Horlivka
Horlivka
| |
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City | |
Coordinates: 48°18′N 38°3′E / 48.300°N 38.050°E | |
Country | Ukraine |
Oblast | Donetsk Oblast |
Raion | Horlivka Raion |
Hromada | Horlivka urban hromada |
Government | |
• Mayor | Ivan Prikhodko[1] |
Area | |
• Total | 422 km2 (163 sq mi) |
Population (2022) | |
• Total | 239,828 |
• Density | 574/km2 (1,490/sq mi) |
Climate | Dfb |
Horlivka (UK: /ˈhɔːljuːkə/ HOR-lew-kə,[2] US: /ˈhɔːrlɪfkə/ HOR-lif-kə;[3] Ukrainian: Горлівка, IPA: [ɣorʎiu̯ka] ⓘ), also known as Gorlovka (Russian: Горловка, IPA: [ˈɡorləfkə]),[4] is a city in Donetsk Oblast of Ukraine. Its population is 239,828 (2022 estimate).[5]
Economic activity is predominantly coal mining and the chemical industry. The Horlivka Institute for Foreign Languages has a two-building campus in the city centre.
The city was severely damaged during the
History
This section appears to be slanted towards recent events. (March 2023) |
In 1779, the city was founded as Gosudarev Posad and in 1869 it was renamed after Pyotr Gorlov as Gorlovka. The workers' town provided basic services to and organization of a series of mining camps. During the Russian Revolution of 1905, it was the scene of an armed uprising.[citation needed]
In April 1918, troops loyal to the
The city was occupied by German troops from 1941 to 1943.[8] During World War II retreating Nazis burned buildings and perpetrated mass shootings. Nonetheless, the city's population had risen to over 400,000 by the end of the war. In recent years many mines have closed. The population fell by more than ten percent during the 1990s.[citation needed]
War in Donbas
In the middle of April 2014, and shortly thereafter,
On July 21 and 22, 2014, the city saw heavy fighting.
As reported by the city administration, from the beginning of the conflict until late January 2015, 274 local civilians were wounded and 92 killed, including nine children.[29] Because of the conflict the city's population shrank to 180,000.[6]
In late March 2019, according to Ukrainian media reports, Ukrainian army mine clearance specialist Andriy Shor, who participated in
As of 2020, the majority of the town remains under separatist control.[33] In June 2020, the former head of DPR propaganda in Horlivka handed himself to SBU.[34]
In July 2020, as part of the reform of administrative divisions in Ukraine, Horlivka was made the administrative center of Horlivka Raion. This new status is not recognized by the pro-Russian occupation authorities.
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 15 September 2022, the Intelligence Directorate under the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence reported that the occupying Russian forces were tasked with conscripting an additional 6,000 local residents. This, combined with previous conscription campaigns, and residents fleeing the city, left Horlivka devoid of a male population of military age.[35] On 16 August 2023, the Ukrainian National Resistance Center claimed that Russian-installed city officials had said that more than 20,000 local residents were killed after being forcibly enlisted into the Russian army.[36]
Demographics
Ethnic composition as of the
Ethnicity | Number | % |
---|---|---|
Ukrainians | 160,397 | 51.4 |
Russians | 139,980 | 44.8 |
Belarusians | 4,079 | 1.3 |
Tatars | 876 | 0.3 |
Armenians | 784 | 0.3 |
Moldovans | 720 | 0.2 |
Azeris |
647 | 0.2 |
First language as of the
- Russian 85.1%
- Ukrainian 13.9%
- Belarusian 0.1%
- Armenian 0.1%
Culture
The Museum of the City History, the Art Museum (the largest collection of paintings by N. Roerich in Ukraine), the Miniature Book Museum by V.A. Razumov (the only state in the world). 62 out of 84 comprehensive schools (29,700 students, 7,000 teachers), 55 kindergartens (5,700 children), 19 out of 25 houses of culture and clubs, 7 parks, 29 libraries, 7 cinemas.
Infrastructure and environment
Despite the
On the eastern side of Horlivka there is an abandoned chemical plant which used to produce toxic explosives and has been reported to be in a dangerous condition.[38][39] Mining activity has resulted in large spoil tips being visible around the city, but a tree planting project and ongoing forestry maintenance has revitalised an area to the north.
The city was severely damaged during the
Administrative divisions
This article needs to be updated.(February 2021) |
The city is divided into three city districts: Mykytivka, Kalinin, and City Center.
The city municipality also includes several towns and villages. Most of the populated places belong to the City Center district, while Hladosove, Holmivsky and Zaitseve are part of Mykytivka district.
