Horned owl
| Horned owls and eagle-owls Temporal range:
Late Pliocene to present | |
|---|---|
| |
| Indian eagle-owl, Bubo bengalensis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Strigiformes |
| Family: | Strigidae |
| Genus: | Bubo Duméril, 1805 |
| Type species | |
| Strix bubo Linnaeus, 1758
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
The American (North and South America) horned owls and the Old World eagle-owls make up the genus Bubo, at least as traditionally described. The genus name Bubo is Latin for owl.
This genus contains ten species that are found in many parts of the world. Some of the largest living
Taxonomy
The genus Bubo was introduced in 1805 by the French zoologist André Duméril for the horned owls.[2] The type species is the Eurasian eagle-owl.[3] The word bubo is Latin for the Eurasian eagle owl and was used as the specific epithet for the species by Carl Linnaeus in 1758.[4]
A
Species
The genus contains 10 extant species:[6]
- Snowy owl, Bubo scandiacus
- Great horned owl, Bubo virginianus
- Lesser horned owl, Bubo magellanicus
- Eurasian eagle-owl, Bubo bubo
- Indian eagle-owl, Bubo bengalensis
- Pharaoh eagle-owl, Bubo ascalaphus
- Cape eagle-owl, Bubo capensis
- Arabian eagle-owl, Bubo milesi
- Greyish eagle-owl, Bubo cinerascens
- Spotted eagle-owl, Bubo africanus
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Sometimes included in this genus:
- Verreaux's Eagle-owl, Ketupa lactea
- Spot-bellied Eagle-owl, Ketupa nipalensis
- Barred Eagle-owl,Ketupa sumatrana
- Fraser's Eagle-owl,Ketupa poensis
- Akun eagle-owl, Ketupa leucosticta
- Philippine eagle-owl, Ketupa philippensis
- Dusky eagle-owl, Ketupa coromanda
- Shelley's eagle-owl, Ketupa shelleyi
- Blakiston's fish owl, Ketupa blakistoni
- Brown fish owl, Ketupa zeylonensis
- Tawny fish owl, Ketupa flavipes
- Buffy fish owl, Ketupa ketupu
- Pel's fishing owl, Scotopelia peli
- Rufous fishing owl, Scotopelia ussheri
- Vermiculated fishing owl, Scotopelia bouvieri
Fossil record
Named and distinct Bubo species are:
- Bubo florianae (Late Miocene[verification needed] of Csákvár, Hungary, tentatively placed here)
- Bubo leakeyae (Early Pleistocene of Tanzania)
- Bubo binagadensis (Late Pleistocene of Binagady, Azerbaijan)
- Bubo osvaldoi (Pleistocene of Cuba)[7]
- Bubo insularis (Pleistocene of Sardinia)
Some notable undescribed fossils of prehistoric horned owls, usually quite fragmentary remains, have also been recorded:
- Bubo sp. (Late Pliocene of Senèze, France)[8]
- Bubo sp. (Late Pliocene of Rębielice Królewskie, Poland; tentatively placed here)[9]
- Bubo sp. (Late Pleistocene of San Josecito Cavern, Mexico)[10]
Specimen
The Sinclair owl (Bubo sinclairi) from Late Pleistocene California may have been a
Several presumed Bubo fossils have turned out to be from different birds. The Late Eocene/Early Oligocene eared owls "Bubo" incertus and "Bubo" arvernensis are now placed in the fossil barn-owl genera Nocturnavis and Necrobyas, respectively. "Bubo" leptosteus is now recognized as primitive owl in the genus Minerva (formerly Protostrix). "Bubo" poirreiri from the Late Oligocene or Early Miocene of Saint-Gérard-le-Puy in France, is now placed in Mioglaux.
On the other hand, the supposed fossil
Interactions with humans
Because of their nocturnal habits, most owls do not directly interact with humans. However, in 2015, an eagle owl in Purmerend, Netherlands, attacked some fifty people before it was caught by a hired falconer.[15]
Footnotes
- junior synonymof Ketupa, if that is a valid genus: Pavia (1999), Mlíkovský (2002, 2003).
- ^ Duméril, A. M. Constant (1805). Zoologie analytique : ou, Méthode naturelle de classification des animaux; endue plus facile a l'aide de tableaux synoptiques (in French). Paris: Allais. p. 34. The book bears the date of 1806 on the title page but was actually published in 1805. See: Gregory, Steven M.S. (2010). "The two 'editions' of Duméril's Zoologie analytique, and the potential confusion caused by Froriep's translation Analytische Zoologie" (PDF). Zoological Bibliography. 1 (1): 6–8.
- ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1940). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 4. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 110.
- ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- hdl:2346/93048.
- ^ Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Owls". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- ^ Arredondo, O; Olson, SL. "A New Species of Owl of the Genus Bubo from the Pleistocene of Cuba (Aves: Strigiformes)" (PDF). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 107 (3): 436–444. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- ^ Lambrecht (1933): p. 616
- ^ Mlíkovský (2002)
- ^ A single bone of a large horned owl distinct from B. virginianus: Steadman et al. (1994)
- ^ Feduccia (1970)
- ^ Howard (1947)
- ^ Mlíkovský (2002, 2003)
- ^ Olson (1985): p. 167, Mlíkovský (2002)
- ^ ""Horror owl" caught in Purmerend; had attacked 50 people". NL Times. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
References
- Feduccia, J. Alan; Ford, Norman L. (1970). "Some birds of prey from the Upper Pliocene of Kansas" (PDF). JSTOR 4083714.
- JSTOR 1364422.
- König, Claus; Weick, Friedhelm & Becking, Jan-Hendrik (1999): Owls: A guide to the owls of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven. ISBN 978-0-300-07920-3
- Lambrecht, Kálmán(1933): Handbuch der Palaeornithologie [Handbook of Paleornithology]. Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin. [in German]
- Mlíkovský, Jiří (2002): Cenozoic Birds of the World, Part 1: Europe. Ninox Press, Prague.
- Mlíkovský, Jiří (2003). "Brown Fish Owl (Bubo zeylonensis) in Europe: past distribution and taxonomic status" (PDF). Buteo. 13: 61–65. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2008-09-19.
- Olsen, Jery; Wink, Michael; Sauer-Gürth, Heidi; Trost, Susan (2002). "A new Ninox owl from Sumba, Indonesia" (PDF). S2CID 86526031. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2009-09-30. Retrieved 2006-12-23.
- Olson, Storrs L.(1985): The fossil record of birds. In: Farner, D.S.; King, J.R. & Parkes, Kenneth C. (eds.): Avian Biology 8: 79–238. Academic Press, New York.
- Pavia, Marco (1999). "Un cranio di Bubo insularis Mourer-Chauviré & Weesie, 1986 (Aves, Strigidae) nelle brecce ossifere del Pleistocene di Capo Figari (Sardegna, Italia)" [A cranium of B. insularis from the Pleistocene ossiferous breccia of Cape Figari (Sardinia, Italy)] (PDF). Atti della Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali (in Italian and English). 133: 1–10.
- Steadman, David William; Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin; Johnson, Eileen; Guzman, A. Fabiola (1994). "New Information on the Late Pleistocene Birds from San Josecito Cave, Nuevo León, Mexico" (PDF). JSTOR 1369460.
External links
Media related to Bubo at Wikimedia Commons
