Isle of Arran
Brythonic for "high place" | |
---|---|
Arran Sunset Taken from Bell Stane, Ardneil Bay, 2007 | |
Location | |
OS grid reference | NR950359 |
Coordinates | 55°34′39″N 5°14′15″W / 55.5775°N 5.2375°W |
Physical geography | |
Island group | Firth of Clyde |
Area | 43,201 hectares (167 sq mi) |
Area rank | 7[2] [3] |
Highest elevation | Goat Fell 874 m (2,867 ft) |
Administration | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Country | Scotland |
Council area | North Ayrshire |
Demographics | |
Population | 4,629[4] |
Population rank | 6[4] [3] |
Population density | 10.72 people/km2[4][5] |
Largest settlement | Lamlash |
References | [6] |
The Isle of Arran
Arran has been continuously inhabited since the early Neolithic period. Numerous prehistoric remains have been found. From the 6th century onwards, Goidelic-speaking peoples from Ireland colonised it and it became a centre of religious activity. In the troubled Viking Age, Arran became the property of the Norwegian crown, until formally absorbed by the kingdom of Scotland in the 13th century. The 19th-century "clearances" led to significant depopulation and the end of the Gaelic language and way of life. The economy and population have recovered in recent years, the main industry being tourism. However, the increase in tourism and people buying holiday homes on the Island, the second highest rate of such homes in the UK, has led to a shortage of affordable homes on the Island.[9] There is a diversity of wildlife, including three species of tree endemic to the area.
The Island includes miles of coastal pathways, numerous hills and mountains, forested areas, rivers, small lochs and beaches. Its main beaches are at Brodick, Whiting Bay, Kildonan, Sannox and Blackwaterfoot.
Etymology
Most of the islands of Scotland have been occupied consecutively by speakers of at least four languages since the Iron Age. Therefore, the names of many islands have more than one possible origin, including Arran. Mac an Tàilleir (2003) says the name "is said to be unrelated" to those of Arranmore or the Aran Islands in Ireland, which come from Irish Árainn meaning "kidney-shaped", though he does not rule out this derivation.[10]
Unusually for a Scottish island, Haswell-Smith (2004) and William Cook Mackenzie (1931) offer a Brythonic derivation and a meaning of "high place" (c.f. Middle Welsh aran) which at least corresponds with the geography – Arran is significantly loftier than all the land that immediately surrounds it along the shores of the Firth of Clyde.[8][11]
Any other Brythonic place-names that may have existed, save perhaps for Mayish,[12] were later replaced on Arran as the Goidelic-speaking Gaels spread from Ireland, via their adjacent kingdom of Dál Riata.
During the Viking Age it became, along with most Scottish islands, the property of the Norwegian crown, at which time it may have been known as "Herrey" or "Hersey". As a result of this Norse influence, many current place-names on Arran are of Viking origin.[13]
Geography
The island lies in the
The largest glen on the island is Glen Iorsa to the west, whilst narrow Glen Sannox (
Villages
Arran has several villages, mainly around the shoreline. Brodick (Old Norse: 'broad bay') is the site of the ferry terminal, several hotels, and the majority of shops. Brodick Castle is a seat of the Dukes of Hamilton. Lamlash, however, is the largest village on the island and in 2001 had a population of 1,010 (1,100 mid-2020 est.) compared to 621 for Brodick.[20] Other villages include Lochranza and Catacol in the north, Corrie in the north east, Blackwaterfoot and Kilmory in the south west, Kildonan in the south and Whiting Bay in the south east.
Surrounding islands
Arran has three smaller satellite islands: Holy Island lies to the east opposite Lamlash, Pladda is located off Arran's south coast and tiny Hamilton Isle lies just off Clauchlands Point 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) north of Holy Island. Eilean na h-Àirde Bàine off the south west of Arran at Corriecravie is a skerry connected to Arran at low tide. Ailsa Craig is situated south east of Arran and on a clear day is visible from most of Arran's south coast.
Other islands in the Firth of Clyde include Bute, Great Cumbrae and Inchmarnock.
