Second Guangzhou Uprising

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Huanghuagang Uprising
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Second Guangzhou Uprising
Part of the
Xinhai Revolution

Yellow Flower Mound Park
and the Mausoleum of the 72 Martyrs
DateApril 27, 1911
Location
Guangzhou, Guangdong
, China
Result Qing victory
Belligerents
Tongmenghui  Qing dynasty
Commanders and leaders
Huang Xing Zhang Jianbo
Strength
120 Thousands
Casualties and losses
86
Second Guangzhou Uprising
Hanyu Pinyin
Huánghuāgǎng zhī Yì
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingWong4 Faa1 Gong1 zi1 Jik6
"72 Martyrs" redirects here. For the 2011 film, see 72 Heroes.

The Second Guangzhou (Canton) Uprising, known in Chinese as the Yellow Flower Mound Uprising or the Guangzhou Xinhai Uprising, was a failed uprising took place in China led by Huang Xing and his fellow revolutionaries against the Qing dynasty in Canton (Guangzhou). It is honored in Guangzhou's Yellow Flower Mound or Huanghuagang Park.

History

Fundraising in Ipoh of British Malaya for the uprising, c. 1911.

At this time

Straits Dollars $8,000 on the spot. The planning events are known as the 1910 Penang Conference. [1] Originally planned to occur on April 13, 1911, the preparations on April 8 did not go as planned, delaying the date to April 27.[2]

Huang Xing and nearly a hundred fellow revolutionaries forced their way into the residence of the

provinces. The uprising was initially successful but Qing reinforcements turned the battle into a catastrophic defeat. Most revolutionaries were killed, only few managed to escape. Huang Xing was wounded during the battle; he lost two of his fingers when his hand was hit by a bullet.[3] 86 bodies were found (but only 72 could be identified), and the bodies of yet many others were not found.[2][4]
The dead were mostly nationalistic, revolutionary youths with all kinds of social backgrounds – former students, teachers, journalists, and patriotic overseas Chinese. Some of them were of high rank in the Alliance. Before the battle, most of the revolutionaries knew that the battle would probably be lost, since they were heavily outnumbered, but they went into battle anyway. The mission was carried out like that of a suicide squad.[2] Their letters to their loved ones were later found.

Legacy

The dead were buried together in one grave on the Yellow Flower Mound, a mound near where they fought and died which has lent its name to the uprising.[2] After the Chinese revolution, a cemetery was built on the mound with the names of those 72 revolutionary nationalists. They were commemorated as the "72 martyrs."[2] Some historians believe that the uprising was a direct cause of the

Republic of China. Among the martyrs who sacrificed themselves was revolutionary Lin Chueh-min.[5]

Memorials

The uprising is remembered annually in Taiwan on March 29, as Youth Day.[6]

  • The Mausoleum of the 72 Martyrs, topped by the Statue of Liberty.
    The Mausoleum of the 72 Martyrs, topped by the Statue of Liberty.
  • Yellow Flower Mound Park.
    Yellow Flower Mound Park.

In popular culture

The 1980 film Magnificent 72 and the 2011 film 72 Heroes focus on the uprising. Events of the uprising open the 2011 film 1911.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Second Guangzhou Uprising.
  • Xinhai Revolution

References

  1. ISBN 978-983-42834-8-3
    . pp. 50, 62, 122.
  2. ^
    ISBN 962-8885-28-6
    . pp. 195–198.
  3. ^ 余世存. 名人传记:黄兴家族百年沧桑 (in Chinese). pp. 4–10.
  4. ^ "中國窗-香港商報電子報". Cnwnc.com. Retrieved 2011-10-12.[dead link]
  5. ISBN 978-0-313-37853-9
    . pp. 5–6.
  6. ^ "Youth Day". Government Information Office, ROC. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
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