International District/Chinatown station

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Coordinates: 47°35′54″N 122°19′41″W / 47.59833°N 122.32806°W / 47.59833; -122.32806
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Seattle, Washington
United States
Coordinates47°35′54″N 122°19′41″W / 47.59833°N 122.32806°W / 47.59833; -122.32806
Owned bySound Transit
Platforms2 side platforms
Tracks2
Connections
Construction
Structure typeBelow-grade
ParkingPay parking nearby
AccessibleYes
History
OpenedSeptember 15, 1990 (1990-09-15)
Rebuilt2005–2007
Previous namesInternational District (1990–2004)
Passengers
4,558 daily weekday boardings (2023)[1]
1,722,576 total boardings (2023)[1]
Services
Preceding station Sound Transit Following station
Link
Pioneer Square
toward Northgate
 1 Line Stadium
toward Angle Lake
Future service
Preceding station Sound Transit Following station
Link
Pioneer Square
toward Lynnwood City Center
 2 Line
(2025)
 Judkins Park
toward Downtown Redmond
Former service
Preceding station Sound Transit Following station
ST Express
Pioneer Square
toward Convention Place
 Route 550
DSTT
(1999–2019)
Rainier
toward Bellevue Transit Center

International District/Chinatown station is a

Chinatown-International District neighborhood, and is served by the 1 Line of Sound Transit's Link light rail system. The station is located adjacent to Sound Transit headquarters at Union Station, as well as intermodal connections to Amtrak and Sounder commuter rail at King Street Station and the First Hill Streetcar
.

International District/Chinatown station comprises two side platforms situated under street level in an open-air structure and adjoining public plaza. It opened on September 15, 1990, as International District station, and was used exclusively by buses until a two-year renovation from 2005 to 2007 to accommodate light rail. Link light rail service to International District/Chinatown station began on July 18, 2009, and bus service ended on March 23, 2019. Trains arrive at the station twenty hours a day on most days, with service every six minutes during peak periods and less frequent service at other times. In 2025, the station will become the divergence point between the 1 Line and 2 Line, which will continue east towards Bellevue and Redmond.

Location

International District/Chinatown station is located along 5th Avenue South between South Jackson and Weller streets, in the

Chinatown-International District neighborhood of central Seattle. The station is at the western edge of the neighborhood, and is within walking distance of the Pioneer Square National Historic District.[2][3] Within 1⁄2-mile (0.8 km) of the station is an estimated population of 10,412 people in 5,183 housing units, and approximately 43,472 jobs according to the Puget Sound Regional Council.[4]

International District/Chinatown station shares its

parking garage.[6] To the west of the station on South Jackson Street is historic King Street Station, served by Amtrak and Sounder commuter rail, and the offices of King County Metro at the King Street Center. The Weller Street Bridge connects the station's south plaza to Lumen Field, T-Mobile Park,[2][7] and Stadium Place, a mixed-use development in a former stadium parking lot.[8] To the station's east is the Historic Chinatown Gate, as well as the flagship store of Asian grocer Uwajimaya.[2][7]

History

Background and earlier proposals

Postcard depiction of King Street Station and Union Station in the late 1930s, including the future site of International District/Chinatown station

The Chinatown-International District of Seattle was established in the early 20th century by Asian Americans who relocated from modern-day Pioneer Square. The

railyard.[14]

In 1911, civil engineer

parking garage, and a rooftop heliport.[17][18] The proposal was rejected by the federal government, not wanting to jeopardize freeway construction, and was ultimately shelved.[18]

In the late 1960s, the

Metro Transit in 1972, operating bus service across King County.[26]

Bus tunnel

The Union Station office complex and International District/Chinatown station, built atop a shared concrete lid

Metro Transit began planning a bus tunnel through downtown Seattle in the 1970s, to be eventually converted to use by light rail trains. Metro approved the construction of a bus tunnel in 1983, selecting Union Station the tunnel's southern terminus and a route along 3rd Avenue and Pine Street through the rest of downtown.[27][28] The tunnel would be completed by 1989 and feature public art and stations designed to match the identities of the surrounding area; the tunnel station at Union Station would be designed around an Asian motif reflecting the International District.[29][30]

The bus tunnel's twin

Vulcan Real Estate and Nitze-Stagen completed the four-building office complex atop the station's western and southern lid.[35][36]

Tunnel construction was completed in early June 1990,[37] a few weeks before the June 23 completion of the Waterfront Streetcar extension serving the future station.[38][39] International District station was dedicated at a public open house during the annual Seafair on July 15, 1990.[40][41] Bus service in the Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel began on September 15, 1990, with several Metro bus routes moved into the tunnel from surface streets.[42] The tunnel was served by dual-mode buses that would switch from diesel power to electric trolleybus (supplied by overhead wires) at International District station and Convention Place station, the tunnel's respective termini.[43]

Light rail

In the early 1990s, a regional

transit authority (RTA) was formed to plan and construct a light rail system for the Seattle area. After an unsuccessful attempt in 1995, regional voters passed a $3.9 billion plan to build light rail under the RTA in 1996.[44] The downtown transit tunnel had already been planned for eventual light rail use and was built with tracks that would be incorporated into the initial system.[45][46] The RTA, later renamed Sound Transit, approved the tunnel as part of the route of its initial light rail line in 1999.[47] Ownership of the tunnel, including its stations, was transferred to Sound Transit in 2000 but returned two years later to King County Metro under a joint-operations agreement.[48][49]

