Idrieus

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Idrieus
Persian Empire
(modern-day Bodrum, Muğla, Turkey)
ConsortAda
HouseHecatomnids
FatherHecatomnus
Dynasts of Caria
)
c. 395–377 BCE Hecatomnus
c. 377–353 BCE Mausolus
c. 353–351 BCE Artemisia II
c. 351–344 BCE Idrieus
c. 344–340 BCE Ada
c. 340–335 BCE Pixodarus
c. 335–334 BCE Orontobates
c. 334–326 BCE Ada
Achaemenid coinage of Caria during the reign of Idrieus. Circa 350-341 BC.[2]
Tomb of Idrieus in Labraunda (present day Turkey)

Idrieus, or Hidrieus (

dynast by virtue of the powerful position he inherited from his predecessors of the House of Hecatomnus (the Hecatomnids
).

Biography

Idrieus was the second son of Hecatomnus, and was married to his sister Ada.[3] Alongside Ada, he succeeded to the throne on the death of his sister Artemisia II of Caria in 351 BC.

Shortly after his accession he was required by the Persian king, Artaxerxes III Ochus, to provide arms and troops for the capture of Cyprus, a request with which he readily complied. He equipped a fleet of 40 triremes and assembled an army of 8000 mercenary troops. These were despatched for use against Cyprus under the command of Evagoras and the Athenian general Phocion. This is the only recorded event preserved from his reign. However; it can be inferred from Isocrates that by 346 BC[4] the friendly relations between Idrieus and the Persian king had not continued and there appears to have been open hostility between the two.

But the hostility of Persia did not interfere with Caria's prosperity, for in the same passage by Isocrates, Idrieus is described as one of the most wealthy and powerful of the princes of Asia and Demosthenes advises [5] that Idrieus had added the important islands of Chios, Cos, and Rhodes to his hereditary dominions.

Idrieus was an active builder, as attested in

Ancient Greek: Ιδριεὺς Ἑκατόμνω Μυλασεὺς) in his inscribed dedications, emphasising his local roots. Some of these dedications may therefore have predated his reign as satrap; it has been theorised that Idrieus and Ada used the so-called 'Andron A' at Labraunda as a palace while Mausolus and Artemisia II were still alive.[7]

Idrieus died of a disease in 344 BC, after a reign of seven years, and was succeeded by his sister and wife Ada.

Miletos in Caria.[9][10] A remarkable Carian language inscription from Sinuri records a joint edict in both their names: 'Idrieus (son) of Hecatomnus and Ada (daughter) of Hecatomnus', [id]ryin k̂tmñoś sb ada k̂tmñoś ([𐤧𐊢]𐋈𐤧𐊵 𐊴𐊭𐊪𐊳𐊫𐊸 𐊰𐊩 𐊠𐊢𐊠 𐊴𐊭𐊪𐊳𐊫𐊸).[11][12][13][14][15]

References

Notes

  1. ^ "Ex von Aulock Collection". Classical Numismatic Group (CNG). 2007.
  2. ^ Precise date of 341-334 BC according to Meadows CNG: CARIA, Achaemenid Period. Circa 350-334 BC. AR Tetradrachm (15.07 g, 12h). Struck circa 341-334 BC.
  3. S2CID 170273543
    . Hecatomnus had several children, all of whom would rule at some point following his death. After his eldest son Mausolus, his other children were Artemisia, Idrieus, Ada, and Pixodarus. The children of Hecatomnus practiced monogamous sibling marriage, with Mausolus marrying Artemisia and Idrieus marrying Ada.
  4. ^ Isocrates, Speeches and Letters, "To Philip", 102
  5. ^ Demosthenes, Speeches, "On the Peace", 25
  6. ^ Crampa, Jonas (1972). Labraunda. Swedish Excavations and Researches, III,2. The Greek Inscriptions 13-133. Stockholm: Svenska Institutet i Athen.
  7. ISBN 978377493632-4
    .
  8. Anabasis Alexandri, i. 23
  9. S2CID 162235783
    .
  10. ISBN 9781789255102
    .
  11. S2CID 162364677
    .
  12. S2CID 163024969
    .
  13. S2CID 162845276
    .
  14. ISBN 9789004152816
    .
  15. ^ Simon, Zsolt (2020). "The Carian verb (i)mδa". Res Antiquae. 17: 399–412.

External links

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Idrieus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.

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