Indian Institutes of Technology

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Indian Institutes of Technology
Other name
IIT or IITs (plural)
Type
Ministry of Education, Government of India
Budget10,324.5 crore (US$1.3 billion)
(FY2024–25 est.)[1]
Location
23 cities in India
LanguageEnglish
Websitewww.iitsystem.ac.in
Dhanbad
Location of the 23 IITs

The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are a network of engineering and technology institutions in India. Established in 1950, they are renowned for their academic excellence. They are under the ownership of the

ex officio chairperson of the IIT Council.[5]

List of all Indian Institutes of Technology

IITs and their locations, sorted by date of establishment [2][3][4][6][7]
No. Name Abbreviation Founded Converted as IIT State/UT Website
1 IIT Kharagpur IITKGP 1951 1951 West Bengal www.iitkgp.ac.in
2
IIT Bombay
IITB 1958 1958 Maharashtra www.iitb.ac.in
3 IIT Madras IITM 1959 1959 Tamil Nadu www.iitm.ac.in
4
IIT Kanpur
IITK 1959 1959 Uttar Pradesh www.iitk.ac.in
5
IIT Delhi
IITD 1961 1961 Delhi home.iitd.ac.in
6
IIT Guwahati
IITG 1994 1995 Assam www.iitg.ac.in
7
IIT Roorkee
IITR 1847 2002[8] Uttarakhand www.iitr.ac.in
8
IIT Ropar
IITRPR 2008 2008
Punjab
www.iitrpr.ac.in
9
IIT Bhubaneswar
IITBBS 2008 2008 Odisha www.iitbbs.ac.in
10
IIT Gandhinagar
IITGN 2008 2008 Gujarat www.iitgn.ac.in
11 IIT Hyderabad IITH 2008 2008 Telangana www.iith.ac.in
12
IIT Jodhpur
IITJ 2008 2008 Rajasthan www.iitj.ac.in
13
IIT Patna
IITP 2008 2008 Bihar www.iitp.ac.in
14
IIT Indore
IITI 2009 2009 Madhya Pradesh www.iiti.ac.in
15
IIT Mandi
IITMD 2009 2009 Himachal Pradesh www.iitmandi.ac.in
16
IIT Varanasi
IIT BHU 1919 2012[9] Uttar Pradesh www.iitbhu.ac.in
17 IIT Palakkad IITPKD 2015[10] 2015 Kerala iitpkd.ac.in
18
IIT Tirupati
IITT 2015[11] 2015 Andhra Pradesh www.iittp.ac.in
19 IIT Dhanbad IIT DHN 1926 2016[12] Jharkhand www.iitism.ac.in
20
IIT Bhilai
IITBH 2016[13] 2016 Chhattisgarh www.iitbhilai.ac.in
21 IIT Dharwad IITDH 2016[14] 2016 Karnataka iitdh.ac.in
22
IIT Jammu
IITJMU 2016[15] 2016 Jammu and Kashmir www.iitjammu.ac.in
23
IIT Goa
IIT GOA 2016[16] 2016 Goa iitgoa.ac.in

History

The office of the Hijli Detention Camp served as the first academic building of IIT Kharagpur.
IIT BHU
IIT Guwahati, established in 1994
IIT Madras Research Park at Chennai

In the late 1940s, a 22-member committee, headed by Nalini Ranjan Sarkar, recommended the establishment of these institutions in various parts of India, along the lines of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), with affiliated secondary institutions.[17]

The first Indian Institute of Technology was founded in May 1950 at the site of the

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.[19]

On 15 September 1956, the Parliament of India passed the Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur) Act, declaring it as an Institute of National Importance. Jawaharlal Nehru, first Prime Minister of India, in the first convocation address of IIT Kharagpur in 1956, said:[20]

Here in the place of that Hijli Detention Camp stands the fine monument of India, representing India's urges, India's future in the making. This picture seems to me symbolically of the changes coming to India.

On the recommendations of the Sarkar Committee, four campuses were established at

Madras (1959), Kanpur (1959), and Delhi (1961). The location of these campuses was chosen to be scattered throughout India to prevent regional imbalance.[21] The Indian Institutes of Technology Act was amended to reflect the addition of new IITs.[2]

In the tenth meeting of IIT Council in 1972, it was also proposed to convert the then IT-BHU into an IIT and a committee was appointed by IIT Council for the purpose but because of political reasons, the desired conversion could not be achieved then.

Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University was made a member of the IITs and renamed as IIT (BHU) Varanasi.[9]

Student agitations in the state of

Assam Accord
in 1994.

In 2001, the

University of Roorkee was converted into IIT Roorkee.[8]
Over the past few years, there have been several developments toward establishing new IITs. On 1 October 2003, Prime Minister
Five year plan
, eight states were identified for establishment of new IITs.

From 2008 to 2009, eight new IITs were set up in Gandhinagar, Jodhpur, Hyderabad, Indore, Patna, Bhubaneswar, Ropar, and Mandi.

In 2015 to 2016, six new IITs in

IIT , Dhanbad.[12]

The entire allocation by the central government for the 2017-18 budget for all Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) was slightly over 70 billion (US$880 million). However, the aggregate money spent by Indian students for tertiary education in the United States was about six times more than what the central government spends on all IITs.[27]

In June 2023, education officials of India and Tanzania announced that the first foreign IIT campus would be established on the Tanzanian autonomous territory of Zanzibar, as a satellite campus of IIT Madras. The campus is scheduled to begin offering classes in October 2023.[28]

Organisational Structure

Organisational structure of IITs

The

IISc, the Director of IISc, three members of Parliament, the Joint Council Secretary of Ministry of Education, and three appointees each of the Union Government, AICTE, and the Visitor.[30]

Under the IIT Council is the Board of Governors of each IIT. Under the Board of Governors is the Director, who is the chief academic and executive officer of the IIT.[31] Under the Director, in the organisational structure, comes the Deputy Director. Under the Director and the deputy director, come the Deans, Heads of Departments, Registrar, President of the Students' Council, and Chairman of the Hall Management Committee. The Registrar is the chief administrative officer of the IIT and overviews the day-to-day operations.[31] Below the Heads of Department (HOD) are the faculty members (Professors, Associate Professors, and Assistant Professors). The Wardens come under the Chairman of the Hall Management Committee.[32]

The Institutes of Technology Act

The Institute of Technology Act (parliamentary legislation) gives legal status, including degree-granting powers, to the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs). It was notified in the gazette as Act Number 59 of 1961 on 20 December 1961 and came into effect on 1 April 1962. The Act also declares these institutes as Institutes of National Importance.

Academics

IIT Bombay
Central Library, IIT Roorkee