Huancayo
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Huancayo | |
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Santísima Trinidad de Huancayo Holy Trinity of Huancayo | |
UTC-5 (PET) | |
Area code | 64 |
Website | www.munihuancayo.gob.pe |
Huancayo (Spanish pronunciation:
The Huanca people largely inhabited the area even before the Inca Empire.[3] They allied with the Spanish, notably Francisco Pizarro, to overthrow and conquest the Inca Empire.[4]
Geography
Huancayo is located in the
Climate
Huancayo has a
characterized by mild days, cold nights, and distinct wet and dry seasons.The total annual precipitation is 660 millimeters (26.0 inches). Huancayo receives the majority of its precipitation during the wet season, which spans from November to March. The dry season, from May to September, sees significantly reduced precipitation, with June and July being the driest months, receiving only around 5 mm of precipitation.[7]
Daytime temperatures are relatively constant throughout the year, with all months having average high temperatures close to 20 °C (68 °F). The dry season has significantly colder nights than the wet season, with temperatures regularly dropping to freezing, while low temperatures average above 6 °C (43 °F) during the wet season.[7]
Climate data for Huancayo (Santa Ana Experimental Agrarian Station) (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.4 (66.9) |
19.0 (66.2) |
18.9 (66.0) |
19.9 (67.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.5 (68.9) |
20.4 (68.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.7 (69.3) |
20.8 (69.4) |
21.4 (70.5) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.5 (43.7) |
6.7 (44.1) |
6.4 (43.5) |
4.5 (40.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
3.7 (38.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
5.4 (41.7) |
6.3 (43.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 107.4 (4.23) |
120.7 (4.75) |
96.2 (3.79) |
47.0 (1.85) |
12.5 (0.49) |
5.4 (0.21) |
5.5 (0.22) |
11.1 (0.44) |
30.4 (1.20) |
53.9 (2.12) |
67.0 (2.64) |
103.3 (4.07) |
660.4 (26.00) |
Source: NOAA[7] |
History
Pre-Columbian era
The area was originally inhabited by the
Colonial era
After the Spanish colonization in 1534, Huancayo was overshadowed by Jauja, a provisional capital of Peru, until Lima took over that role, as established by the conquistador Francisco Pizarro. In 1570, the
Republican era
During the war for independence, Huancayo was liberated on 20 November 1820. Construction on the cathedral commenced in 1831. The accord was made law in Huancayo in 1854, when Peru officially ended slavery. There is a statue in the Plaza Constitución commemorating this.
Recent situation
Today, in addition to its importance as a center of commerce, Huancayo is known for the crafts and the many festivals of the surrounding towns. Having rapidly expanded in recent decades, it has few remaining colonial buildings. Currently, the cityscape is dominated by modern construction.
The city's rise began with the construction of a central railway Callao-La Oroya in 1908 and later extended from Lima to Huancayo in the early 1930s. The railway connection between Lima and Huancayo, introduced new ways of transporting goods. The railway's new avenues for transport contributed to the city's economic and population growth. Population growth was mostly present in Tambo and Chilica, two suburban districts near the highways.[5] Furthermore, population growth between 1981 and 2007 was a result of in-migration due to terrorist attacks of Sendero Luminoso. People from highlands and amazonian lowlands sought refuge in Andean cities such as Huancayo.[citation needed]
Demographics
According to the National Census of 2007,
Municipalities of the city |
Area km2
|
Population censo 2007(hab) |
Population under 1 year-old Census 2007(hab) |
Households (2007) |
Density (inhabitants/km2) |
Elevation msnm | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chilca | 8,3 km2 | 77.392* | 1.358* | 17.509 | 9.324,33 | 3.275 msnm | |
El Tambo | 73,56 km2 | 146.847* | 2.365* | 36.982 | 1.996,28 | 3.260 msnm | |
Huancayo | 237,55 km2 | 112.054* | 1,789* | 27.552 | 471,70 | 3.249 msnm | |
Total | 319,41 km2 | 336.293* | 5.512* | 82.043 | 1.052,85 | — | |
*Data from the census taken by the INEI[9]
|
Transport
Huancayo has transportation connections by road and rail. The
Education
Local universities
- Universidad Nacional del Centro del Peru(UNCP)
- Universidad Peruana Los Andes(UPLA)
- Universidad Continental (UC)
- Universidad Franklin Roosevelt (UFR)
Branches of other Peruvian universities
- Universidad Alas Peruanas (UAP)
- Universidad Los Angeles de Chimbote (ULADECH)
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
- Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión (UNDAC)
- Universidad de Huanuco (UDH)
Language institutes
- Instituto Cultural Peruano Británico
- Instituto Cultural Peruano Norteamericano– Región Centro (ICPNA)
- Alianza Francesa de Huancayo (French Alliance, AF)
Notable people
- Damaris Mallma Porras (1986- ), Peruvian folk singer
- Josué Sánchez (1945- ), painter
- Rodolfo Cerrón Palomino (1940- ), linguist
- Víctor Alberto Gil Mallma (1930–1975), musician
- Juan Parra del Riego (1894–1925), poet
- Enrique Bernardo (1980–), tenor and pianist
See also
- Wanka (disambiguation)
- Plaza El Coliseo, bullfighting stadium
- Papa a la Huancaína(literally, Huancayo style potatoes), a Peruvian dish
References
- ^ Perú: Población estimada al 30 de junio y tasa de crecimiento de las ciudades capitales, por departamento, 2011 y 2015. Perú: Estimaciones y proyecciones de población total por sexo de las principales ciudades, 2012-2015 (Report). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. March 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
- ^ "1 de Junio: Fundación de la ciudad de Huancayo". noticias.laiglesiadejesucristo.org (in Spanish). 1 June 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
- ISBN 978-0-521-27555-2.
- ^ Cartwright, Mark (4 May 2014). "Wanka Civilization". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
- ^ .
- ^ "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data. 23 October 2023.
- ^ a b c "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020 – Santa Ana". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática, Perfil Sociodemográfico del Perú Archived 14 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine pp. 29–30, 32, 34.
- ^ Censo 2005 INEI Archived 23 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Trains, March 2009, p68
- ^ "Proyecto del Metro Wanka se queda sin vagones". Diario Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 October 2017.
External links
- (in Spanish) Official Portal Huancayo
- (in Spanish) Official Municipal website