Human red cell antigens
In addition to the defined
Blood group collections
These three groups are antigens with shared characteristics but do not meet the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) definition of a human blood group system. Further research may identify them as blood group systems.
This antibody is associated with WBC. It is associated more with tissue antibodies than red blood cells. It has not been associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia of the fetus. However, it does cause difficulty in the blood bank because it makes it more difficult to cross match blood for transfusions.
Cost
The Knops blood group system was formerly part of this collection. All that remains are the Csa and Csb antigens. Csa is a very high frequency (>98%) antigen and Csb is not uncommon (~34%).
Er
The Er collection includes one high incidence (>99%) antigen, Era and one (<1%) rare antigen, Erb.
Vel
The Vel collection includes the high incidence Vel and ABTI antigens. Antibodies to Vel have been implicated in
Other high-incidence antigens
These antigens are almost universally present on human red cells, but their absence has been noted in some individuals and some have been associated with
- AnWj Antigen: the receptor for hemolytic transfusion reactions.
Other low incidence antigens
These antigens are extremely rare and are of little concern in selecting compatible units for transfusion. They may be implicated in rare cases of hemolytic disease of the newborn, however.
- Batty (By)
- Biles (Bi)
- Box (Bxa)
- Christiansen (Chra)
- HJK
- HOFM
- JFV
- JONES
- Jensen (Jea)
- Katagiri (Kg)
- Livesay (Lia)
- Milne
- Oldeide (Ola)
- Peters (Pta)
- Rasmussen (RASM)
- Reid (Rea)
- REIT
- SARA
- Torkildsen (Toa)
- Bg (Bennett-Goodspeed): These are actually erythrocytes.
References
- Mark E. Brecher, Editor (2005), AABB Technical Manual, 15th edition, Bethesda, MD: AABB, ISBN 1-56395-196-7, p. 355