Geology
The division between the "Highland" and "Lowland" areas of Arran is marked by the
Most of the interior of the northern half of the island is taken up by a large granite batholith that was created by substantial magmatic activity around 58 million years ago in the Paleogene period.[22] This comprises an outer ring of coarse granite and an inner core of finer grained granite, which was intruded later. This granite was intruded into the Late Proterozoic to Cambrian metasediments of the Dalradian Supergroup. Other Paleogene igneous rocks on Arran include extensive felsic and composite sills in the south of the island, and the central ring complex, an eroded caldera system surrounded by a near-continuous ring of granitic rocks.[23]
Sedimentary rocks dominate the southern half of the island, especially Old and New Red Sandstone. Some of these sandstones contain fulgurites – pitted marks that may have been created by Permian lightning strikes.[21] Large aeolian sand dunes are preserved in Permian sandstones near Brodick, showing the presence of an ancient desert. Within the central complex are subsided blocks of Triassic sandstone and marl, Jurassic shale, and even a rare example of Cretaceous chalk.[24][25] During the 19th century barytes was mined near Sannox. First discovered in 1840, nearly 5,000 tons were produced between 1853 and 1862. The mine was closed by the 11th Duke of Hamilton on the grounds that it "spoiled the solemn grandeur of the scene" but was reopened after the First World War and operated until 1938 when the vein ran out.[26]
Visiting in 1787, the geologist
The
The island also has the highest concentration of pitchstone sources in the United Kingdom, with approximately 100 documented sources of it on the island.[36]
Climate
The influence of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf Stream create a mild oceanic climate. Temperatures are generally cool, averaging about 6 °C (43 °F) in January and 16 °C (61 °F) in July at sea level.[37] The southern half of the island, being less mountainous, has a more favourable climate than the north, and the east coast is more sheltered from the prevailing winds than the west and south.
Snow seldom lies at sea level and frosts are less frequent than on the mainland. As in most islands of the west coast of Scotland, annual rainfall is generally high at between 1,500 mm (59 in) in the south and west and 1,900 mm (75 in) in the north and east. The mountains are wetter still with the summits receiving over 2,550 mm (100 in) annually. May and June are the sunniest months, with upwards of 200 hours of bright sunshine being recorded on average.[37]
History
Prehistory
Arran has a particular concentration of early Neolithic Clyde Cairns, a form of Gallery grave. The typical style of these is a rectangular or trapezoidal stone and earth mound that encloses a chamber lined with larger stone slabs. Pottery and bone fragments found inside them suggest they were used for interment and some have forecourts, which may have been an area for public display or ritual. There are two good examples in Monamore Glen west of the village of Lamlash,[38] and similar structures called the Giants' Graves above Whiting Bay. There are numerous standing stones dating from prehistoric times, including six stone circles on Machrie Moor (Gaelic: Am Machaire).[39]
Several Bronze Age sites have been excavated, including Ossian's Mound near Clachaig and a cairn near Blackwaterfoot that produced a bronze dagger and a gold fillet.[41] Torr a' Chaisteal Dun in the south west near Sliddery is the ruin of an Iron Age fortified structure dating from about AD 200. The original walls would have been 3 metres (9.8 ft) or more thick and enclosed a circular area about 14 metres (46 ft) in diameter.[42]
In 2019, a Lidar survey revealed 1,000 ancient sites in Arran including a cursus[43] near Drumadoon. Excavation began in 2023. This is believed to be the only complete example in Britain.[44]
Gaels, Vikings and Middle Ages
An ancient Irish poem called Agalllamh na Senorach, first recorded in the 13th century, describes the attractions of the island.
Arran of the many stags
The sea strikes against her shoulders,
Companies of men can feed there,
Blue spears are reddened among her boulders.
