Ikurriña
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Ikurriña Ikurrina | |
Use | Civil and state flag |
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Proportion | 14:25 |
Adopted | 19 October 1936 18 December 1978 |
Design | A red field with the white central cross that extends to the edges of the flag superimposed on the green diagonal cross that extends to the corners of the flag. |
Designed by | Luis Arana and Sabino Arana |
The ikurrina flag (in
Terminology
The name is a
Design
Similar in pattern to the
The red ground symbolizes the Biscayne people, the green saltire might represent the
History
The flag was designed in 1894 to represent the province of
Since the Basque people had accepted the "ikurriña", at the suggestion of the socialist counselor Aznar, the Basque Government adopted it as the flag of the Basque Autonomous Region in 1936. This flag was used as the
In 1938, after the military defeat of the Basque Government, the regime of General Franco prohibited this flag – although it continued to be used in
In 1976, during a derby match between Athletic Club Bilbao and Real Sociedad, players from both teams united to sneak in and display the illegal Basque flag, Ikurrina, at Atotxa Stadium. The act was successful, as the authorities took no action, and it became a significant step towards the legalization of the flag.[5]
The Basque flag was legalised again in 1977 during the Spanish transition to democracy. Two years later, the Basque Government adopted it as the flag of the Basque autonomous community. It is also used as an unofficial flag for some sectors of Basque society in other provinces.
Gallery
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A Basque flag.
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Original design of Arana-Goiri brothers of Basque Flag or Ikurrina, 1894.
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Initial design of the Ikurriña.
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Original proposed flag to represent the entire Basque Country.
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The Basque left-wing nationalist party Herri Batasuna used a logo inspired by the Ikurriña.
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Riders with the Flag of Navarre, ikurrina and the Arrano beltza.
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Parade in Abadiño, Biscay.
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Ikurrina, Biarritz Olympique Pays Basque, 2009.
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Mauleon SA rugby team.
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Castle of Mauléon-Licharre. 2017.
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Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, 4 flags in the Town Hall.
See also
- The Basque leftist nationalistsbesides Ikurriña.
- The flag of Navarre is also used by a sector of nationalism that considers the kingdom of Navarre as a precedent of a future Basque state. The three flags can be found side by side on some events.
- The modern Saint Pierre et Miquelon(French North America) recognizes its Basque heritage by including an ikurriña.
- Religion in national symbols
- Basque people
- Coat of arms of Basque Country (autonomous community)
- Zazpiak Bat
- Politics and sports
References
- Apuntes para la historia del nacionalismo vasco: las banderas de los ex-Estados históricos vascos o regiones autónomas[permanent dead link], Luis de Arana Goiri, 1930. Scanned pages of a typewritten manuscript.
- Basque Country (Spain) at Flags of the World
- ^ a b Euskaltzaindia: Dictionary of the Standard Basque Archived 2011-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ Real Academia Española (2001): «ikurriña», Diccionario de la Lengua Española, 22nd edition, available online. Retrieved 2014-03-30.
- ^ La Marina de Guerra Auxiliar de Euzkadi 1936-1937
- ^ Willis, Craig; Hughes, Will; Bober, Sergiusz. "ECMI Minorities Blog. National and Linguistic Minorities in the Context of Professional Football across Europe: Five Examples from Non-kin State Situations". ECMI. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ The Basque Flag (Ikurrina) – A Brief History
External links
- www.ikurrinamunduan.com Photographs in which the Ikurriña appears outside the borders of Euskal Herria.
- The French regiment des Cars used a similar flag in the 18th century.