- urban-type settlements: Holmivsky, Zaitseve, Panteleymonivka
- villages: Mykhailivka, Ryasne
- hamlets: Hladosove, Ozeryanivka, Piatykhatky, Stavky, Fedorivka, Shyroka Balka
Notable people
- Sergei Baranov, Russian volleyball player
- Yuriy Boyko, Ukrainian politician
- Valeriy Horbunov, Ukrainian and Soviet football player
- metalband
- Nikolai Kapustin, Russian composer and pianist
- Alevtin Osipov, former Kazakh professional football player
- Ihor Petrov, Ukrainian professional football coach and a former player
- Aleksandr Ponomarev, Soviet Ukrainian football player and manager
- Ruslan Ponomariov, Ukrainian chess player
- Serhii Rebrov, Ukrainian footballer
- Oleksandr Savanchuk, Ukrainian football striker
- defector
- Mykyta Shevchenko, Ukrainian football goalkeeper
- Evgeny Ukhanov, Ukrainian-Australian pianist
- Alexander Volkov, Soviet-Ukrainian-Russian cosmonaut
- Volodymyr Ivanovych Rybak, Ukrainian police officer and deputy, killed by Russian-backed militants
International relations
Horlivka is
- Barnsley,[40] United Kingdom, since 1987
- Pensacola, United States
- Buffalo, United States, since 2007
Gallery
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Lenin monument in Horlivka
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Stirol chemical plant in Horlivka
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Mykytivka railway station
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A billboard in Horlivka
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Zheleznaya Balka (Iron Valley) near Horlivka
Notes
- ^ On April 6, 2015, Interior Minister Arsen Avakov appointed Andriy Kryschenko police chief of Kharkiv.[15] On December 15, 2015, he was appointed Chief of the National Police of Ukraine in Kyiv.[16]
References
- ^ https://admin-gorlovka.ru/glava-administracii/
- ^ "Horlivka". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on March 22, 2020.
- ^ "Horlivka". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
- ^ "Gorlovka: Ukraine". Geographical Names. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 4, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Huijboom, Stefan (June 22, 2015). "Resident of Russian-held Horlivka: 'We have nothing'". Kyiv Post. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
- Ukrayinska Pravda(April 18, 2018)
- ^ "Yahad-In Unum Interactive Map". Execution Sites of Jewish Victims Investigated by Yahad-In Unum. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ^ Leonid Ragozin (April 16, 2014). "Putin Is Accidentally Helping Unite Eastern and Western Ukraine – The New Republic". The New Republic.
- ^ "Injuries reported in pro-Russia attack at Horlivka in east Ukraine". euronews.
- ^ "Ukraine: Protesters Seize Police HQ in Horlivka". VOA.
- ^ "In rundown Horlivka, pro-Russian separatists' gains come as no surprise to many". Washington Post.
- ^ "Media: Separatists free Horlivka mayor". KyivPost. July 18, 2014.
- ^ Ukrainska Pravda, Аваков: Керівник міліції Горлівки – справжній офіцер – побитий, але живий [Avakov says that the head of police in Horlivka, a true officer, is battered but alive], April 14, 2014.
- Ukrayinska Pravda(April 6, 2015)
- ^ (in Ukrainian) Chief of police of Kharkiv transferred to Kiev, SQ (December 15, 2015)
- ^ "Ukraine alert as politician killed". BBC. April 22, 2014. Retrieved November 3, 2014.
- ^ "Pro-Russian separatists seize buildings in east Ukraine's Horlivka". The Globe and Mail. April 30, 2014. Archived from the original on April 30, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
- ^ "SBU Detains Self-Styled Major of Horlivka, Donetsk Region Kolosniuk". Ukrainian News Agency. July 2, 2014. Archived from the original on July 2, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
- ^ "Horlivka sees gunfire, bridge damage, electric public transport halt". Interfax-Ukraine.
- ^ "Two inmates die, two more injured when colony in Horlivka comes under fire". Interfax-Ukraine.
- ^ "Government forces enter Horlivka suburb < News < Home". nrcu.gov.ua. Archived from the original on July 22, 2014.
- ^ Felicia Schwartz and Carol E. Lee (July 26, 2014). "White House Says Putin 'Culpable' in Flight 17 Crash". WSJ.
- ^ "ATO major forces to focus on Horlivka". ukrinform.ua.
- ^ Dmitry Lovetsky. "Fighting intensifies near crash site". The Columbus Dispatch.
- ^ "Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) to Ukraine based on information received as of 18:00 (Kyiv time)". OSCE. January 19, 2015. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
- ^ Five Ukrainian soldiers were injured in hostilities in the anti-terrorist operation, Interfax-Ukraine (April 20, 2016)
- liveuamap.com(November 25, 2017)
- ^ "Горловка после дня обстрелов: трое погибших, 17 раненых, повреждены 14 школ, приостановлена работа детских садов". Gorlovka.ua. January 19, 2015. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
- ^ "Ukraine's Armed Forces reportedly cross Russia-occupied Horlivka's border – Donbas veteran". www.unian.info. March 28, 2019. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
- ^ "Securing new ground: Ukraine Army in Horlivka". www.unian.info. March 29, 2019. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
- ^ "Сепаратисты под Горловкой пытались потеснить ВСУ". korrespondent.net (in Russian). Retrieved September 23, 2019.
- ^ "Spot Report 22/2020: Armed members of the armed formations stopped an SMM patrol in Horlivka and prevented its departure for almost three hours – Ukraine". ReliefWeb. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
- ^ "Donbas 'republic' journalists trained in propaganda skills in Russia". Human Rights in Ukraine. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
- ^ "Male Population almost Extinct in Horlivka due to 'Mobilization' to Occupying Army". gur.gov.ua. Retrieved January 6, 2023.
- ^ "National Resistance Center: Over 20,000 residents in Russian-occupied Horlivka killed due to forced enlistment". The Kyiv Independent. August 17, 2023. Retrieved August 17, 2023.
- ^ a b "Ukrcensus.gov.ua".
- )
- ^ "2012-01-03 Chernobyl of Gorlivka". Archived from the original on January 1, 2014.
- ^ "Town twinning Information about town twinning". Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council. November 12, 2012. Retrieved July 14, 2013.
External links
- Gorlovka Portal
- Gorlovka Vedi
- Video of Gorlovka
- Yellow Pages of Horlivka
- Things to do in Horlivka Archived February 23, 2016, at the Wayback Machine