Inferior ophthalmic vein
| Inferior ophthalmic vein | |
|---|---|
pterygoid venous plexus | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | vena ophthalmica inferior |
| TA98 | A12.3.06.117 |
| TA2 | 4900 |
| FMA | 51247 |
| Anatomical terminology] | |
The inferior ophthalmic vein is a
Structure
The inferior ophthalmic vein - together with the superior ophthalmic vein - represents the principal drainage system of the orbit.[1] It forms/represents a connection between facial veins, and intracranial veins. It is valveless.[2]
Origin
The inferior ophthalmic vein originates from a venous network at the anterior part of the floor[3][2] and anterior part of the medial wall of the orbit.[2]
Course
The inferior ophthalmic vein passes posterior-ward through the inferior orbit[4] upon the inferior rectus muscle. It passes across (not through) the inferior orbital fissure before either draining into the superior ophthalmic vein within the orbit, or passing through or below the common tendinous ring and exiting the orbit through the superior orbital fissure to empty into the cavernous sinus.[2]
Distribution
The inferior ophthalmic vein drains venous blood from the inferior rectus muscle, inferior oblique muscle, lateral rectus muscle, lacrimal sac, lower conjunctiva, and lower vorticose veins.[3]
Fate
The inferior ophthalmic vein empties either into the superior ophthalmic vein (which subsequently drains into the cavernous sinus), or into the cavernous sinus directly.[2]
Depending upon the source, it may
Clinical significance
In
See also
References
- ISBN 978-0-12-374203-2.
- ^ OCLC 1201341621.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ ISBN 978-1-4377-1926-0.
- ^ a b Gray, Henry (1918). Gray's Anatomy (20th ed.). p. 659.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-323-03004-5.