Merry hinds are on her hills,
Juicy berries are there for food,
Refreshing water in her streams,
Nuts in plenty in the wood.[45]
The monastery of Aileach founded by St. Brendan in the 6th century may have been on Arran and St. Molaise was also active, with Holy Isle being a centre of Brendan's activities.[46] The caves below Keil Point (Gaelic: Rubha na Cille) contain a slab which may have been an ancient altar. This stone has two petrosomatoglyphs on it, the prints of two right feet, said to be of Saint Columba.[47]
In the 11th century Arran became part of the Sodor (Old Norse: 'Suðr-eyjar'), or South Isles of the
On the opposite side of the island near Blackwaterfoot is the King's Cave (see above), where
Modern era
At the commencement of the
Goatfell was the scene of the death of English tourist Edwin Rose who was allegedly murdered by John Watson Laurie in 1889 on the mountain. Laurie was sentenced to death, later commuted to a life sentence and spent the rest of his life in prison.[59]
On 10 August 1941 a RAF
Year | Population[61] | Year | Population | |
1755 | 3,646 | 1931 | 4,506 | |
1782 | 5,804 | 1961 | 3,700 | |
1821 | 6,600 | 1971 | 3,564 | |
1841 | 6,241 | 1981 | 3,845 | |
1881 | 4,730 | 1991 | 4,474 | |
1891 | 4,824 | 2001 | 5,058 | |
2011 | 4,629 |
Arran's resident population was 4,629 in 2011, a decline of just over 8 per cent from the 5,045 recorded in 2001,[62] against a background of Scottish island populations as a whole growing by 4 per cent to 103,702 over the same period.[63]
Gaelic
Local government
From the 17th to the late 20th century, Arran was part of the County of Bute.[64] After the 1975 reorganisation of local government Arran became part of the district of Cunninghame in Strathclyde Region.[65] This two-tier system of local government lasted until 1996 when the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 came into effect, abolishing the regions and districts and replacing them with 32 council areas. Arran is now in the North Ayrshire council area, along with some of the other constituent islands of the County of Bute.
In the
For some statistical purposes Arran is within the registration county of Bute,[67] and for ceremonial purposes it forms part of the lieutenancy area of Ayrshire and Arran.
In the House of Commons, since 2005 it has been part of
In the Scottish Parliament, Arran is part of the constituency of Cunninghame North, currently represented by Kenneth Gibson of the Scottish National Party (SNP). The Labour Party held the seat until 2007, when the SNP gained it by 48 votes, making it the most marginal seat in Holyrood until 2011, when the SNP increased its majority to 6,117 over Labour.[68] Cunninghame North sits within the West Scotland Scottish Parliament Electoral Region.
Health services
NHS Ayrshire and Arran is responsible for the provision of health services for the island. Arran War Memorial Hospital is a 17-bed acute hospital at Lamlash. The Arran Medical Group provides primary-care services and supports the hospital. The practice is based at Brodick Health Centre and has three base surgeries and four branch surgeries.[69]
Transport
Arran is connected to the Scottish mainland by two ferry routes operated by Caledonian MacBrayne (CalMac). The Brodick to Ardrossan service is provided by MV Caledonian Isles, with additional summer sailings by MV Isle of Arran. A service to Lochranza is provided by MV Catriona from Claonaig in summer and from Tarbert in winter.[70] Summer day trips are also available on board the paddle steamer PS Waverley, and a summer service operated by a local resident connects Lamlash to the neighbouring Holy Island.
Brodick Ferry Terminal underwent £22 million of work to improve connections to the island. The new terminal includes better passenger facilities, increased passenger and freight capacity, and a new pier, all of which were set to open in August 2017 but finally opened on 20 March 2018, due to various construction issues. The island is due to be served by a new £45-million dual-fuelled ferry,
There are three through roads on the island. The 90 km (56 mi) coast road circumnavigates the island. In 2007, a 48 km (30 mi) stretch of this road, previously designated as A841, was de-classified as a C road. Travelling south from Whiting Bay, the C147 goes round the south coast continuing north up the west coast of the island to Lochranza. At this point the road becomes the A841 down the east coast back to Whiting Bay.[72] At one point the coast road ventures inland to climb the 200 metres (660 ft) pass at the Boguillie between Creag Ghlas Laggan and Caisteal Abhail, located between Sannox and Lochranza.[19]
The other two roads run across from the east to the west side of the island. The main cross-island road is the 19 km (12 mi) B880 from Brodick to Blackwaterfoot, called "The String", which climbs over Gleann an t-Suidhe. About 10 kilometres (6 mi) from Brodick, a minor road branches off to the right to Machrie. The single-track road "The Ross" runs 15 kilometres (9 mi) from Lamlash to Lagg and Sliddery via Glen Scorodale (Gaelic: Gleann Sgoradail).[73]
The island can be explored using a public bus service operated by Stagecoach.[74] The bus service is subsidised by the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport.[75] The main bus terminal on the island is located in Brodick at the Ferry Terminal. The newly upgraded facility offers routes to all parts of the island.
