failing to avoid relegation from the Second Division.[31] Robson's sides finished 18th and 19th in his first two seasons at Ipswich, but he kept the team in the top division, before finding greater success. Robson led the club to fourth place in the First Division and success in the Texaco Cup, beating local rivals Norwich City 4–2, in the 1972–73 season.[32]
The fourth-place finish meant Ipswich qualified for the
In the
The club finished second in the league once more and were losing semi-finalists in the
Ipswich therefore began the 1981–82 UEFA Cup campaign as holders, but lost in the first round to Scottish opponents Aberdeen. Domestically, the club had continued success, finishing second in the First Division yet again, this time four points behind Liverpool.[43][44]
Robson's achievements with Ipswich earned him an offer from the Football Association to become the England national coach; he declined an offer of a ten-year contract extension from Ipswich director Patrick Cobbold.[45] On 7 July 1982, two days after England were knocked out of the 1982 World Cup, Bobby Robson left Ipswich to succeed Ron Greenwood as coach of England.[46] During his 13-year tenure at Ipswich, Robson brought in only 14 players from other clubs, relying instead on players developed through the club's youth programmes.[47] In 2002, in recognition of Robson's achievements with the club, a life-size statue of him was unveiled opposite the Cobbold Stand at Portman Road.[48] On 7 July 2006, Robson was named as honorary president of Ipswich Town Football Club, the first since Lady Blanche Cobbold who had died in 1987.[49]
After Robson: 1982–1995
Bobby Robson was replaced at Ipswich by his chief coach,
From 1987 to 1990, Ipswich Town were managed by
After a good start to the season, Ipswich were in fourth place in the league in January 1993, but a dip in form during the final weeks of the season saw the club finish 16th.[57] The next season was almost a mirror of the previous; Ipswich again made a good start, followed by a late slump in results. The club only avoided relegation when Sheffield United suffered a last-gasp 3–2 defeat at Chelsea on the final day of the season.[58] Lyall was sacked as Ipswich manager in December 1994 with the club at the bottom of the Premiership.[54] His successor George Burley was unable to turn things around and Ipswich suffered a "humiliating" 9–0 defeat at Manchester United in early March,[59][60] the biggest margin in a Premiership match.[61] Relegation was confirmed soon afterwards and Ipswich ended the season having conceded 93 goals in 42 league games.[62] Patrick Cobbold had left his role as club chairman in 1991, handing his position to John Kerr. His brother had died in 1983 and Patrick died suddenly in 1994, but the Cobbold connection continued when Patrick and John's nephew Major Philip William Hope-Cobbold joined the board in 1995.[1]
Europe, administration and Championship regulars: 1995–2018
Having served on the board of directors since 1986, David Sheepshanks was appointed as club chairman in 1995.[63] The next four seasons brought near-misses as the club flirted with promotion; in 1995–96, Ipswich fell one place short of the First Division play-off zone, and the ensuing three seasons brought successive semi-final play-off defeats.[64] In 2000, Ipswich qualified for the Division One play-off final, the last such match at Wembley Stadium before the stadium was to be redeveloped.[65] They beat Barnsley 4–2 securing their return to the Premiership after an absence of five years.[66]
Ipswich made only one major signing during the off-season, buying
First team coach
When Royle became Ipswich manager, the club was struggling near the Division One relegation zone, but the change in management sparked a revival and Ipswich narrowly failed to reach the 2002–03 play-offs.[81] The club came out of administration during the 2003–04 season,[82] and continued to challenge for promotion back to the Premier League. Ipswich finished that season in fifth place, but were beaten in the play-off semi finals by West Ham United 2–1 on aggregate.[83] Ipswich missed automatic promotion in the 2004–05 season, finishing third, only two points behind second-placed Wigan Athletic.[84] Again, they lost to West Ham United in the play off semi-finals, this time by a 4–2 aggregate score.[85] Although they had been pre-season promotion favourites for the 2005–06 season, Ipswich finished 15th, the club's lowest finish since 1966,[86] and Joe Royle resigned on 11 May 2006.[87]
At a press conference held on 5 June 2006,
Relegation and League One Era: 2018–2022
Paul Hurst was appointed as manager for the start of the 2018–19 season, with the club heralding it as "a new era",[110] but was sacked less than five months later after securing a single victory in fourteen league matches, leaving Ipswich bottom of the Championship.[111] On 27 October 2018, former Norwich City manager Paul Lambert was appointed as the new manager.[112] Winning 3 games in the next 28 resulted in Ipswich being relegated to the third tier of English football for the first time since 1957, with relegation being confirmed following a one-all draw with Birmingham City on 13 April 2019.[113] Ipswich finished their first season in League One in eleventh, with the final standings ultimately being decided by points-per-game due to the season's suspension due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[114] In the 2020–21 season, Ipswich continued to struggle and found themselves in tenth place in January. This prompted local newspaper East Anglian Daily Times to call for Paul Lambert to be sacked as Ipswich manager.[115] Lambert left the club by mutual consent on 28 February 2021.[116]
Former Wigan Athletic manager Paul Cook was appointed as replacement for Lambert and handed a contract until 2023 on 2 March 2021.[117] On 7 April 2021, the club announced that US investment group Gamechanger 20 Limited had purchased a majority stake in the club, with previous owner Marcus Evans remaining as a minority shareholder.[118] Ipswich ended the 2020–21 season in League One in ninth position.[119]
Ipswich continued to stagnate into the 2021-22 season. Following a streak of poor results, Cook was sacked after 9 months in charge on 6 December 2021.[120] It took Ipswich ten days to appoint former Manchester United assistant coach[121] Kieran McKenna. Form considerably improved for the rest of the season, however, it was not enough for Ipswich to push for play-offs. Ipswich finished the season in 11th.[122]
Promotion to the Championship: 2022-present
Ipswich entered into their fourth season in League One strongly, obtaining seven wins in the first ten rounds and only losing one. Ipswich managed to stay in the top two until the 25th round, where a series of draws pushed them out of the automatic promotion slots into the play-off positions. Ipswich's chances of automatic promotion appeared to fade, but Kieran McKenna managed to guide the team back into second spot with an eighteen-game unbeaten run in the close of the season. Ipswich confirmed their promotion back into the Championship with a 6-0 victory over Exeter on 29 April 2023. Overall, Ipswich scored 101 goals and gained 98 points.[123]
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External links
- Club history at the Ipswich Town F.C. website