Hundred Days' War
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Hundred Days War | |
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Part of the East Beirut, Lebanon | |
Result |
Ceasefire
|
Mustafa Tlass
The Hundred Days War (
Background
In January 1976, the
The hundred days' war
July 1978
After a series of bomb attacks that rocked Beirut on early July 1978, the ADF stepped up its security measures by increasing the number of patrols and checkpoints in the streets. On the 7th, Lebanese soldiers belonging to the
The next day, Syrian ADF infantry units backed by artillery surrounded and bombarded the AFL fortified barracks, setting part of the complex on fire.
Kataeb Regulatory Forces 'Commando' troops under the command of Bachir Gemayel and the Tigers Militia led by Dany Chamoun were drawn into the action against the Syrians. That afternoon the Syrian Army shelled Achrafieh and attacked the Tigers' HQ, located at the Sodeco quarter in Achrafieh. The fighting soon spread to east of Beirut and Mount Lebanon. The Syrians took some high-rise buildings such as the Burj Rizk in Achrafieh and the Burj El-Murr using snipers and heavy weapons against civilians. The soldiers stayed for 90 days.
Another major clash took place near the Sodeco area in Achrafieh where the Christian militias fought ferociously and drove the Syrians out of the Rizk Building.[6] This threatened the 4th Mechanized brigade of encirclement and capture by the Maronite militias.[6]
September 1978
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October 1978
In October, rightist leaders accused the ADF of bias when it intervened to contain the clashes across the Green Line between the Christian-held Ain el-Rammaneh and Muslim-held Chyah districts of Beirut.
Consequences
However, the LF attack on the pro-Syrian
See also
- Army of Free Lebanon
- Battle of the Hotels
- Lebanese Civil War
- Lebanese Forces
- Lebanese Front
- List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War
References
- ^ Randal, Going All the Way (2012), pp. 109–155.
- ^ Middle East Report (MER), 31 January 1981, pp. 9–11.
- ^ Middle East Report (MER), 20 June 1981, pp. 13–17.
- ^ Lewis W. Snider, "The Lebanese Forces: Wartime Origins and Political Significance," Middle East Journal 38, 4 (Winter 1984).
- ^ Rabinovich, The war for Lebanon (1989), p. 71.
- ^ a b "- YouTube". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2016-03-16.
- ^ Text of the Beit ed-Dine declaration in Middle East Report (MER), October 21, 1978, pp. 17–18.
Bibliography
- ISBN 0333729757
- ISBN 978-0801493133
- Joseph Hokayem, L'armée libanaise pendant la guerre: un instrument du pouvoir du président de la République (1975–1985), Lulu.com, Beyrouth 2012.
- Jonathan Randall, Going All the Way: Christian Warlords, Israeli Adventurers and the War in Lebanon, Just World Books 2012. ISBN 978-1935982166
- Moustafa El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks, Blue Steel books, Sidon 2008. ISBN 9953-0-1256-8
- Rex Brynen, Sanctuary and Survival: the PLO in Lebanon, Boulder: Westview Press, Oxford 1990.
- Paul Jureidini, R. D. McLaurin, and James Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas, 1975–1978, Aberdeen, MD: U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Technical Memorandum 11-79, June 1979.
- Samer Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon, Beirut: Elite Group, 2003. ISBN 9953007055
- Samer Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon 1975–1981, Trebia Publishing, Chyah 2012. ISBN 978-9953023724