In November 2004, the

Metropolitan King County Council approved the renaming of the station to International District/Chinatown station.[50] The renaming came at the behest of Chinese community leaders who had recently campaigned to include "Chinatown" in the names of a new branch library and community center.[51] The new name, implemented during the two-year tunnel closure, came as a compromise between naming the station "Chinatown" and "International District".[52]

The downtown transit tunnel closed on September 23, 2005, for a two-year, $82.7 million renovation to accommodate light rail vehicles. The renovation included the installation of new rails, a lowered roadbed at stations for level boarding, new signalling systems and emergency ventilation.[53][54] As part of the renovation, the outdoor plaza at International District/Chinatown station was repainted with red accents, replacing the original pink, to better reflect the traditional colors of the neighborhood.[55] The tunnel reopened on September 24, 2007,[56] and Link light rail service began on July 18, 2009, from Westlake station to Tukwila International Boulevard station.[57][58]

Bus service within the downtown transit tunnel ended on March 23, 2019, with a ceremonial "last run" beginning and ending at International District/Chinatown station after midnight.

Washington State Convention Center at the site of Convention Place station, along with upcoming light rail construction in 2020.[60] The remaining bus routes were moved to nearby surface stops on 2nd, 4th, and 5th avenues, while the tunnel became exclusive to light rail trains.[60] Ownership of the tunnel was transferred to Sound Transit in 2022.[61]

Future

International District/Chinatown station will become the

turnback track between the existing tracks and platforms, as well as reconfiguration of other tracks in the former bus layover area.[64][65]

As part of the Sound Transit 3 program, approved by voters in 2016, International District/Chinatown station will be the terminus of a second downtown light rail tunnel, running under 5th Avenue and towards South Lake Union.[66] The tunnel, part of a line serving Lower Queen Anne and Ballard,[67] is scheduled to open in 2036.[68] Alternative options for the tunnel include platforms under Union Station or 4th Avenue to facilitate transfers at King Street Station,[69][70][71] with a shallow platform at 80 to 90 feet (24 to 27 m) or a deeper platform at 200 feet (61 m) depending on the option.[72] The expected disruption associated with constructing a station at either location has led to community opposition and delays in planning the final alignment for the project.[73] Some community activists have proposed a no-build alternative to prevent displacement, which earned the support of boardmember Joe McDermott.[74] Another option, to build the transfer platform adjacent to Pioneer Square station, emerged in 2022 and is under consideration.[75]

Station layout

View of International District/Chinatown station from the plaza level, open to the platforms below
Street Level Entrances/Exits,
Ticket vending machines, walkway to King Street Station
Tram interchange First Hill Streetcar
Platform level Side platform, doors will open on the right
Northbound ← 1 Line toward Northgate (Pioneer Square)
Southbound → 1 Line toward Angle Lake (Stadium) →
Side platform, doors will open on the right

International District/Chinatown station consists of two

plaza.[2][7] The station is 1,060 feet (320 m) long and 82 feet (25 m) wide, including a bus layover area and operations facility to the south of the platforms.[76][77] It has two entrances, at South Jackson Street to the north and South Weller Street to the south, that are connected to the platform via a series of four elevators, four escalators, and stairs.[78] The Weller Street entrance also includes a pedestrian corridor traveling west from the station to King Street Station's Sounder commuter rail platforms, as well as Lumen Field and Pioneer Square.[7][79]

The station was designed by architect Gary Hartnett in an Asian motif, intending to create a "gathering place" for the neighborhood as a whole. Along with the rest of the downtown transit tunnel stations, International District/Chinatown station was designed with integrated

Jose Rizal, poet Eve Triem, Chinatown merchant Chin Gee Hee, and University of Washington professor Teresa Schmid McMahon.[7][14]

The station's

Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience, and Hing Hay Park.[83]

Services

International District/Chinatown station is at the southern end of the

peak periods and ten minutes at midday. Trains have longer headways of fifteen minutes in the early morning and twenty minutes at night on weekdays. During weekends, Trains arrive every ten minutes during daytime hours and every fifteen minutes during early mornings and evenings. The station is approximately 31 minutes from SeaTac/Airport station and seven minutes from Westlake station.[84] In 2019, an average of 7,137 passengers boarded Link trains at International District/Chinatown station on weekdays.[1]

In addition to service in the tunnel, International District/Chinatown station is in close proximity to several other regional and local transit services. King Street Station is located one block west of the station and is served by inter-city Amtrak trains on the Cascades, Coast Starlight, and Empire Builder,[85] as well as Sounder commuter trains to Everett, Tacoma, and Lakewood.[86] The First Hill Streetcar stops one block east of the station on South Jackson Street, connecting the area to Little Saigon, Yesler Terrace, First Hill, and Capitol Hill.[87] The Waterfront Streetcar also served the station, using a separate platform on 5th Avenue South,[88] until service was suspended in 2005.[89] Intercity bus operator BoltBus used a curbside stop near the station for its intercity routes serving Vancouver and Portland, Oregon, until ceasing operations in 2021.[90][91]

International District/Chinatown station is also adjacent to several surface

special route between all Link light rail stations, which stops at South Jackson Street to serve the station.[94]

From 2009 to 2019, several bus routes also ran in the tunnel alongside Link light rail. The final set of seven bus routes in the tunnel were divided into three bays by their outbound direction: Bay A was served by three routes (routes 41, 74, and 255) heading north toward Northgate and the University District and east towards Kirkland; Bay C was served by three routes (routes 101, 102, and 150) heading south through the SODO Busway toward Kent and Renton; and Bay D was served by one route (Sound Transit Express route 550) heading east via Interstate 90 to Bellevue.[95]

References

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External links

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