Regular insulin

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Insulin injection (soluble)
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Regular insulin
A vial of regular human insulin
Clinical data
Trade namesHumulin R, Novolin R, Actrapid, others[1][2]
Other namesinsulin injection (soluble),[2] neutral insulin,[2] regular human insulin, human insulin (regular), Toronto insulin
BiosimilarsMyxredlin[3]
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682611
License data
intravenous[2]
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Onset of action30 minutes
Duration of action8 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number
ChemSpider
  • none
UNII

Regular insulin, also known as neutral insulin and soluble insulin, is a type of

muscle.[2] Onset of effect is typically in 30 minutes and it typically lasts for 8 hours.[5]

The common side effect is

recombinant technology.[2]

Insulin was first used as a medication in Canada by Charles Best and Frederick Banting in 1922.[7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] In 2017, it was the 209th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[9] Versions are also available mixed with longer-acting versions of insulin, such as NPH insulin.[2] In 2020, the combination of human insulin with insulin isophane was the 246th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[10][11]

Medical uses

Regular insulin is used for the long-term management of diabetes.

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states.[5] It may also be used in combination with glucose to lower potassium levels in those with hyperkalemia.[6]

Side effects

Side effects may include: low blood sugar levels, skin reactions at the site of injection and low potassium levels among others.[5]

Manufacture

Humulin, one brand name for a group of biosynthetic human insulin products, is synthesized in a laboratory strain of Escherichia coli bacteria which has been genetically altered with recombinant DNA to produce biosynthetic human insulin. Humulin R consists of zinc-insulin crystals dissolved in a clear fluid.[citation needed]

Formulations

It is sold by many manufacturers in a number of different forms.

By Eli Lilly these include:[citation needed]

  • Humulin R (REGULAR human insulin injection [rDNA origin]) is a short-acting insulin that has a relatively short duration of activity as compared with other insulins.
  • Humulin R Regular U-500 (Concentrated) insulin human injection, USP (rDNA Origin) is a stronger concentration (500 units/mL) of Humulin R.
  • Humulin 70/30 (70% human insulin isophane suspension, 30% human insulin injection [rDNA origin]) is a mixture insulin. It is an intermediate-acting insulin combined with the onset of action of Humulin
  • Humulin 50/50 (50% human insulin isophane suspension, 50% human insulin injection [rDNA origin]) is a mixture insulin. It is an intermediate-acting insulin combined with the onset of action of Humulin R.

In UK these include:[12]

  • Actrapid
  • Humulin S
  • Insuman Rapid

References

  1. ^ "insulin regular human (OTC) – Humulin R, Novolin R". Archived from the original on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
  2. ^
    ISBN 9780857111562
    .
  3. ^ a b "Summary Basis of Decision - Myxredlin". Health Canada. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  4. ^ "Humulin R U-500- insulin human injection, solution Humulin R U-500 Kwikpen- insulin human injection, solution". DailyMed. 27 June 2022. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. "Insulin Human". drugs.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  6. ^
    PMID 15846652
    .
  7. ISBN 978-0-7867-3425-2. Archived
    from the original on 18 January 2017.
  8. hdl:10665/325771
    . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  9. ^ "Insulin Human - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  10. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  11. ^ "Insulin Human; Insulin Isophane Human - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  12. ^ "Human Insulin - Types, Production, Action, History". Retrieved 17 November 2017.

External links

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