The closest airport to the Isle of Arran is Campbeltown Airport via the Campbeltown to Brodick ferry.
Economy
Tourism
The main industry on the island is tourism, with outdoor activities such as walking, cycling and wildlife watching being especially popular.[76] Popular walking routes include climbing to the summit of Goat Fell, and the Arran Coastal Way, a 107 km (66 mi) trail that goes around the coastline the island.[77][78][79] The Arran Coastal Way was designated as one of Scotland's Great Trails by Scottish Natural Heritage in June 2017.[80]
One of Arran's greatest attractions for tourists is
The island has a number of golf courses including the 12 hole Shiskine links course which was founded in 1896.[82] The village of Lagg, at the southern tip of Arran, has a nudist beach. Known as Cleat's Shore, it has been described as one of the quietest nudist facilities in the world.[83]
Other industries
Farming and forestry are other important industries. Plans for 2008 for a large
Isle of Arran Brewery is a
Popular culture
The island features in The Scottish Chiefs.[91]
The Scottish Gaelic dialect of Arran died out when the last speaker Donald Craig died in the 1970s. However, there is now a Gaelic House in Brodick, set up at the end of the 1990s. Brodick Castle features on the Royal Bank of Scotland £20 note and Lochranza Castle was used as the model for the castle in The Adventures of Tintin, volume seven, The Black Island.
Arran has one newspaper, The Arran Banner. It was listed in the Guinness Book of Records in November 1984 as the "local newspaper which achieves the closest to a saturation circulation in its area". The entry reads: "The Arran Banner, founded in 1974, has a readership of more than 97 per cent in Britain's seventh largest off-shore island."[92] There is also an online monthly publication called Voice for Arran, which mainly publishes articles contributed by community members.[93]
In 2010 an "Isle of Arran" version of the game Monopoly was launched.[94]
The
Arran landscapes have been the inspiration for numerous famous artists including Cragie Aitchison, Joan Eardley, Jessie M King , and Samuel Peploe.[96][97][98]
”The Isle Of Arran” is a song by British rapper Loyle Carner.
Nature and conservation
Flora
The island has three
Birds
Over 250
Marine conservation
The north of Lamlash Bay became a Marine Protected Area and No Take Zone under the
North Arran National Scenic Area
The northern part of the island is designated a
Notable residents
- Calman Commission on Scottish devolution[117]
- Flora Drummond (1878–1949) – suffragette
- Lieut. Col. James Fullarton, C. B., K. H. (1782–1834) – fought at the Battle of Waterloo.
- .
- Jack McConnell (born 1960) – First Minister of Scotland (2001–2007)
- Robert McLellan (1907–1985) – playwright and poet in Scots
- Katharine O'Donnelly – actress
- Alison Prince (1931–2019) – children's writer
- J. M. Robertson (1856–1933) – politician and journalist
- Agnes Miller Parker (1895–1980) – engraver and illustrator, Glasgow School of Art
See also
- Fauna of Scotland
- Flora of Scotland
- Geology of Scotland
- Hutton's Unconformity
- List of islands of Scotland
- Clan Douglas
References
- Notes
- ^ Murchad MacSween is called "Margad" in the original Norwegian text.[49] According to Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar, "In this expedition King Haco regained all those provinces which King Magnus Barefoot had acquired, and conquered from the Scotch and Hebrideans, as is here narrated."[50]
- Footnotes
- ^ Downie (1933) p. 38. Downie also offers "Hersey".
- ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
- ^ 2011 census.
- ^ a b c National Records of Scotland (15 August 2013). "Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands" (PDF). Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two) (PDF) (Report). SG/2013/126. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
- ^ Haswell-Smith (2004) p.11.
- ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
- ^ "Isle of Arran". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
- ^ a b Haswell-Smith (2004) pp. 11–17.
- ^ "Housing crisis on Arran leaves hundreds of islanders without homes". The Guardian. 22 April 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
- ^ Mac an Tàilleir, Iain (2003) Ainmean-àite/Placenames. (pdf) Pàrlamaid na h-Alba. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
- ^ Mackenzie, William Cook (1931). Scottish Place-names. K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Company. p. 124.
- ^ Mac an Tàilleir, Iain. "Gaelic Place Names (K-O)" (PDF). The Scottish Parliament. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
- ^ Downie (1933) pp. 38–39.
- ^ Keay and Keay (1994) p. 42 refers to "the profile of the 'Sleeping Warrior' of Arran as seen from the Clyde Coast". Various websites claim the phrase refers to single hills, none of which individually resemble a reclining human figure.
- ^ "Arran Page 1" Archived 3 August 2012 at archive.today hughspicer.fsnet.co.uk. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
- ^ Downie (1933) p. 2.
- ^ Johnstone et al. (1990) pp. 223–26.
- ^ Haswell-Smith (1994) p. 13.
- ^ a b c Grid reference NR988355
- ^ "Scrol Browser" Archived 4 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine Scotland's Census Results Online. Retrieved 8 March 2008.
- ^ a b c McKirdy et al. (2007) pp. 297- 301.
- ^ Chambers (2000) PhD Thesis
- S2CID 129891547.
- ^ King (1955) pp. 326
- ^ The implications of this small chalk outcrop are considerable. It suggests that like much of southern England, Scotland once had considerable deposits of this material that have been subsequently eroded away, although there is no clear-cut evidence of this. See McKirdy et al. (2007) p. 298.
- ^ Hall (2001) p. 28
- S2CID 21512583. Retrieved 26 March 2008.
- ^ "Hutton's Unconformity – Lochranza, Isle of Arran, UK – Places of Geologic Significance on Waymarking.com". Waymarking.com. Retrieved 20 October 2008. The site was not sufficiently convincing for him to publish his find until the discovery of a second site near Jedburgh.
- ^ Murray (1973) pp. 68–69.
- ^ McKirdy et al. (2007) p. 28.
- ^ Andrew Rogie. "Geology of Arran". Retrieved 9 November 2008.
- ^ Downie (1933) pp. 70–71.
- ^ This cave is one of several associated with the legend of Robert the Bruce and the spider. See McKirdy et al. (2007) p. 301.
- ^ "1:50000 map of Arran". Streetmap.co.uk. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
- ^ Downie (1933) p. 19 records that the Scriden rocks fell "it is said, some two hundred years ago, with a concussion that shook the earth and was heard in Bute and Argyllshire".
- ^ a b "Vol 38 (2009): Gazetteer of Arran Pitchstone Sources: presentation of exposed pitchstone dykes and sills across the Isle of Arran, and discussion of the archaeological relevance of these outcrops | Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports". journals.socantscot.org. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Regional mapped climate averages" Met Office. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
- ^ Noble (2006) pp. 104–08.
- ^ "Machrie Moor Stone Circles". Undiscovered Scotland. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ hdl:10454/9048.
- ^ Downie (1933) pp. 29–30.
- ^ "Torr a' Chaisteal Dun". Undiscovered Scotland. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ "Airborne laser scan reveals Arran's 1,000 ancient sites". BBC News. 10 October 2019.
- ^ "Vast neolithic monument found on Isle of Arran". The Times. 7 September 2023.
- ^ Downie (1933) pp. 34–35.
- ^ Downie (1933) pp. 35–37.
