Hosea Williams
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Hosea Williams | |
---|---|
Born | Hosea Lorenzo Williams January 5, 1926[1] Attapulgus, Georgia, U.S. |
Died | November 16, 2000[2][3] Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. | (aged 74)
Resting place | Lincoln Cemetery (Atlanta, Georgia). |
Occupations |
|
Years active | 1956–2000 |
Known for | Activist during the civil rights movement |
Spouse | Juanita Terry Williams |
Children | 7, including Elisabeth Omilami |
Family | Porsha Williams (grandaughter) |
Hosea Lorenzo Williams (January 5, 1926 – November 16, 2000) was an American
Background
Williams was born in
Williams served with the
Of the attack, Williams was quoted as saying, "I was deemed 100 percent disabled by the military and required a cane to walk. My wounds had earned me a Purple Heart. The war had just ended and I was still in my uniform for god's sake! But on my way home, to the brink of death, they beat me like a common dog. The very same people whose freedoms and liberties I had fought and suffered to secure in the horrors of war ... they beat me like a dog ... merely because I wanted a drink of water." He went on to say, "I had watched my best buddies tortured, murdered, and bodies blown to pieces. The French battlefields had literally been stained with my blood and fertilized with the rot of my loins. So at that moment, I truly felt as if I had fought on the wrong side. Then, and not until then, did I realize why God, time after time, had taken me to death's door, then spared my life ... to be a general in the war for human rights and personal dignity." After the war, he earned a high school diploma at the age of 23, then a bachelor's degree and a master's degree (both in chemistry) from Atlanta's Morris Brown College and Atlanta University (present-day Clark Atlanta University). Williams was a member of Phi Beta Sigma fraternity. Williams' birthday coincided with the anniversary of the death of one of that organization's most prominent members, George Washington Carver. After college, Williams worked for the United States Department of Agriculture as an analytical chemist in Savannah from 1952 until 1963, in its Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine chemistry laboratory where his work focused on insecticide analysis and he would develop a method of pyrethrin determination. In 1976, Williams founded the Southeast Chemical Manufacturing and Distributing Company, which manufactured and sold specialized cleaning supplies. Williams would go on to found three other chemical companies and a bonding company.
Early civil rights activism
Williams first joined the NAACP, during which time he was a leader in the Savannah Protest Movement. However, he later became a leader in the SCLC along with Martin Luther King Jr., Ralph Abernathy, James Bevel, Joseph Lowery, and Andrew Young, among many others. He played an important role in the demonstrations in St. Augustine, Florida, that some claim led to the passage of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964.[7]
While organizing during the 1965 Selma Voting Rights Movement he also led the first attempt at a 1965 march from Selma to Montgomery, and was tear gassed and beaten severely. On March 7, 1965 – a day that would become known as "Bloody Sunday" – Williams and fellow activist John Lewis led over 600 marchers across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama. At the end of the bridge, they were met by Alabama State Troopers who ordered them to disperse. When the marchers stopped to pray, the police discharged tear gas and mounted troopers charged the demonstrators, beating them with night sticks. Repercussions from the "Bloody Sunday" attempt led to the other great legislative accomplishment of the movement, the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
After leaving the SCLC, Williams played an active role in supporting strikes in the Atlanta, Georgia, area by black workers who had first been hired because of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.[7]
Political career
In the
In 1972, Williams ran in the Democratic primary for the U.S. Senate seat formerly held by the late
On January 17, 1987, Williams led a "
Family and death
In early 1951, Williams married
Legacy
Williams’ first comprehensive biography, Hosea Williams: A Lifetime of Defiance and Protest, was written by Dr. Rolundus R. Rice, an educator and historian who currently serves as COO and Vice President of Student Affairs at Tuskegee University. Rice traces Williams's journey from a local activist in Georgia to a national leader and one of Martin Luther King Jr.'s chief lieutenants.[10]
Boulevard Drive in the southeastern area of Atlanta was renamed Hosea L Williams Drive shortly before Williams died. Hosea Williams Drive runs by the site of his former home in the
Williams' granddaughter Porsha Williams stars on The Real Housewives of Atlanta.
See also
Notes
- U.S. Representative Shirley Chisholmof New York City.
References
- ^ King Encyclopedia – Hosea Williams
- ISBN 9780199887095. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
- ISBN 9780810880375. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
- ISBN 0-684-80819-6.
- ^ Wheatley, Thomas. "Circa: Atlanta's Past In Pictures". Atlanta Magazine (April 2018): 128.
- ^ "International Civil Rights: Walk of Fame - Hosea Williams". www.nps.gov. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
- ^ a b "Civil Rights Act of 1964". Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 2, 2008.
- Atlanta History: A Journal of Georgia and the South, XXXI (Winter 1987–1988), p. 44.
- ^ Black Leaders of The Civil Rights Movement
- ^ "Hosea Williams: A Lifetime of Defiance and Protest". uscpress.com. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
External links
- Williams v. Forsyth County Defense League, Federal-court complaint by Hosea Williams
- Daniel Lewis, "Hosea Williams, 74, Rights Crusader, Dies", The New York Times, November 17, 2000
- New Georgia Encyclopedia: Hosea Williams (1926–2000) Archived April 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine Biographical information
- Hosea Feed the Hungry and Homeless Official Site
- Auburn Avenue Research Library on African American Culture and History Archived October 9, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- http://www.rcsoatl.com/2012/11/giving-back-hosea-feed-hungry.html
- Hosea Williams Bail Bonds