Howard Saunders
Howard Saunders | |
---|---|
Born | London | 16 September 1835
Died | 20 October 1907 | (aged 72)
Nationality | English |
Known for | Gulls Terns |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Ornithology |
Howard Saunders (16 September 1835 – 20 October 1907) was a British businessman, who later in life became a noted
Life and work
Saunders was born in London on 16 September 1835. He received his early education at Leatherhead and Rottingdean. He entered business as a merchant banker, which allowed him to travel widely. From 1855 to 1862 he travelled in Brazil and Chile.
After 1862 Saunders devoted himself to the study of the
Saunders was an expert on gulls and terns. Among other duties, he wrote about the gull specimens from the Challenger expedition of 1872–1876.[2]
Saunders served as secretary of the
Ornithological publications
In 1869 his first article on the birds of Spain was published in
In 1872 he described a new species of green woodpecker, the Iberian green woodpecker, that inhibits the Iberian Peninsula. He called it Gecinus sharpii (now Picus sharpii), after the name of its discoverer, Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847-1909).[4]
In 1889 the first edition of the Illustrated Manual of British Birds was published.[5] It was issued in twenty parts in 1888 and 1889.[6] In The Zoologist of 1888 appeared a 'notice' about parts i-iv.[7]
Ten years later a second edition appeared.[8] The third edition was published twenty years after the death of Saunders and was revised and enlarged by William Eagle Clarke.[9]
Legacy
Two species of birds have been named after him:
Bibliography
- Saunders, Howard (1869). "Ornithological Rambles in Spain". The Ibis. New Series, Vol. V: 170–186. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- —— (6 February 1872). "On a new Species of Green Woodpecker from Southern Europe". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 153/4. Retrieved 19 February 2019.[10][11]
- —— (5 March 1872). "On the Occurrence of Falco barbarus and Cypselus pallidus on the Continent of Europe". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Retrieved 19 February 2019.[10]
- —— (January 1876). "On the Sterninae, or Terns, with Descriptions of three new Species". Journal of Zoology. 44 (1): 638–672. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1876.tb02598.x.; also published as. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 638–672. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
—— (20 June 1876). "On the Sterninae, or Terns, with Descriptions of three new Species" - Third and fourth (1885) editions of A History of British Birds
- —— (1889). Illustrated Manual of British Birds. London: Gurney and Jackson.
- 1899: 2nd ed., revised and enlarged, "with 384 illustrations and 3 coloured maps"
- 1927: 3rd ed.: "Manual of British Birds" by Howard Saunders; Third edition revised and enlarged by William Eagle Clarke, I.S.O., LL.D. London : Gurney and Jackson.
- ——; OCLC 316592486.
References
- ^ "SAUNDERS, Howard". Who's Who. Vol. 59. 1907. p. 1559.
- ^ "Howard Saunders, British ornithologist". Science Photo Library. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- ^ Saunders 1869.
- ^ Saunders 1872.
- ^ Saunders 1889.
- HathiTrust Digital Library.
- ^ notice in The Zoologist 1888, p. 317f.
- ^ Saunders 1899.
- ^ Saunders & Clarke 1927.
- ^ OL 25481944M).
- ^ This article first describes the Iberian green woodpecker (Picus sharpei).
- ^ The full title of the Illustrated Manual of British Birds was: "An Illustrated Manual of British Birds. By Howard Saunders, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c., editor of the third and fourth volumes of "Yarrell's History of British Birds," fourth edition. With illustrations of nearly every species." It was often shortly called "Saunders's Manual"
- ^ See e.g. review of 3rd ed. in British Birds
- ^ For the importance and popularity of the work see also:
Anker, Jean (2014). Bird Books and Bird Art: An Outline of the Literary History and Iconography of Descriptive Ornithology. Springer. p. 57. ISBN 978-94-011-7985-0. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^ The following digital copies of Saunders 1889 are online available:
HathiTrust Digital Library; see also this copyin HathiTrust Digital Library.
Sources
- "Howard Saunders". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 2004–2012. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- Mullens and Swann - A Bibliography of British Ornithology
- Ibis Jubilee Supplement
- Chapman, Abel (July 1908). "Howard Saunders" (PDF). British Birds. 1 (7): 197–202.
- Obituary