Ioannis Psycharis
Yiannis Psycharis | |
|---|---|
Odessa, Russian Empire | |
| Died | 29 September 1929 Paris, France |
| Occupation | Author |
| Spouse | Noémie Renan |
| Relatives | Ernest Renan (father-in-law) |
Ioannis (Yiannis) Psycharis (Greek: Ιωάννης (Γιάννης) Ψυχάρης; French: Jean Psychari; 1854–1929) was a Russian Empire born philologist who was much of his life a national of France. He was of Greek descent. He was also a writer and a promoter of Demotic Greek.
Biography
Psycharis was born on 15 May 1854 in
He studied at the
Career
Psycharis was director of studies at the
In 1886, he made a trip to Greece out of which he wrote My Journey, advocacy of Demotic Greek (with some remarks on the Ancient Greek pronunciation), which connected it with the national integration (Megali Idea). So he became the mentor of the Demotic side in the Greek language question. Because of his stance, in favour of Demotiki, he was heavily criticized by both the conservative political and educational establishment in Greece (most notably professor Georgios Hatzidakis), and he was often under attack by various newspapers.
Psycharis was the populariser of the term diglossia,[citation needed], which describes a language community's simultaneous use of the genuine mother tongue of the present day, the vernacular, and a dialect from centuries earlier in the history of the language. The vernacular is of low prestige and is discouraged or totally forbidden for written use and formal spoken use, while the obsolete dialect is of high prestige and is used for most written communication and for formal speeches by institutions of authority such as government and religious institutions. Diglossia was a major issue in Greek society and politics in the 19th and 20th centuries (see Greek language question).
Psycharis also proposed an innovative orthography for Greek that never really caught on, despite being the focus of several serious attempts at implementation continuing into the late 20th century. A beginning Modern Greek textbook for foreign students, Ellinika Tora (Greek Now), employs some of his suggestions such as substituting
is conditioned by the other sounds around it – thus αδερφός (aderfos) instead of standard αδελφός (adelphos). While that and other of his suggestions more accurately reflect true pronunciation, they seem to have little chance of being adopted.During the
Personal life
In 1882, he married Ernest Renan's daughter, Noémie.[1] They had four children, among which Ernest Psichari, Henriette Revault d'Allonnes and Corrie Siohan, raised in the Scheffer-Renan Hôtel, the current Musée de la Vie romantique in the heart of the Nouvelle Athènes neighbourhood, in Paris.
Death
Psycharis died in Paris on 29 September 1929. He is buried in Chios.
Works
- Jean, Psychari (1888). My Journey [Το ταξίδι μου]. Athens: S. K. Vlastos.
See also
- Musée de la Vie romantique, Hôtel Scheffer-Renan, Paris
References
- ^ .
