Incisive foramen
Incisive foramen | |
---|---|
Details | |
Part of | hard palate |
Identifiers | |
Latin | foramen incisivum |
TA98 | A02.1.00.060 |
TA2 | 464 |
FMA | 57737 75305, 57737 |
Anatomical terms of bone |
In the
The incisive foramen is used as an anatomical landmark for defining the severity of cleft lip and cleft palate.
The incisive foramen exists in a variety of species.
Structure
The incisive foramen is a funnel-shaped opening in the bone of the oral hard palate representing the inferior termination of the incisive canal.[citation needed] An oral prominence - the incisive papilla - overlies the incisive fossa.[1]
The incisive foramen is situated immediately behind the incisor teeth, and in between the two premaxillae.[citation needed]
Contents
The incisive foramen allows for blood vessels and nerves to pass. These include:
- the pterygopalatine nerves to the hard palate.[2]
- the nasopalatine nerves from the floor of the nasal cavity.[3]
- the sopalatine branches of the infratrochlear nerve, a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (V1), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve.[4]
- the sphenopalatine artery supplying the mucous membrane covering the hard palate of the mouth.[3]
- the sphenopalatine vein draining the mucous membrane covering the hard palate of the mouth.
Clinical significance
As many nerves exit the incisive canal at the incisive foramen, it may be used for injection of local anaesthetic.[3]
When plain radiographs are taken of the mouth, the incisive foramen may be mistaken for a periapical lesion.[5]
The incisive foramen can be used as a landmark when describing cleft lip and cleft palate, which can either extend in front of (primary) or behind (secondary) the foramen.[6][7] It is also important as a surgical landmark to avoid damaging its nerves and vascular structures.[3]
History
The incisive foramen is also known as the anterior palatine foramen,[5] the nasopalatine foramen, and the incisive fossa.
Other animals
In many other species, the incisive foramina allow for passage of ducts to the vomeronasal organ.[2] It can be found in cats,[6] and alligators.[8]
Additional images
-
Inferior surface of base of skull
-
Incisive fossa
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 162 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- OCLC 920806541.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-12-811837-5.
- ^ S2CID 86526891, retrieved 2021-09-16
- OCLC 908128669.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7020-4943-9.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date and year (link - ^ ISBN 978-0-323-22652-3.
- OCLC 245507391.
- ISBN 978-0-12-375060-0.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date and year (link
External links
- Anatomy figure: 22:4b-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center