Industrial symbiosis
Industrial symbiosis[1] a subset of industrial ecology. It describes how a network of diverse organizations can foster eco-innovation and long-term culture change, create and share mutually profitable transactions—and improve business and technical processes.
Although geographic proximity is often associated with industrial symbiosis, it is neither necessary nor sufficient—nor is a singular focus on physical resource exchange. Strategic planning is required to optimize the synergies of co-location. In practice, using industrial symbiosis as an approach to commercial operations—using, recovering and redirecting resources for reuse—results in resources remaining in productive use in the economy for longer. This in turn creates business opportunities, reduces demands on the earth's resources, and provides a stepping-stone towards creating a circular economy.[2]
Industrial symbiosis is a subset of industrial ecology, with a particular focus on material and energy exchange. Industrial ecology is a relatively new field that is based on a natural paradigm, claiming that an industrial ecosystem may behave in a similar way to the natural ecosystem wherein everything gets recycled, albeit the simplicity and applicability of this paradigm has been questioned.[3]
Introduction
Eco-industrial development is one of the ways in which industrial ecology contributes to the integration of economic growth and environmental protection. Some of the examples of eco-industrial development are:
- Circular economy (single material and/or energy exchange)
- Greenfield eco-industrial development (geographically confined space)
- Brownfield eco-industrial development (geographically confined space)
- Eco-industrial network (no strict requirement of geographical proximity)
- Virtual eco-industrial network (networks spread in large areas e.g. regional network)
- Networked Eco-industrial System (macro level developments with links across regions)[citation needed]
Industrial symbiosis engages traditionally separate industries in a collective approach to
Industrial symbiosis systems collectively optimize material and energy use at efficiencies beyond those achievable by any individual process alone. IS systems such as the web of materials and energy exchanges among companies in Kalundborg, Denmark have spontaneously evolved from a series of micro innovations over a long time scale;[11] however, the engineered design and implementation of such systems from a macro planner's perspective, on a relatively short time scale, proves challenging.
Often, access to information on available by-products is difficult to obtain.[12] These by-products are considered waste and typically not traded or listed on any type of exchange. Only a small group of specialized waste marketplaces addresses this particular kind of waste trading.[13]
Example
Recent work reviewed government policies necessary to construct a multi-gigaWatt
The
In DCM Shriram consolidated limited (
See also
References
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- ^ DSCL Annual Report, 2011-12 (PDF). pp. 22–23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 August 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2015.[failed verification]