Impaired fasting glucose
Impaired fasting glucose | |
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Other names | Impaired fasting glycemia, IFG |
The fluctuation of blood sugar (red) and the sugar-lowering hormone insulin (blue) in humans during the course of a day with three meals. One of the effects of a sugar-rich vs a starch-rich meal is highlighted.[1] |
Impaired fasting glucose is a type of
Those with impaired fasting glucose are at an increased risk of
IFG can eventually progress to
Impaired fasting glucose is often, though not always, associated with
Signs and symptoms
Impaired fasting glucose is often without any
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination, especially waking up in the night to urinate
- Tiredness and fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Slow healing of wounds
- Altered sensation, such as numbness or tingling, particularly of the hands and feet
- Recurrent, and difficult to clear infections, particularly of the urinary tract
Risk factors
As impaired fasting glucose is considered a precursor condition for type 2 diabetes, it shares the same environmental and genetic
Diagnosis
Different organisations use slightly differing levels before classifying a person's fasting blood glucose as "impaired", with the American Diabetes Association using a lower cutoff in its criteria than the World Health Organization. The upper limits remain the same, as fasting levels above this are almost universally accepted as indicative of full diabetes:
- WHO criteria: fasting plasma glucose level from 6.1 mmol/L (110 mg/dL) to 6.9 mmol/L (125 mg/dL).[5][6][7]
- ADA criteria: fasting plasma glucose level from 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) to 6.9 mmol/L (125 mg/dL).
Prevention
The guidelines for preventing impaired fasting glucose are the same as those given for preventing type 2 diabetes in general. If these are adhered to, the
Management
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References
- PMID 9625092.
- ^ Thompson, Janice; Manore, Melinda; Sheeshka, Judy (2010), Nutrition a functional approach, Toronto, Ontaria: Pearson Canada, pp. 141–44
- PMID 17259486.
- ^ Mayo Clinic Diabetes: "Prediabetes". [1]. Accessed Jan. 27, 2009.
- ^ .World Health Organization. "Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications: Report of a WHO Consultation. Part 1. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus". Retrieved 2007-05-29.
- PMID 15618111.
- ^ "Impaired Fasting Glycemia (IFG) - Impaired Fasting Glucose".