Howard Saunders

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Howard Saunders
Born(1835-09-16)16 September 1835
London
Died20 October 1907(1907-10-20) (aged 72)
NationalityEnglish
Known forGulls
Terns
Scientific career
FieldsOrnithology

Howard Saunders (16 September 1835 – 20 October 1907) was a British businessman, who later in life became a noted

terns
.

Life and work

Saunders was born in London on 16 September 1835. He received his early education at Leatherhead and Rottingdean. He entered business as a merchant banker, which allowed him to travel widely. From 1855 to 1862 he travelled in Brazil and Chile.

After 1862 Saunders devoted himself to the study of the

The Ibis, having visited the Pyrenees in 1883 and 1884. He also published articles on the birds of Switzerland in 1891, and an account of The Distribution of Birds in France in 1893. He was the co-editor with P. L. Sclater for The Ibis in 1883–1886 and 1895–1900.[1]

Saunders was an expert on gulls and terns. Among other duties, he wrote about the gull specimens from the Challenger expedition of 1872–1876.[2]

Saunders served as secretary of the

.

Ornithological publications

In 1869 his first article on the birds of Spain was published in

In 1872 he described a new species of green woodpecker, the Iberian green woodpecker, that inhibits the Iberian Peninsula. He called it Gecinus sharpii (now Picus sharpii), after the name of its discoverer, Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847-1909).[4]

In 1889 the first edition of the Illustrated Manual of British Birds was published.[5] It was issued in twenty parts in 1888 and 1889.[6] In The Zoologist of 1888 appeared a 'notice' about parts i-iv.[7]

Ten years later a second edition appeared.[8] The third edition was published twenty years after the death of Saunders and was revised and enlarged by William Eagle Clarke.[9]

Legacy

Two species of birds have been named after him:

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ "SAUNDERS, Howard". Who's Who. Vol. 59. 1907. p. 1559.
  2. ^ "Howard Saunders, British ornithologist". Science Photo Library. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  3. ^ Saunders 1869.
  4. ^ Saunders 1872.
  5. ^ Saunders 1889.
  6. HathiTrust Digital Library
    .
  7. ^ notice in The Zoologist 1888, p. 317f.
  8. ^ Saunders 1899.
  9. ^ Saunders & Clarke 1927.
  10. ^ ).
  11. ^ This article first describes the Iberian green woodpecker (Picus sharpei).
  12. ^ The full title of the Illustrated Manual of British Birds was: "An Illustrated Manual of British Birds. By Howard Saunders, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c., editor of the third and fourth volumes of "Yarrell's History of British Birds," fourth edition. With illustrations of nearly every species." It was often shortly called "Saunders's Manual"
  13. ^ See e.g. review of 3rd ed. in British Birds
  14. ^ For the importance and popularity of the work see also: Anker, Jean (2014). Bird Books and Bird Art: An Outline of the Literary History and Iconography of Descriptive Ornithology. Springer. p. 57. . Retrieved 19 February 2019.
  15. ^ The following digital copies of Saunders 1889 are online available:
    HathiTrust Digital Library; see also this copy
    in HathiTrust Digital Library.

Sources