Hugh Clapperton
Hugh Clapperton | |
---|---|
Annan, Dumfriesshire | |
Died | 13 April 1827 Sokoto | (aged 38)
Nationality | Scottish |
Known for | Exploration |
Parent(s) | George Clapperton, Margaret Johnstone |
Bain Hugh Clapperton (18 May 1788 – 13 April 1827) was a
Early career
Clapperton was born in
In 1814 Clapperton went to Canada, was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and to the command of a schooner on the Canadian lakes. In 1817, when the flotilla on the lakes was dismantled, he returned home on half-pay. In 1820 Clapperton removed to Edinburgh, where he made the acquaintance of Walter Oudney, who aroused his interest in African travel.[1]
African exploration
Lieutenant
On 17 February 1823, the party eventually reached Kuka (now
Immediately after his return to England, Clapperton was raised to the rank of commander, and sent out with another expedition to Africa, the sultan Bello of Sokoto having professed his eagerness to open up trade with the west coast. Clapperton came out on
Death
In July, Clapperton arrived at Kano and thence the
Legacy
Clapperton was the first European to make known from personal observation the Hausa states, which he visited soon after the establishment of the Sokoto Caliphate by the Fula. In 1829 the Journal of a Second Expedition into the Interior of Africa, &c., by Clapperton appeared posthumously, with a biographical sketch of the explorer by his uncle, Lieutenant-Colonel S. Clapperton, as a preface. Richard Lander, who had brought back the journal of his master, also published Records of Captain Clapperton's Last Expedition to Africa ... with the subsequent Adventures of the Author (2 volumes, London, 1830).[1]
Paintings and Engravings
Hugh Clapperton was painted in c 1817 by Sir
Works
- Clapperton, H. (1826). Difficult and Dangerous Roads – Travels in Sahara and Fezzan, 1822–1825. Eds. Bruce-Lockhart, J. & Wright, J. Sickle Moon Books, London. ISBN 978-1-900209-06-9
- Clapperton, Hugh; Lander, Richard (1829). Journal of a second expedition into the interior of Africa, from the Bight of Benin to Soccatoo by the late Commander Clapperton of the Royal Navy to which is added The Journal of Richard Lander from Kano to the Sea-Coast Partly by a More Easterly Route. London: John Murray.
- Denham, Dixon; Clapperton, Hugh; Oudney, Walter (1826). Narrative of Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa: In the Years 1822, 1823, and 1824 (2 volumes). London: John Murray. Scans: Volume 1, Volume 2
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Salak, Kira. "National Geographic article about Libya". National Geographic Adventure.
- ^ Bovill, E. W. (ed.) (1966). Missions to the Niger. Vols. II – IV. The Bornu Mission, 1822–25. Cambridge University Press.
- ^ "Oudney, Dr, Walter". The annual biography and obituary for the year 1825. Vol. 9. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. 1825. pp. 446–447.
- ISBN 978-0-06-056064-5.
- ^ http://www.historicalportraits.com/Gallery.asp? Page=Item&ItemID=109&Desc=Commander-Hugh-Clapperton-|-Sir-Henry-Raeburn-PRSA Historical portraits by Philip Mould
- ^ https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/2127/captain-hugh-clapperton-1788-1827-african-explorer Portrait of Hugh Clapperton , National Gallery
- ^ The London Literary Gazette and Journal of Belles Lettres, page 778, 1828)
- ^ International Plant Names Index. Clapperton.
Further reading
- James R. Bruce-Lockhart, Clapperton in Borno: Journals of the Travels in Borno of Lieutenant Hugh Clapperton RN, from January 1823 to September 1824 (Cologne, 1996)
- James R. Bruce-Lockhart, John Wright, Difficult and Dangerous Roads: Hugh Clapperton's Travels in Sahara and Fezzan 1822–1825 (London: Sickle Moon Books, 2000)
Attribution:
- public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Clapperton, Hugh". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 423. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the