Hosea 10

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Hosea 10
4Q166 "The Hosea Commentary Scroll", late first century B.C.
BookBook of Hosea
CategoryNevi'im
Christian Bible partOld Testament
Order in the Christian part28

Hosea 10 is the tenth chapter of the Book of Hosea in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] In the Hebrew Bible it is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[3][4] This chapter contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Hosea, son of Beeri, dated by the Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary to the period between Shalmaneser V's first and second invasions of Israel. Israel is reproved and threatened for its impiety and idolatry, and exhorted to repentance (cf. Hosea 10:14; Hosea 10:6 referring to Hoshea's calling pharaoh So of Egypt to his aid; also Hosea 10:4, 13).[5]

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew. This chapter is divided into 15 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[6] Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, including 4Q82 (4QXIIg; 25 BCE) with extant verses 1–14.[7][8][9][10]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).[11][a]

Contents and commentary

Verse 1

Israel is an empty vine, he bringeth forth fruit unto himself: according to the multitude of his fruit he hath increased the altars; according to the goodness of his land they have made goodly images.[13]

Charles Ellicott's commentary argues that "Empty in the English version is wrong, being inconsistent with what follows" and suggests "luxuriant" as a preferable translation.[14] Many more recent translations than the King James Version have adopted this usage.[15]

Verse 8

The high places also of Aven, the sin of Israel, shall be destroyed:
the thorn and the thistle shall come up on their altars;
and they shall say to the mountains, Cover us;
and to the hills, Fall on us.[16]

Verse 12

It is noteworthy that Aramaic translations of the book of Hosea include an instruction to "light a lamp" in preface to the line "it is time to seek the LORD."[18][19]

Verse 14

Therefore shall a tumult arise among thy people,
and all thy fortresses shall be spoiled,
as Shalman spoiled Betharbel in the day of battle:
the mother was dashed in pieces upon her children.[20]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The Book of Hosea is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.[12]

References

  1. ^ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1963.
  2. ^ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
  3. ^ Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
  4. ^ Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon.
  5. ^ a b Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset and David Brown (1871), Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary on Hosea 10, accessed 4 December 2023
  6. ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
  7. ^ Ulrich 2010, pp. 594–595.
  8. ^ Dead sea scrolls - Hosea
  9. ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 39.
  10. ^ 4Q82 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  11. ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
  12. .
  13. ^ Hosea 10:8: King James Version
  14. ^ Reynolds, H. R. (1905), Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers on Hosea 10, accessed 4 December 2023
  15. BibleGateway.com, Hosea 10:1
    in all listed English translations, accessed 4 December 2023
  16. KJV
  17. ^ Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. "Hosea 10". First publication: 1890.
  18. ^ Sundara Rajan, Mira T. (2019-04-18), "Copyright and Publishing", The Oxford Handbook of Publishing, Oxford University Press, pp. 70–83, retrieved 2024-03-28
  19. ISSN 0042-4935
    .
  20. ^ Hosea 10:14: KJV
  21. ^ a b Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Old Testament. Hosea 10. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.
  22. ^ a b c d e Evidence for the Biblical King 'Shalman': But which nation did he rule?. Christopher Eames. Watch Jerusalem. April 19, 2020
  23. ^ John Gill. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible. Exposition of the Old and New Testament. "Hosea 10". Published in 1746-1763.

Sources

External links

Jewish

Christian