- ^ Beare (1996) p. 26.
- ^ Murray (1973) p. 167–71.
- ^ W. D. H. Sellar, (October 1966) "The Origins and Ancestry of Somerled". The Scottish Historical Review/JSTOR. 45 No. 140, Part 2 pp. 131–32. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
- ^ a b Johnstone, Rev. James (1882) The Norwegian Account of Haco's Expedition Against Scotland; A.D. MCCLXIII. Chapter 20. William Brown, Edinburgh/Project Gutenberg. Originally printed 1782. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
- ^ Downie (1933) pp. 38–40.
- ^ "King's Cave: The cave at Drummadoon". showcaves.com. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ Downie (1933) pp.42–43. He states that the 1406 attack led by the Earl of Lennox "utterly destroyed" the structure.
- ^ Coventry (2008) pp. 53, 255 and 551.
- ^ Taylor (1887) vol. 2, p. 3.
- ^ Quoted by Haswell Smith (2004) p. 12.
- ^ Mackillop, Dugald "The History of the Highland Clearances: Buteshire – Arran" electricscotland.com. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ "Lagantuine – Isle of Arran, Ayrshire UK" waymarking.com. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ "Visits to Crash Sites in Scotland". Peak District Air Accident Research. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ Haswell Smith (2004) p. 11.
- ^ General Register Office for Scotland (28 November 2003) Scotland's Census 2001 – Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ "Scotland's 2011 census: Island living on the rise". BBC News. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- ^ Downie (1933), p. 1, confirms this status at the publication date.
- ^ "District: Cunninghame" Archived 6 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine. ScotlandsPlaces. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ "Council elections 2022: Tories take 32% of vote in Arran". Ardrossan & Saltcoats Herald. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ "Land Register Counties: Operational Dates and Alphabetical List of Places in Scotland" (PDF). Registers of Scotland. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
- ^ "2007 Election Results Analysis: Table 18" (pdf) scottish.parliament.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2009.
- ^ "Arran Medical Group". Arran Medical. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
- ^ "More about Arran". Caledonian MacBrayne. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "Long-delayed Ferguson ferry Glen Sannox begins sea trials". BBC News. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
- ^ "Arran coast road reclassified" Arran Coast Road. Retrieved 19 July 2009.
- ^ Downie (1933) p. 5.
- ^ "Arran Bus Timetable 2009" (pdf) Stagecoach. Retrieved 19 July 2009.
- ^ "New five-year contract for Arran bus services awarded". pocketmags.com. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
- ^ "Arran Visitor Guide". Visit Scotland. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
- ^ "Scotland's Great Trails". Scottish Natural Heritage & Rucksack Readers. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
- ^ "Goat Fell". Walk Highlands. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
- ^ "The Route". Arran Coastal Way. 4 August 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
- ^ "Arran Coastal Way recognised as one of 'Scotland's Great Trails'". Arran Coastal Way. 20 June 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
- ^ "Auchrannie Resort on the Isle of Arran" www.auchrannie.co.uk. Retrieved 1 March 2008
- ^ "A wee history". Shiskine Golf and Tennis Club. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
- ^ "Where are Scotland's best nudist beaches?" Archived 29 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine (26 July 2016) Daily Record. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
- ^ Ross, John (27 February 2008). "Fish-farm plan sparks fears for marine reserve". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
- ^ "Sun sets on fishing in island bay". BBC News. 21 September 2008. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
- ^ "Cask Ales". Arran Brewery. Archived from the original on 21 September 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2010.
- ^ "Visitor Centre & Shop". Arran Brewery. Archived from the original on 14 October 2004. Retrieved 3 April 2010.
- ^ Pearce, Daniel (9 May 2008). "Arran Brewery Company goes into administration". The Publican. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 22 May 2008.
- ^ "Arran Brewery admits strategy mistake as profits fall". HeraldScotland. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
- ^ "Arran Energy". Retrieved 27 March 2019.
- ISBN 9780684193403.
- ^ "Banner goes from strength to strength." (13 April 2007) arranbanner.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2009.
