Hypaepa

Coordinates: 38°13′52″N 27°58′19″E / 38.23111°N 27.97194°E / 38.23111; 27.97194
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the insect genus, see Hypaepa (planthopper).
Hypaepa
Hypaepa is located in Turkey
Hypaepa
Hypaepa
Coordinates: 38°13′52″N 27°58′19″E / 38.23111°N 27.97194°E / 38.23111; 27.97194
CountryTurkey
Provinceİzmir
Hypaepa among the cities of Lydia (ca. 50 AD)

Hypaepa or Hypaipa (

ancient Lydia, near the north bank of the Cayster River, and 42 miles from Ephesus, Ephesus[2][3] and remains a Latin Catholic titular see
.

Name and location

Its name was derived from its situation at the foot of Mount Aipos,[further explanation needed] itself a southern foothill of Mount Tmolus,[4]

Its location was identified by the Frenchmen Cousinéry and Texier and confirmed by the excavations carried out by Demostene Baltazzi on behalf of the

vilayet of Smyrna), 4 kilometres northwest of the town of Ödemiş.[4]

Its position looking towards the plain of

Caystrus, was a strategic one on the route between Sardis and Ephesus.[4]

History

Roman Emperor Tiberius (AD 14-37) it was selection as a candidate for the location of a temple dedicated to worship of the Emperor, but was rejected as being too insignificant.[4]

In fact, the Roman poet Ovid contrasted the great city of Sardis with what he called "little Hypaepa": Sardibus hinc, illinc parvis finitur Hypaepis.[5]

Coinage of Hypaepa of the 3rd century AD are extant,

Emperor Gallienus
.

To judge by the number of Byzantine churches that it contained, Hypaepa flourished under the Byzantine Empire.[4]

Mythology and pre-christian religion

The women of Hypaepa were reputed to have received from the mythological Aphrodite the gift of beauty of form and dancing[6] Ovid placed at Hypaepa the home of Arachne before she was turned into a spider.[7]

The

Persian goddess Anahita, identified with Artemis and therefore called Artemis Anaitis or Persian Artemis, was worshipped at Hypaepa, which had been part of the Achaemenid Empire. However, under the Roman Empire the priests of the temple bore Greek names, not Persian.[4][6]

Pausanias mentions a rite performed in Hypaepa, in which wood was set alight apparently by magic.[8]

There was a temple of Priapus at the city.[9]

An inscription from the synagogue of Sardis mentions a benefactor who was a member of the council of Hypaepa, indicating the presence there of a Jewish community.[4]

Ecclesiastical history

Bishopric

Hypaepa was an

Asia Prima
. It remained active until the 13th century.

Under

Metropolitan see.[6]

Patriarch Germanus II (Revue des études grecques, 1894, VII).[6]

Titular see

The Latin diocese was nominally restored as

titular bishopric
around 1900 as Hipæpa (Curiate Italian Ipæpa) and renamed Hypæpa in 1933.

It is vacant since decades, having had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :

  • Edward Gilpin Bagshawe,
    Seleucia Trachea
    (1904.01.17 – 1915.02.06)
  • Augustin Henninghaus (韓寧鎬),
    Divine Word Missionaries
    (S.V.D.) (1904.08.07 – 1939.07.20)
  • Raymond Aloysius Lane (林化東),
    Maryknoll Fathers
    (M.M.) (1940.02.13 – 1946.04.11)

References

  1. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) William Smith
  2. ^ a b William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854)
  3. ^ Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Encyclopedia of the Hellenic World, "Ύπαιπα (Αρχαιότητα)
  5. ^ Ovid, Metamophoses, 11.146, l. 152; English verse translation
  6. ^ a b c d Sophrone Pétridès, "Hypaepa" in Catholic Encyclopedia (New York 1910)
  7. ^ Ovid, Metamorphoses, VI
  8. ^ Pausanias V 27:5-6 text at Perseus
  9. ^ Petronius, Satyricon, §133

Sencan Altınoluk, Hypaipa. A Lydian City During the Roman Imperial Period, Istanbul, 2013.

Sources and external links

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