House of Bernadotte
House of Bernadotte | |
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Country | |
Founded | 1818 |
Founder | Charles XIV John |
Current head | Carl XVI Gustaf |
Final ruler | Norway: Oscar II |
Titles |
"By the Grace of God, King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Wends" (used until 1973) Former titles
|
Estate(s) | Sweden |
Deposition | Norway: 1905 Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden |
The House of Bernadotte
History of the house
Following the conclusion of the
At this time, Emperor
The
When elected to be Swedish royalty the new heir had been called Prince Bernadotte according to the promotions he received from Emperor Napoleon I, culminating in sovereignty over the Principality of Pontecorvo. Some Swedish experts have asserted that all of his male heirs have had the right to use that Italian title, since the Swedish government never made payments promised Charles John to get him to give up his position in Pontecorvo.[3]
Some members of the house who lost their royal status and Swedish titles due to unapproved marriages have also been given the titles Prince Bernadotte and Count of Wisborg in the nobility of other countries.
Bernadotte
Bernadotte, born in the town of Pau, in the province of Béarn, France, had risen to the rank of general during the French Revolution. In 1798, he married Désirée Clary, whose sister was married to Joseph, Napoleon's elder brother. In 1804, Napoleon promoted Bernadotte to a Marshal of France. Napoleon also granted him the title "Prince of Pontecorvo".
As the
The House of Bernadotte reigned in both countries until the
French origins
King
A grandson of theirs, Jean Bernadotte (1649–1698), was a weaver.[6]
Another Jean Bernadotte (1683–1760), his son, was a tailor.[7]
His son Henri Bernadotte (1711–1780) married Jeanne de Saint-Jean (1728–1809) and with her was the father of the future Swedish–Norwegian king. Henri was a local prosecutor, from a family of artisans,[8] who had once been imprisoned for debt.[9][10] This was a modest family which occupied only one floor of the house in a cross street in a popular and peripheral district of Pau.[11]
Two branches of the French Bernadotte family survive. The elder descends from Andrew (André) Bernadotte, an older granduncle of Carl John's, with descendants today in the general population of France. The younger branch divided in two, one branch descending from the king's older brother John (Jean Évangéliste) Bernadotte (1754–1813), the heads of which were French barons as of 1810 with Louvie Palace[12] in the south of Pau as their seat (branch extinct with the death of Baron Henri Bernadotte in 1966), and the other branch being the Swedish Royal House.[13]
Kings of Sweden
- 1818–1844: Charles XIV John
- 1844–1859: Oscar I
- 1859–1872: Charles XV
- 1872–1907: Oscar II
- 1907–1950: Gustaf V
- 1950–1973: Gustaf VI Adolf
- 1973–present: Carl XVI Gustaf
Kings of Norway
- 1818–1844: Charles III John
- 1844–1859: Oscar I
- 1859–1872: Charles IV
- 1872–1905: Oscar II
Entire royal house
This is a list only of the royal house, not of the royal whole family. It excludes in-laws and living persons (2022) who were royal, i.e. born members of the royal house, who no longer are royal today. Royals currently alive are listed in italics. All are listed primarily as Swedish royalty unless otherwise noted.
