Interstate 696
Walter P. Reuther Freeway | ||||
Route information | ||||
Auxiliary route of I-96 | ||||
Maintained by MDOT | ||||
Length | 28.368 mi[3] (45.654 km) | |||
Existed | 1963[1]–present | |||
History | Construction started in 1961 and completed December 15, 1989[1] | |||
NHS | Entire route | |||
Restrictions | No flammable or explosive cargo between M-10 and I-75[2] | |||
Major junctions | ||||
West end | I-96 / I-275 / M-5 in Farmington Hills | |||
East end | I-94 in St. Clair Shores | |||
Location | ||||
Country | United States | |||
State | Michigan | |||
Counties | Oakland, Macomb | |||
Highway system | ||||
|
Interstate 696 (I-696) is an east–west
Planning for the freeway started in the 1950s. Michigan state officials proposed the designation I-98, but this was not approved. Construction started on the first segment in 1961, and the Lodge Freeway was designated Business Spur Interstate 696 (BS I-696) the following year. The western third of the freeway opened in 1963, and the eastern third was completed in January 1979. The central segment was the subject of much controversy during the 1960s and 1970s. Various municipalities along this stretch argued over the routing of the freeway such that the governor locked several officials into a room overnight until they would agree to a routing. Later, various groups used federal environmental regulations to force changes to the freeway. The
Route description
I-696, which has been called "Detroit's
After passing through the Mixing Bowl, I-696 follows 11 Mile Road, which forms a pair of
East of the rail crossing, I-696 has a four-level
Like other state highways in Michigan, I-696 is maintained by the
History
Planning and initial construction
I-696 is part of the original Interstate Highway System as outlined in 1956–58.[15] As originally proposed by the
In the late 1970s, during the second phase of construction, lobbying efforts and lawsuits attempted to block construction of the central section. If successful, the efforts would have left the freeway with a gap in the middle between the first (western) and second (eastern) phases of construction.[17] During this time, MDOT assigned M-6 to the eastern section of the freeway under construction. Signs were erected along the service roads that followed 11 Mile Road to connect the already built stack interchange at I-75 east to I-94.[23] By the time the eastern freeway segment was initially opened in January 1979 between I-94 and I-75, the signage for M-6 was removed and replaced with I-696 signage;[24] it cost $200 million (equivalent to $654 million in 2023[21]) to complete.[1] Later in 1979, a closure was scheduled to allow work to be completed on three of the segment's nine interchanges.[24]
Controversies over middle segment
The central section was the most controversial. Governor
Arguments between local officials were so intense that during the 1960s, then-Governor George W. Romney once locked fighting bureaucrats in a community center until they would agree on a path for the freeway. During the 1970s, local groups used then-new environmental regulations to oppose the Interstate.[17] The freeway was noted in a Congressional subcommittee report on the "Major Interstate System Route Controversy in Urban Areas" for the controversies in 1970. Before 1967, local communities had to approve highway locations and designs, and the debates over I-696 prompted the passage of an arbitration statute. That statute was challenged by Pleasant Ridge and Lathrup Village before being upheld by the Michigan Supreme Court.[27] Lathrup Village later withdrew from a planning agreement in 1971; had that agreement been implemented, construction on the central section was scheduled to commence in 1974 and finish in 1976.[28]
The community of
The Detroit Zoo was concerned that noise and air pollution from the Interstate would disturb the animals. They were satisfied by $12 million (equivalent to $24.8 million in 2023
One of the last obstacles to construction of the freeway was a wetlands area near Southfield. MDOT received a permit from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources to destroy 6+1⁄2 acres (2.6 ha) of wetland and create a replacement 11-acre (4.5 ha) area. In the process, some prairie roses and wetlands milkweed were transplanted from the path of I-696 in 1987.[32] The final section of the eight-lane freeway opened at a cost of $436 million[1] (equivalent to $900 million in 2023[21]) on December 15, 1989. At the time, one caller to a Detroit radio show commented, "do you realize we have been to the moon and back in the time it has taken to get that road from Ferndale to Southfield?"[17]
Since completion
As part of the overall rehabilitation to the Mixing Bowl interchange, a new interchange at Franklin Road was to be constructed in 2006.[33] An exit ramp from I-696 eastbound to American Drive opened in April 2006. An entrance ramp from Franklin Road to I-696 westbound opened in July 2006. The Franklin Road overpass, which had been closed during this time, re-opened in October 2006.[34]
