Hyllarima
Ὑλλάριμα (in Ancient Greek) | |
Location | Kapraklar, Muğla Province, Turkey |
---|---|
Region | Caria |
Coordinates | 37°30′18″N 28°20′58″E / 37.505071°N 28.34938°E |
Hyllarima (
Name
The settlement's name appears in Greek sources as Hyllarima (
The Carian name of Hyllarima is attested as yλarmi- in an inscribed list of "priests of the gods of Hyllarima", qmoλš msoτ yλarmiτ (ʘ𐊪𐊫𐊣𐤭 𐊪𐊰𐊫𐋇 𐊤𐊣𐊠𐊪𐊹𐋇).[8] The form yλarmiτ is inflected, resulting in the syncope of the original medial vowel /i/ which survives in the Greek form.[9]
The archaic form of Hyllarima might be Wallarima, which is attested in
It is thought that the otherwise-unknown toponym Kaprima (
History
If Wallarima is an early mention of Hyllarima, the community may have existed as early as the 14th century BCE.[10] Excavations have shown that the community moved from one fortified hilltop settlement (modern Asarcıktepe) to another nearby (modern Kapraklar) sometime in the 4th century BCE.[14][12]
The political history of Hyllarima is poorly known before the
Because Philip III Arrhidaeus was only king in name, Hyllarima was probably under the control of
Hyllarima fell under
Excavations
The site was excavated by a joint French-Turkish team led by Pierre Debord and Ender Varinlioğlu from 1997. Their findings were published in 2018.[12]
The main theatre, built in the 2nd–1st centuries BCE, suggests that the town had a maximum population of approximately 1,500 at the time.[19] It is still visible today.[4]
References
- S2CID 163387467.
- ^ a b Adiego, Ignasi-Xavier; Debord, Pierre; Varinlioğlu, Ender. "La Stèle Caro-Grecque d'Hyllarima (Carie)". Revue des études anciennes. 107 (2): 501–653.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9.
- ^ a b Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
- ^ a b Laumonier, Alfred (1958). Les cultes indigènes en Carie. Paris: E. de Boccard.
- ^ Hyllarima (Caria)
- ^ Laumonier, Alfred (1958). Les cultes indigènes en Carie. Paris: E. de Boccard.
- ^ ISBN 9788491683759.
- ISBN 9789004152816.
- ^ a b Jewell, Elizabeth Ruth (1974). The Archaeology and History of Western Anatolia During the Second Millennium, BCE (PhD). University of Pennsylvania. p. 267.
- ^ Diodorus. Bibliotheca historica. 19.68.5.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ ISBN 9782356132123.
- ISBN 9789004152816.
- ^ Carbon, Jan-Mathieu (2012). Mixobarbaroi: Epigraphical Aspects of Religion in Karia (6th-1st centuries BCE) (PhD). University of Oxford. pp. 154–156.
- ^ Diodorus. Bibliotheca historica. 19.75.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location (link) - .
- ^ Roos, Paavo (1975). "Alte und neue Inschriftenfunde aus Zentralkarien". Mitteilungen des deutschen archäologischen Instituts. 25: 339–341.
- ^ Catholic Hierarchy
- ^ Carbon, Jan-Mathieu (2012). Mixobarbaroi: Epigraphical Aspects of Religion in Karia (6th-1st centuries BCE) (PhD). University of Oxford. p. 155.