Mainland Southeast Asia

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Indochinese Peninsula
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"Indochina" redirects here. For the French colonial regime, see French Indochina.

Mainland Southeast Asia
Indochinese Peninsula
Indochina
Population243,201,036 (1 July 2019)
GDP (PPP)$2.877 trillion (2021)
GDP (nominal)$1.485 trillion (2022)
Countries Cambodia
 Laos
 Malaysia
 Myanmar (Burma)
 Thailand
 Vietnam

Mainland Southeast Asia (also known as Indochina or the Indochinese Peninsula) is the continental portion of Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Indian subcontinent and south of Mainland China and is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east. It includes the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Peninsular Malaysia.

The term Indochina (originally Indo-China) was coined in the early nineteenth century, emphasizing the historical cultural influence of Indian and Chinese civilizations on the area. The term was later adopted as the name of the colony of French Indochina (today's Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam). Today, the term Mainland Southeast Asia, in contrast to Maritime Southeast Asia, is more commonly referenced.

Terminology

Scottish Geographical Magazine

The origins of the name Indo-China are usually attributed jointly to the Danish-French geographer

Further India and the Peninsula beyond the Ganges. Later, however, as the French established the colony of French Indochina (covering present-day Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam), use of the term became more restricted to the French colony,[3] and today the area is usually referred to as Mainland Southeast Asia.[4]

Biogeography

In

Oriental Paleotropical Kingdom. It includes the native flora and fauna of all the countries above. The adjacent Malesian Region covers the Maritime Southeast Asian countries, and straddles the Indomalayan and Australasian realms.[5]

Geography

Mekong River

The Indochinese Peninsula projects southward from the Asian continent proper. It contains several mountain ranges extending from the

Northeastern Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam). To the south it forms the Malay Peninsula, located on which are Southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia; the latter is variably considered part of Mainland Southeast Asia or separately as part of Maritime Southeast Asia.[citation needed
]

Culture

Ethnolinguistic groups of mainland Southeast Asia

Mainland Southeast Asia contrasts with

Tai–Kadai, and Sino-Tibetan languages (spoken in Mainland Southeast Asia) and the Austronesian languages (spoken in Maritime Southeast Asia). The languages of the mainland form the Mainland Southeast Asia linguistic area: although belonging to several independent language families, they have converged over the course of history and share a number of typological similarities.[citation needed
]

The countries of mainland Southeast Asia received cultural influence from both India and China to varying degrees.

Indian culture, only Vietnam is influenced by Chinese culture but still has minor influences from India, largely via the Champa civilization that Vietnam conquered during its southward expansion.[citation needed
]

Overall, Mainland Southeast Asia is predominantly

Buddhist[7][8][9][10][11][12] with minority Muslim and Hindu populations.[13][14]

See also
Related regional concepts
Sub-regions

References

  1. ISBN 9789888208050
    .
  2. ^ Malte-Brun, Conrad (1827). Universal Geography, Or, A Description of All the Parts of the World, on a New Plan, According to the Great Natural Divisions of the Globe: Improved by the Addition of the Most Recent Information, Derived from Various Sources : Accompanied with Analytical, Synoptical, and Elementary Tables, Volume 2. A. Finley. pp. 262–3.
  3. ISBN 9781317895060
    .
  4. ISBN 9780824816964
    .
  5. ^ "Biogeographic region – Fauna". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
  6. ISBN 0-395-86448-8
    .
  7. ^ "Malaysia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 28 September 2016. Archived from the original on 15 October 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  8. ^ "Thailand". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 28 September 2016. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  9. ^ "Myanmar". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 28 September 2016. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  10. ^ "Cambodia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 28 September 2016. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  11. ^ "Vietnam". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 28 September 2016. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  12. ^ 2008 Report on International Religious Freedom (Report). U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. September 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  13. JSTOR 25797648. Archived
    from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
  14. ^ "The Minority Muslim Experience in Mainland Southeast Asia: A Different Path". Routledge & CRC Press. Archived from the original on 27 April 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2021.

Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mainland Southeast Asia.
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