Iraqi Intelligence Service

Iraqi Intelligence Service
جهاز المخابرات العراقي; Jihaz Al-Mukhabarat Al-Eiraqii
	Government of Iraq
Headquarters	Al-Harthiya Garrison, Baghdad 33°18′35″N 44°21′33″E / 33.309651°N 44.359075°E
Agency executive	Brg. Gen. Ali Hassan al-Majid; (1995–2003), Director
Parent agency	Independent

The Iraqi Intelligence Service (

Arabic: جهاز المخابرات العامة العراقية, romanized: Jihaz Al-Mukhabarat Al-Eiraqii, lit. 'General Intelligence Directorate of Iraq') also known as the Mukhabarat, General Intelligence Directorate, or Party Intelligence, was an 8,000-man agency and the main state intelligence organization in Iraq under Saddam Hussein. The IIS was primarily concerned with international intelligence collection and analysis but also performed many activities inside Iraq in conjunction with the Directorate of General Security as a secret police

organization.

The most important section of the IIS was Directorate 4: the Secret Service. One of the well known Directors was

FBI

) when conducting domestic activities.

IIS is alleged to be responsible for a number of

Emir of Kuwait^[1] and the former Iraqi Prime Minister Ayad Allawi.^{[citation needed}

]

Structure

IIS was organised as a number of Bureaus, which oversaw the individual directorates. The following list gives the directorates divided by bureau, and a brief description of the directorate:^{[citation needed]}

Political Bureau

Directorate 4 – Secret Service

Located inside the

BG Mohammed Yasin Al Shammari from Mosul

.

Directorate 8 – Technical Affairs

Located in the headquarters of the ISS, Directorate 8 was responsible for the

scientists with advanced degrees. The last director of Directorate 8 was Mohammed al-Masri, who was of Egyptian

origin.

Directorate 9 – Secret Operations

One of the most important directorates within the IIS. Directorate 9's work was mostly outside Iraq in

MG

Abdul Hameed Khalaf al-Bayati, with BG Hussain Abdul Khaliq ad-Douri, from Dour as his Assistant Director.

Directorate 12 – Electronic Surveillance

Responsible for the planting, monitoring, and analyzing video and audio surveillance devices within the IIS. Also partially responsible for the forging of currency.

Directorate 17 – National Security Institute

Responsible for the

intelligence service as junior officers

.

Planning Office

Responsible for collecting and analyzing

newspapers

.

Propaganda Office

Responsible for conducting psychological warfare operations, including the dissemination of false information.

Special Bureau

Directorate 5 – Counter-Intelligence

Responsible for the detection and neutralization of foreign intelligence agents, with a particular focus on

LTC

Ahmed Lahij ad-Dulaimi as Assistant Director.

Directorate 6 – Mukhabarat Security

Responsible for the conduct of officers and other members of the IIS. Directorate 6 was responsible for the issuing of papers,

passports, and marriage sanctions for all ISS employees. The last director of Directorate 6 was MG Abdul Hameed Yasin al-Ghurairi, with COL

Ibrahim al-`Aani as his Assistant.

Directorate 7 – Al Haakimiya

The primary interrogation center of the ISS was Al Haakimiya, located opposite the Passport Office on 52nd Street.

Directorate 19 – Personnel Supervision

Responsible for surveillance of IIS employees.

Directorate 22 – Protection

Responsible for personal protection of senior IIS officials and visiting dignitaries.

Office 16

Uncertain designation. Conducted training of agents for the Clandestine operations abroad.

Brigade of Mukhabarat

Rapid intervention force of the IIS, armed with light and semi-heavy weapons.

History

Following an unsuccessful assassination attempt by the

Abdul Karim Qasim in October 1959, Saddam Hussein

was placed in charge of Jihaz al Khas (Special Apparatus), sometime between 1964 and 1966. Codenamed Jihaz al-Haneen (Instrument of Yearning), the organisation concentrated on security and intelligence work.

After the Ba'ath Party seized power on 17 July 1968, Saddam expanded the Special Apparatus and took control of the Amn (State Internal Security Department).

Following the failed

coup attempt led by Director of Internal Security Nadhim Kzar

in 1973, Jihaz was transformed into Da'irat al Mukhabarat al Amah (The General Intelligence Department or the GID).

In 1983, under the leadership of

Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim

's family.

As a result of the Gulf War (1991), the department dealing with external affairs was reduced to less than half of its pre-1990 size, while the department dealing with internal affairs was enlarged to deal with increasing anti-Saddam activities within Iraq.

On 13 April 1993, the IIS planned and executed an assassination attempt against former US President George H. W. Bush and the Emir of Kuwait through the use of a large car bomb driven by two Iraqis.^{[citation needed]}^[3] However the plan was foiled and Kuwaiti officials arrested 16 persons suspected of carrying out the plot after a car bomb was found. Two Iraqi nationals, during the FBI interviews in Kuwait, admitted to attempting to carry out an attack under direction of the IIS. On 26 June of that year, in response to an attempted assassination by IIS on former US President George H. W. Bush, US President

fire Tomahawk cruise missiles on the IIS principal command and control complex in Baghdad.^[4]

16 of the 23 missiles hit their target; three struck a residential area, killing nine civilians and wounding 12. Four of the missiles were unaccounted for.

In June 1995, Saddam Hussein dismissed his stepbrother

Ali Hasan al-Majid

was named as his successor.

The IIS was officially dissolved on 23 May 2003 by the Administrator of the

CPA Order Number 2.^[5]