- King Charles XIV John(1763–1844) of Sweden, Charles III John of Norway
- King Oscar I (1799–1859) of Sweden and Norway
- King Charles XV(1826–1872) of Sweden, Charles IV of Norway
- Prince Charles Oscar of Sweden and Norway (1852–1854), Duke of Södermanland
- Queen Louise of Denmark (1851–1926), Princess of Sweden and Norway
- Prince Gustavof Sweden and Norway (1827–1852), Duke of Uppland
- King Oscar II(1829–1907) of Sweden and Norway
- King Gustaf V(1858–1950), né Prince of Sweden and Norway
- King Gustaf VI Adolf(1882–1973), né Prince of Sweden and Norway
- Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten (1906–1947)
- King Carl XVI Gustaf(born 1946)
- Crown Princess Victoria, Duchess of Västergötland (b. 1977)
- Princess Estelle, Duchess of Östergötland (b. 2012)
- Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne (b. 2016)
- Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland (b. 1979)
- Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland (b. 1982)
- Crown Princess Victoria, Duchess of Västergötland (b. 1977)
- Princess Birgitta (b. 1937)
- Prince Sigvard, Duke of Uppland(1907–2002)
- Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland (1912–1997)
- Prince Carl Johan, Duke of Dalarna(1916–2012)
- Queen Ingrid of Denmark (1910–2000), Princess of Sweden
- Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten (1906–1947)
- Prince Wilhelm of Sweden and Norway (1884–1965), Duke of Södermanland
- Prince Lennart, Duke of Småland(1909–2004)
- Prince Erik of Sweden and Norway (1889–1918), Duke of Västmanland
- Prince Oscarof Sweden and Norway (1859–1953), Duke of Gotland
- Prince Carl of Sweden and Norway (1861–1951), Duke of Västergötland
- Prince Carl, Duke of Östergötland(1911–2003)
- Princess Margaretha of Denmark, Norway and Sweden (1899–1977)
- Crown Princess Märtha of Norway (1901–1954), née Princess of Sweden and Norway
- Queen Astrid of the Belgians (1905–1935), Princess of Sweden
- Prince Eugen of Sweden and Norway (1865–1946), Duke of Närke
- Prince August of Sweden and Norway (1831–1873), Duke of Dalarna
- Princess Eugenie of Swedenand Norway (1830–1889)
- King Oscar I (1799–1859) of Sweden and Norway
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See also
- Monarchy of Sweden
- List of Swedish monarchs
- Maison Bernadotte (French)
- Swedish royal family
- Guadeloupe Fund
- Count of Wisborg
- Swedish Act of Succession
- Line of succession to the Swedish throne
- Coat of arms of Sweden
- List of coats of arms of the House of Bernadotte
- Bernadotte Armorial
Notes
- ^ Pronunciation: UK: /ˌbɜːrnəˈdɒt/ BUR-nə-DOT, US: /-ˈdɔːt, ˈbɜːrnədɒt/ -DAWT, BUR-nə-dot;[1][2] Swedish: [bæɳaˈdɔtː].
References
- ^ "Bernadotte". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
- ^ "Bernadotte, Folke" (US) and "Bernadotte, Folke". Oxford Dictionaries UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press.[dead link]
- ^ Bramstång, Gunnar (1990). Tronrätt, bördstitel och hustillhörighet (in Swedish). p. 30.
- ^ Ätten Bernadotte : biografiska anteckningar, [Andra tillökade uppl.], Johannes Almén, C. & E. Gernandts förlag, Stockholm 1893, p. 1
- Centuries of Selfiesp- 155
- ^ "Jean Bernadotte" (in French). geneanet.org.
- ^ "Jean Bernadotte" (in French). geneanet.org.
- ^ "Bernadotte : un général de Napoléon devenu du Roi de Suède" (in French). ndf.fr. 18 March 2011.
- ^ Bulletin du Musée Bernadotte volume 3–4, Pau 1958–1959, p. 57
- ^ "Le fabuleux destin de Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte : de Pau à Marseille" (in French). lefrancofil.com. 27 August 2010.
- ^ "Victoria de Suède sur les pas de son aïeul" (in French). larepubliquedespyrenees.fr. 28 September 2010.
- ^ "Photo du Château Louvie, à Jurançon – Côté Est" (in French). J. Callizo, photographe (1909). Archived from the original on 2016-03-12.
- ^ Bulletin du Musée Bernadotte charts on ancestry
- Jean-Marc Olivier, "Bernadotte Revisited, or The Complexity of a Long Reign (1810–1844)", in Nordic Historical Review, number 2, October 2006, pp. 127–137.
External links
- Media related to House of Bernadotte at Wikimedia Commons
- The Bernadotte dynasty family tree on Kindo
- The Bernadottes in Black and White Archived 2016-07-18 at the Wayback Machine, photos from an exhibition at the Nationalmuseum, Stockholm.