- ^ "Voice for Arran" voiceforarran.com. Retrieved 9 July 2010.
- ^ "Monopoly – Isle of Arran Edition" Archived 9 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine arranmonopoly.com Retrieved 15 April 2010.
- ^ Morris, Johnny (17 March 2006). "Grail Trail". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2007.
- ^ Tate. "'Crucifixion 9', Craigie Aitchison, 1987". Tate. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
- ^ "King, Jessie Marion – Glasgow School of Art: Archives & Collections". gsaarchives.net. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
- ^ "Arran by Samuel JohnPeploe". artnet.com. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
- ^ "Arran Wildlife". arranwildlife.co.uk. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ Johnston, Ian (15 June 2007). "Trees on Arran 'are a whole new species'". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. Archived from the original on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2007.
- ISBN 978-0-904853-03-2.
- ^ "Arran Northern Mountains SSSI: Site Management Statement". NatureScot. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
- ^ Eric Bignal (1980). "The endemic whitebeams of North Arran". The Glasgow Naturalist. 20 (1): 60–64.
- ^ "Birding on Arran". Arran Birding. Archived from the original on 28 December 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ "Iconic Birds at Risk". Sunday Herald. Glasgow. 1 February 2009. Available as Ptarmigan disappearing from southern Scotland
- capercaillie.
- ^ "Ptarmigan". Arran Birding. Archived from the original on 12 June 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ "A6.102a Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax (breeding)" (pdf) JNCC. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
- ^ "Site Details for Arran Moors SPA". NatureScot. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
- ^ "UK MPAs" Archived 8 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine UK MPA Centre. Retrieved 6 October 2010.
- ^ "Marine Conservation" Scottish Government. Retrieved 6 October 2010.
- ^ Weldon, Victoria (1 October 2014) "South Arran target for historic marine preservation order". The Herald. Glasgow. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
- ^ "South Arran NCMPA". NatureScot. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
- ^ a b "North Arran National Scenic Area". NatureScot. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
- ^ "National Scenic Areas". NatureScot. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
- ^ "National Scenic Areas – Maps". SNH. 20 December 2010. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
- ^ "Sir Kenneth Calman – biography"[dead link] BMA. Retrieved 20 June 2009.
- General references
- Beare, Beryl (1996) Scotland. Myths & Legends. Avonmouth. Parragon. ISBN 0-7525-1694-9
- Coventry, Martin (2008) Castles of the Clans. Musselburgh. Goblinshead. ISBN 978-1-899874-36-1
- Downie, R. Angus (1933) All About Arran. Glasgow. Blackie and Son.
- Hall, Ken (2001) The Isle of Arran. Catrine. Stenlake Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84033-135-6
- Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004) The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh. Canongate. ISBN 1-84195-454-3
- Holmer, N. (1957) The Gaelic of Arran. Dublin. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
- Johnstone, Scott; Brown, Hamish; and Bennet, Donald (1990) The Corbetts and Other Scottish Hills. Edinburgh. Scottish Mountaineering Trust. ISBN 0-907521-29-0
- Keay, J., and Keay, J. (1994) ISBN 0-00-255082-2
- McKirdy, Alan Gordon, John & Crofts, Roger (2007) Land of Mountain and Flood: The Geology and Landforms of Scotland. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 978-1-84158-357-0
- Murray, W.H.(1973) The Islands of Western Scotland. London. Eyre Methuen. SBN 413303802
- Noble, Gordon (2006) Neolithic Scotland: Timber, Stone, Earth and Fire. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-2338-8
- Ó Dochartaigh, C. (1997) Survey of the Gaelic Dialects of Scotland. Dublin. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
- Taylor, J. (1887) Great Historic Families of Scotland vol 2. London. J.S. Virtue & Co.
External links
- Map sources for Isle of Arran
- Information on the Arran Coastal Way long distance path
- Visitor's guide with news, events, transport and accommodation.
- Arran seen from space, NASA
- The Isle of Arran Heritage Museum
- The Arran Banner Arran's local newspaper