Interleukin 20 receptor, alpha subunit
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Interleukin 20 JAK-STAT pathway.[5]
IL20RA is found in the skin, lungs, ovaries, testes and placenta, with low gene expression in the intestine and liver.[7] IL20RB is found in many organ resident effector cells such as keratinocytes at the skin epidermis, osteoclasts, found in bones, and epithelial cells of the intestine and trachea. IL20RA is also found in some immune cells.[8]
Structure and function
IL20RA is an alpha-chain with a long intracellular domain. IL20RA, along with the IL-20 receptor, beta subunit, form the
heterodimeric interleukin-20 receptor, which binds the cytokines IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24. IL20RA also forms a complex with the IL-10 receptor, beta subunit, which binds the cytokine IL-26.[5]
Signaling
Receptors made up of IL20RA signal through a
SOCS proteins, which can inhibit the JAK-STAT signal, regulating it.where the transcription factor STAT3 binds to IL20RA and STAT3 becomes activated.[1] IL20RA has multiple docking sites for STAT3.[5][9]
Link to Immune System and Disease
Research indicates that IL20RA is found in some immune cells. For example, IL20RA is sometimes found in lung macrophages. Research indicates that IL20RA presence may be related to disease. In people with rheumatoid arthiritis, IL20RA is present in blood monocytes.[8]
IL20RA has also been linked with psoriasis, and atherosclerosis, all diseases associated with inflammation. The specific role of IL20RA in these diseases is unknown.[7]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000016402 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020007 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ PMID 20864382.
- PMID 26903709.
- ^ S2CID 29114703.
- ^ PMID 30319661.
- PMID 11163236.
Further reading
- Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. PMID 8889548.
- Xie MH, Aggarwal S, Ho WH, et al. (2000). "Interleukin (IL)-22, a novel human cytokine that signals through the interferon receptor-related proteins CRF2-4 and IL-22R". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (40): 31335–31339. PMID 10875937.
- Blumberg H, Conklin D, Xu WF, et al. (2001). "Interleukin 20: discovery, receptor identification, and role in epidermal function". Cell. 104 (1): 9–19. S2CID 7460710.
- Dumoutier L, Leemans C, Lejeune D, et al. (2001). "Cutting edge: STAT activation by IL-19, IL-20 and mda-7 through IL-20 receptor complexes of two types". J. Immunol. 167 (7): 3545–9. PMID 11564763.
- Wang M, Tan Z, Zhang R, et al. (2002). "Interleukin 24 (MDA-7/MOB-5) signals through two heterodimeric receptors, IL-22R1/IL-20R2 and IL-20R1/IL-20R2". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7341–7347. PMID 11706020.
- Parrish-Novak J, Xu W, Brender T, et al. (2003). "Interleukins 19, 20, and 24 signal through two distinct receptor complexes. Differences in receptor-ligand interactions mediate unique biological functions". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (49): 47517–47523. PMID 12351624.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903. PMID 12477932.
- Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–2270. PMID 12975309.
- Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6". Nature. 425 (6960): 805–811. PMID 14574404.
- Pletnev S, Magracheva E, Kozlov S, et al. (2003). "Characterization of the recombinant extracellular domains of human interleukin-20 receptors and their complexes with interleukin-19 and interleukin-20". Biochemistry. 42 (43): 12617–12624. PMID 14580208.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–45. PMID 14702039.
- Sheikh F, Baurin VV, Lewis-Antes A, et al. (2004). "Cutting edge: IL-26 signals through a novel receptor complex composed of IL-20 receptor 1 and IL-10 receptor 2". J. Immunol. 172 (4): 2006–10. PMID 14764663.
- Hör S, Pirzer H, Dumoutier L, et al. (2004). "The T-cell lymphokine interleukin-26 targets epithelial cells through the interleukin-20 receptor 1 and interleukin-10 receptor 2 chains". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (32): 33343–33351. PMID 15178681.
- Zhang Z, Henzel WJ (2005). "Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites". Protein Sci. 13 (10): 2819–2824. PMID 15340161.