Hurricane Lane (2018)
Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | August 15, 2018 |
Remnant low | August 28, 2018 |
Dissipated | August 29, 2018 |
Category 5 major hurricane | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS) | |
Highest winds | 160 mph (260 km/h) |
Lowest pressure | 926 mbar (hPa); 27.34 inHg |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | 1 total |
Economic losses | $250 million |
Areas affected | Hawaii |
IBTrACS / [1] | |
Part of the 2018 Pacific hurricane season |
Hurricane Lane was a powerful
Lane prompted the issuance of
Meteorological history
On July 31, 2018, a
Favorable environmental conditions, including warm sea surface temperatures averaging 81.5–82.4 °F (27.5–28 °C) and low wind shear, fostered intensification.[1][5][6] From August 16 to 18, Lane underwent rapid intensification.[1] A defined inner-core with symmetrical outflow aloft organized by August 17, and microwave satellite imagery showed an eye at the lower levels of the cyclone. This marked its intensification to a hurricane, with winds exceeding 74 mph (119 km/h).[6] By the morning of August 18, the storm displayed a well-defined 17 mi (27 km) wide eye surrounded by very deep convection.[7][8] Around 12:00 UTC that day, Lane reached its initial peak intensity with winds of 140 mph (225 km/h), approximately 1,810 mi (2,915 km) southwest of Baja California Sur. This ranked it as a Category 4 on the Saffir–Simpson scale.[1]
Early on August 19, the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC)
At its peak on August 22, Hurricane Lane was roughly 320 mi (515 km) southeast of
Preparations
Hurricane Lane was the most powerful storm to threaten Hawaii since Hurricane Iniki in 1992.[29] On August 21–22, as Lane approached the Hawaiian Islands, hurricane watches and warnings were issued for Maui County, Hawaii County, Oahu, and Kauai County. Uncertainty in how close the hurricane would approach led to watches and warnings covering a broad area. Increased forecaster confidence on August 24 led to a reduction in the extent of warnings. Degradation of the cyclone and its concurrent turn away from Hawaii on August 25–26 prompted the cessation of watches and warnings.[1]
All school districts statewide closed between August 22 and 24, and all non-essential state employees on the Big Island and Maui were told to stay home on those days. Hawaiian Airlines waived change fees for all tickets involving Hawaii from August 21–26.[30] American Airlines, Hawaiian Airlines, and United Airlines cancelled more than two dozen domestic and international flights at Honolulu International Airport, Hilo International Airport, Kahului Airport, and Lihue Airport.[31] All commercial harbors in Hilo and Kawaihae suspended operations on August 23.[32] Numerous state parks and hiking trails closed under the threat of flooding and landslides.[33]
On August 22, the United States
Impact
Hurricane Lane produced record-breaking rain across the Hawaiian Islands. The resulting floods and landslides caused extensive damage and one fatality.[1][41] More than 3,000 insurance claims for damage were made statewide and total economic losses exceeded $250 million.[42]
The Big Island
Although Hurricane Lane remained west of the Big Island, tremendous amounts of rain battered eastern areas of the island from August 22 to 26.
