Independent sources
The term "multiple independent sources" in
Consulting multiple independent sources is a common technique for detecting errors and deception, as any divergences or contradictions between statements, or data samples, would likely indicate one of these.
The American judge Learned Hand declared that "Right conclusions are more likely to be gathered out of a multitude of tongues, than through any kind of authoritative selection. To many this is, and will always be, folly; but we have staked upon it our all."[4]
The New York Times's minimal standard for reporting a fact not otherwise attributed to a single speaker is that it be verified by at least two independent sources.
Circular reporting is a situation where multiple sources appear to be independent, but in reality originate from a single source. Because circular reporting can happen inadvertently in many situations, extra care must be taken to ensure that multiple sources actually are independent, rather than interconnected in an obscure manner.
See also
- Editorial independence, not permitting advertisers to dictate news content
References
- ^
"An efficient algorithm for blind separation of multiple
independent sources", Feng, D. and Zheng, W.X., in
Proceedings of ISCAS, 2006, web: AM6.
- ^ Handbook of biosurveillance, Michael M. Wagner, Andrew W. Moore, Ron M. Aryel, 2006, p.235, Google Books link: BG-YC.
- ^ "Ebola Outbreaks May Have Had Independent Sources", Science, January 16, 2004, web: SM98.
- ISBN 978-0-19-957267-0.)