On November 9th 2006, the speed limit was increased from 65 to 70 mph (105 to 113 km/h) along the length of I-696.[5][35] During speed enforcement patrols in August 2022, the Michigan State Police gave out 77 citations during one 4-hour period including six arrests.[36] One motorist was driving at 101 mph (163 km/h), while others were cited at 99, 94, and 91 mph (159, 151, and 146 km/h).[37]
In 2023, MDOT started a complete reconstruction of I-696 from I-275 in Farmington Hills to US 24 (Telegraph Road) in Southfield. The eastbound lanes were reconstructed in 2023, and the westbound lanes will be reconstructed the following year.[38]
During the reconstruction of the westbound lanes in 2024, I-696 had two lanes shifted onto the John C Lodge Freeway resulting in a temporary concurrency. This is the first time in the history of the I-696 that a concurrency with the Lodge freeway had been in-place.[39]
Exit list
County | Location | mi[3] | km | Exit | Destinations | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grand River Avenue ) | Exits 163 and 165 on I-96 | |||||
Farmington Hills | 4.570– 4.635 | 7.355– 7.459 | 5 | Orchard Lake Road | ||
Southfield | 7.363– 7.489 | 11.850– 12.052 | 7 | American Drive | Eastbound exit and westbound entrance via Franklin Road | |
7.763– 8.241 | 12.493– 13.263 | 8 | M-10 south (Lodge Freeway) to US 24 (Telegraph Road) | Eastbound exit and westbound entrance to M-10; eastbound exit and entrance to US 24; eastbound exit to Lahser Road via M-10 exit 16 | ||
10.040 | 16.158 | 10 | M-10 north (Northwestern Highway) to US 24 (Telegraph Road) / Lahser Road | Westbound exit and eastbound entrance to M-10; westbound exit and entrance to US 24; westbound entrance from Lahser Road via M-10 exit 16 | ||
Southfield–Lathrup Village city line | 10.444– 11.300 | 16.808– 18.186 | 11 | Evergreen Road | ||
Lathrup Village | 11.474– 12.359 | 18.466– 19.890 | 12 | 11 Mile Road, Southfield Road | ||
Southfield–Oak Park city line | 13.008– 13.646 | 20.934– 21.961 | 13 | Greenfield Road | ||
Oak Park–Huntington Woods city line | 13.982– 14.824 | 22.502– 23.857 | 14 | 10 Mile Road, Coolidge Highway, Detroit Zoo | Detroit Zoo signed eastbound only; 10 Mile Road signed westbound only | |
Pleasant Ridge–Royal Oak city line | 15.743– 16.692 | 25.336– 26.863 | 16 | M-1 (Woodward Avenue) / Main Street – Detroit Zoo | Detroit Zoo signed westbound only | |
Royal Oak | 16.909 | 27.212 | 17 | Campbell Road, Hilton Road | Eastbound exit and westbound entrance; Campbell Road becomes Hilton Road immediately south of exit | |
17.373– 17.378 | 27.959– 27.967 | 17 | Bermuda Street | Westbound exit and eastbound entrance | ||
Detroit, Toledo | Exit 61 on I-75 | |||||
Madison Heights | 18.647– 18.668 | 30.009– 30.043 | 19 | Couzens Avenue, 10 Mile Road | Eastbound exit and westbound entrance | |
Oakland–Macomb county line | Madison Heights–Warren city line | 19.258– 19.966 | 30.993– 32.132 | 20 | Dequindre Road, Ryan Road, John R Road | Dequindre Road is the county line; Ryan Road signed eastbound only, John R Road signed westbound only |
Macomb | Warren | 20.523 | 33.029 | 21 | 11 Mile Road | Westbound exit and eastbound entrance |
21.512– 22.340 | 34.620– 35.953 | 22 | Mound Road | |||
Center Line–Warren city line | 22.611– 23.160 | 36.389– 37.272 | 23 | M-53 (Van Dyke Avenue) / Ryan Road | Ryan Road signed westbound only | |
Warren | 23.666– 24.344 | 38.087– 39.178 | 24 | Hoover Road, Schoenherr Road | Schoenherr Road signed eastbound only | |
25.166– 26.259 | 40.501– 42.260 | 26 | M-97 (Groesbeck Highway) / Schoenherr Road | Schoenherr Road signed westbound only | ||
Roseville | 27.083– 27.771 | 43.586– 44.693 | 27 | M-3 (Gratiot Avenue) | ||
27.970– 27.991 | 45.013– 45.047 | 28 | 11 Mile Road | Eastbound exit and westbound entrance | ||
Detroit, Port Huron | Exit 229 on I-94 | |||||
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |
Related trunkline
Location | Detroit–Southfield |
---|---|
Length | 17.538 mi[3] (28.225 km) |
Existed | 1962[19][20]–1970[40][41] |
Business Spur Interstate 696 (BS I-696) was the designation given to the Lodge Freeway in the Detroit area in 1962.[19][20] This 17+1⁄2-mile-long (28.2 km) freeway was renumbered as part of US 10 in 1970, when that highway designation was shifted off Woodward Avenue.[40][41]
See also
- Michigan Highways portal
References
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- ^ a b c National Center for Manufacturing Sciences (n.d.). "Truck Driver's Guidebook: Hazardous Materials". The Border Center's WasteWatcher. National Center for Manufacturing Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
- ^ a b c Michigan Department of Transportation (2021). Next Generation PR Finder (Map). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
- ^ Edmonds.com Editors (November 1998). "Long-Term Test: 1998 Volkswagen New Beetle". Edmunds.com. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
- ^ Newspapers.com.
