IRX3
IRX3 | |||
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Identifiers | |||
Gene ontology | |||
Molecular function | |||
Cellular component | |||
Biological process |
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Sources:Amigo / QuickGO |
Ensembl | |||||||||
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UniProt | |||||||||
RefSeq (mRNA) | |||||||||
RefSeq (protein) | |||||||||
Location (UCSC) | Chr 16: 54.28 – 54.29 Mb | Chr 8: 92.53 – 92.53 Mb | |||||||
PubMed search | [3] | [4] |
View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
Iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-3, also known as Iroquois homeobox protein 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRX3 gene.[5]
Discovery and name
The Iroquois family of genes was discovered in Drosophila during a mutagenesis experiment designed to identify genes that affected the development of external sensory organs. When genes of this family were knocked out, the Drosophila flies expressed a unique patterning of bristles reminiscent of Iroquois American Indians, they were subsequently named after them.[6] The molecular characteristics of these genes allowed the identification of homologs in C. elegans and several other vertebrates.[7]
Function
IRX3 is a member of the Iroquois homeobox gene family and plays a role in an early step of neural development.[8] Members of this family appear to play multiple roles during pattern formation of vertebrate embryos.[5][9] Specifically, IRX3 contributes to pattern formation in the spinal cord where it translates a morphogen gradient into transcriptional events, and is directly regulated by NKX2-2.[10] The Irx3 gene controls the subdivision of the neural territory by working together with various other homeodomain factors, all of these factors are expressed in partially overlapping domains along the dorsoventral axis in response to
Clinical significance
Association with obesity
Obesity-associated noncoding sequences within
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177508 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031734 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: iroquois homeobox 3".
- ^ Chaudière, C Dambly; Leyns, L (1992). "The determination of sense organs in Drosophila: a search for interacting genes". The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 36 (85–91).
- PMID 11532909.
- PMID 9427753.
- S2CID 37046813.
- PMID 25398016.
- PMID 11532909.
- PMID 24646999.
- PMID 26287746.
- Jessica Bartlett (20 August 2015). "MIT, Harvard find 'master switch' behind obesity". Boston Business Journal.
- Jessica Bartlett (20 August 2015). "MIT, Harvard find 'master switch' behind obesity".
- S2CID 19868664.
Further reading
- Trynka G, Zhernakova A, Romanos J, Franke L, Hunt KA, Turner G, et al. (Aug 2009). "Coeliac disease-associated risk variants in TNFAIP3 and REL implicate altered NF-kappaB signalling". Gut. 58 (8): 1078–83. S2CID 17111427.
- Ragvin A, Moro E, Fredman D, Navratilova P, Drivenes Ø, Engström PG, et al. (Jan 2010). "Long-range gene regulation links genomic type 2 diabetes and obesity risk regions to HHEX, SOX4, and IRX3". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (2): 775–80. PMID 20080751.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.