Flooding closed numerous roads island-wide, including portions of Route 11 and 19 along the
Maui and Molokaʻi
Prior to Lane's arrival in Maui, western areas of the island were suffering from a
Precipitation across Maui predominantly fell on August 25,
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu
Torrential precipitation fell across
The same rainbands that affected Kauaʻi reached
Aftermath
Volunteers from All Hands and Hearts, Team Rubicon, and Southern Baptist Disaster Relief helped residents clean flood damage and remove mold.[77] On August 29, the Central Pacific Bank announced a new disaster loan program that would provide $1,000–10,000 to eligible applicants.[61] Officials advised residents to stay out of coastal waters between Hāmākua Coast and Laupāhoehoe along the Big Island on September 4 due to runoff and sewage spills in Hilo Bay.[78][79] President Trump signed a disaster declaration on September 27 for all counties except Honolulu, enabling the distribution of federal funding. FEMA ultimately provided roughly $10 million in public assistance.[80] Foodland Hawaii and Western Union provided up to $40,000 to the American Red Cross of Hawaii.[81] Bloodworks Northwest dispatched blood to Hawaii following the storm.[82]
Power restoration was initially complicated by debris-covered roads and burned areas made off-limits. The Maui Electric Company contracted workers from the Hawaiian Electric Company to expedite repairs. Six poles providing electricity to Lahaina needed to be replaced.[58] The Hawaii County Council reallocated $10 million from its budget toward repairing county facilities. Repair costs for damaged roads and bridges across eastern areas of the island reached an estimated $35 million.[83] Five sections of embankments along the Belt Road needed to be reinforced with masonry. One landslide near Papaikou prompted the creation of a mechanically stabilized wall. Crews also stabilized the foundation of the Kapue Bridge. Excessive rainfall runoff damaged drainage systems along Route 200. Rehabilitation of damaged roads was completed in April 2019.[84]
In Maui, the fires proved to be the most damaging consequence of the hurricane. On August 30 the Maui County Federal Credit Union opened disaster relief programs to fire victims in Lahaina.
The combination of Kīlauea's eruption and Hurricane Lane negatively impacted tourism. Although visitor numbers were up from 2017, continuing a long-term trend, the 1.4 percent increase was the lowest since May 2016.[88] In Maui, hotel occupancy fell 4.1 percent and overall visitor spending fell 2.6 percent during August 2018 compared to August 2017.[88][89] The island's tourism returned to normal levels by the start of September.[90]
In January 2019, at least 11 people were still homeless on Hawaii's Big Island as a result of Lane.[91] The United States and Hawaii County governments provided $3,075,000 and $1,025,000, respectively, in April 2019 for the repair of the Piʻihonua Levee, which was breached by the storm.[92] A water quality buoy offshore Hilo, which had vanished during the storm, was redeployed in July 2019.[93] The United States Congress allocated $1,195,089.75 to Hawai‘i County on June 11, 2020, for the repair of the Laupahoehoe Gulch Bridge along the Mamalahoa Highway in Hāmākua.[94] Likewise, FEMA granted $2,246,668.50 in aid on November 24, 2020, for the repair of a damaged section of the Old Mamalahoa Highway.[95] Around $1.5 million in FEMA funds were allocated for the repair of the Waianuenue Avenue Bridge.[96] The Hawaii County Department of Public Works announced in September 2021 that it would begin the construction of a temporary bridge over the Makea Stream.[97][98] The bridge was opened to traffic on January 8, 2022.[99][100] Repair work for the Kolekole Bridge began in September 2021,[101] and is currently ongoing.[102]
Following Hurricane Lane and several other disasters, the city of Honolulu developed a plan to build a new emergency operations center in anticipation of more severe natural disasters. The project's cost is estimated at $38.6 million and construction is slated to commence in October 2022.[103]
See also
- Other tropical cyclones with the same name
- Timeline of the 2018 Pacific hurricane season
- List of Hawaii hurricanes
- Hurricane Nina (1957) – A hurricane that threatened to make landfall in Kauai, causing significant damage and four deaths, before turning westward out to sea
- Hurricane Dot (1959) – A hurricane that passed south of the Big Island, before curving to the northwest and making landfall in Kauai
- Hurricane Iniki (1992) – A hurricane that became the most costly to hit Hawaii, making landfall in Kauai as a Category 4
- Hurricane Walaka (2018) – Another Category 5 hurricane that formed a month after Lane
- Hurricane Douglas (2020) – A hurricane that passed just north of the Hawaiian Islands two years after Lane
- 2018 Hawaii floods – A flooding event that had affected Hawaii in April
Notes
- ^ All winds are one-minute sustained unless otherwise noted.
- ^ All monetary values are in 2018 United States dollars unless otherwise noted.
- Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the northeast Pacific Ocean from the coast of Central America west until 140°W.[3]
- ^ The Central Pacific Hurricane Center is the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the central Pacific Ocean between 140°W and 180°.[3]
References
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External links
- The National Hurricane Center's advisory archive on Hurricane Lane
- The Central Pacific Hurricane Center's advisory archive on Hurricane Lane
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Weather Service.