History of pathology
The history of pathology can be traced to the earliest application of the scientific method to the field of medicine, a development which occurred in the Middle East during the Islamic Golden Age and in Western Europe during the Italian Renaissance.
Early systematic human
Arabian physician Avenzoar (1091–1161). Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902) is generally recognized to be the father of microscopic pathology. Most early pathologists were also practicing physicians or surgeons
.
Origins of pathology
Early understanding of the origins of diseases constitutes the earliest application of the scientific method to the field of medicine, a development which occurred in the Middle East during the Islamic Golden Age[2] and in Western Europe during the Italian Renaissance.[3]
The
Carl Rokitansky (1804–1878), who is said to have performed 20,000 autopsies, and supervised an additional 60,000, in his lifetime.[3][11]
Origins of microscopic pathology
Julius Cohnheim (1839–1884) combined histology techniques with experimental manipulations to study inflammation, making him one of the earliest experimental pathologists.[3] Cohnheim also pioneered the use of the frozen section procedure; a version of this technique is widely employed by modern pathologists to render diagnoses and provide other clinical information intraoperatively.[13]
Modern experimental pathology
As new research techniques, such as
electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and molecular biology have expanded the means by which biomedical scientists can study disease, the definition and boundaries of investigative pathology have become less distinct. In the broadest sense, nearly all research which links manifestations of disease to identifiable processes in cells, tissues, or organs can be considered experimental pathology.[14]
Other Pertinent Topics
- History of medicine
- Anatomical pathology
- Surgical pathology
- List of pathologists
- United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology
References
- PMID 1285450.
- ISBN 0-521-52994-8.
- ^ a b c d e [1] History of Pathology, at the USC School of Dentistry
- ^ Hippocrates: The Father of Spine Surgery : Spine
- ^ Greek Medicine - Galen
- Thomson Gale.
- ^ Islamic medicine, Hutchinson Encyclopedia.
- ^ Rubin's Pathology, Fifth Edition. 2008. Ed. R. Rubin and D.S. Strayer
- ^ [2] A History of Medicine from the Biblioteca Centrale dell'Area Biomedica
- PMID 18340813.
- ^ [3] Karl von Rokitansky at Whonamedit.com
- ^ [4] Rudolf Virchow at Whonamedit.com
- ^ [5] Jewish Encyclopedia entry on Julius Cohnheim
- ^ "Mission and History". Archived from the original on 2008-05-12. Retrieved 2008-04-23. Mission of the American Society for Investigative Pathology