Island of Príncipe Biosphere Reserve

Island of Príncipe Biosphere Reserve
Ilhéu Santana (Islet of Santana)
Location of Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea
Location	São Tomé and Príncipe
Coordinates	1°35′N 7°23′E / 1.583°N 7.383°E / 1.583; 7.383
Area	71,592.56 hectares (276.4204 sq mi)
Established	2012
Governing body	Região Autónoma do Príncipe

The Island of Príncipe Biosphere Reserve (established 2012) is a

• Core area: 17,242.37 hectares (66.57 sq mi) [marine 11,198.55 hectares (43.24 sq mi); land 6,043.82 hectares (23.34 sq mi)]
• Buffer zone: 11,769.92 hectares (45.44 sq mi) [marine 10,323.18 hectares (39.86 sq mi); land 1,446.74 hectares (5.59 sq mi)]
• Transition area: 42,580.27 hectares (164.40 sq mi) [marine 36,081.76 hectares (139.31 sq mi); land 6,498.51 hectares (25.09 sq mi)][1]

Ecological characteristics

The island is characterized by its gentle relief in the northern half of the island and a mountain range in the southern half composed of several phonolitic peaks with altitudes between 500 and 948 meters (1,640 and 3,110 ft) where there is a patch of primary rainforest. The difference in geomorphology and terrain between the two sides, results in differentiated bioclimatology, has influence in the distribution of major types of ecosystems of the island, such as lotic (river) systems in the area of the massif and its valleys and lentic (lake) systems in the northern plains area.^[1]

The biosphere reserve is home to great

Considering the importance that this area has for the reproduction of sea turtles, seabirds and cetaceans, as well as coral reefs, on the international scene, it is an area of great interest for the conservation of global biological diversity.^[1]

Socio-economic characteristics

As of September 2012^[update], the resident population in the reserve was 6.737 inhabitants, all of whom live in the transition zone as all the islets are uninhabited.^[1]

The economic activities in the biosphere reserve are essentially fishing and agriculture (especially cocoa, coffee and copra) besides a small tourist development, mainly composed of some tourism in the capital of Santo Antonio and an island resort in the area of Bom Bom. Agriculture and fisheries are mainly subsistence activities, particularly for consumption and trade surpluses in the local market. Agricultural and fish products are mainly consumed in their primary form, but there are some processed products such as dried fish, fried bananas, the “cacharamba” (local sugar cane rum) and palm wine.^[1]

Sources

 This article incorporates text from a free content work. (license statement/permission). Text taken from UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory​, UNESCO, UNESCO.

References