- ^ Michigan Infrastructure and Transportation Association (Summer 2007). "MITA Presents Michigan Construction Quality Partnership Awards" (PDF). Cross-Section. Michigan Infrastructure and Transportation Association. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 24, 2013. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
- ^ .
- ^ a b c d e f Google (July 13, 2012). "Overview Map of I-696" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
- ^ Gillmorn, Dan (August 10, 1989). "Hazardous Load Ban Affects Section of I-696". JOC.com. Archived from the original on May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
- ^ a b Center for Urban Transportation Research (2000). "Community Cohesion: Oak Park, Michigan". Community Impact Assessment. University of South Florida. Archived from the original on May 25, 2006. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
- ^ a b Michigan Department of Transportation (January 2011). Michigan's Railroad System (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 9, 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
- ^ Bureau of Transportation Planning (2008). "Traffic Monitoring Information System". Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on July 2, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
- ^ Michigan Department of Transportation (April 23, 2006). National Highway System, Michigan (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 4, 2012. Retrieved October 7, 2008.
- ^ Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
- .
- Michigan State Highway Department (April 25, 1958). Recommended Interstate Route Numbering for Michigan (Report). Michigan State Highway Department. Archived from the originalon August 5, 2004. Retrieved September 4, 2010.
- ^ from the original on January 8, 2014. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
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- ^ . Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
- ^ OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
- ^ Gross Domestic Product deflatorfigures follow the Measuring Worth series.
- OCLC 57425393.
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- ^ OCLC 36134862. Archived from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved January 7, 2011 – via Google News.
- ^ from the original on January 16, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
- OCLC 45227386.
- from the original on November 20, 2015. Retrieved August 21, 2012.
- from the original on November 21, 2015. Retrieved August 20, 2012 – via Google News.
- ^ Stebbins, Win & Eustice, Mike (March 2006). "I-696: Three Pedestrian Plazas Over Freeway" (PDF). MDOT Context Sensitive Solutions Case Study: Metro Region. Michigan Department of Transportation. p. B1-17. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 22, 2013. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
- ^ Naber, MaryAnn (November 1, 2006). "Final List of Nationally and Exceptionally Significant Features of the Federal Interstate Highway System" (PDF). Historic Preservation: Interstate Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 5, 2012. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
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- from the original on November 21, 2015. Retrieved August 15, 2013 – via Google News.
- ^ Kalousdian, Aram (January 7, 2006). "Michigan Construction Will Increase". Michigan Contractor and Builder. Reed Business Information. Archived from the original on September 21, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
- ^ Oakland Transportation Service Center (March 22, 2006). "I-696/M-10 Reconstruction from Lahser Road to Beck Road (Project brochure)" (PDF). Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 7, 2006. Retrieved May 30, 2006.
- from the original on August 21, 2014. Retrieved October 22, 2012 – via ProQuest Archiver.
- ^ Powers, Sara (August 31, 2022). "MSP Give Out 77 Tickets During I-696 Speed Enforcement". CBS Detroit. Southfield, Michigan: WWJ-TV. Retrieved December 11, 2022.
- WWJ-AM. August 30, 2022. Retrieved December 11, 2022.
- ^ "Major Construction Project on I-696 Kicks Off Tomorrow: Here Are the Closures". Detroit: WXYZ-TV. March 8, 2023. Retrieved April 13, 2023.
- ^ Kelly, Dane (February 19, 2024). "I-696 traffic shift in Oakland County now active through fall: What to know". WDIV. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
- ^ OCLC 12701120.
- ^ .
External links
- Geographic data related to I-696 at OpenStreetMap
- I-696 at Michigan Highways
- I-696 at Kurumi.com
- I-696 at AARoad's Interstate Guide
- I-696 at CanHighways