Tremiti Islands

Coordinates: 42°07′N 15°30′E / 42.117°N 15.500°E / 42.117; 15.500
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Isole Tremiti
)

Tremiti Islands
Isole Tremiti
Comune di Isole Tremiti
A view of San Nicola island from the nearby San Domino island, with the Abbey of Santa Maria a Mare fortified complex.
A view of San Nicola island from the nearby San Domino island, with the Abbey of Santa Maria a Mare fortified complex.
Coat of arms of Tremiti Islands
Tremiti within the Province of Foggia
Tremiti within the Province of Foggia
Location of Tremiti Islands
Map
ISTAT code
071026
Patron saintOur Lady of Assumption
Saint day15 August
WebsiteOfficial website

The Tremiti Islands (

Gargano Peninsula. They constitute a comune of Italy's Province of Foggia, Apulia and form part of the Gargano national park. The archipelago is composed of 5 islands: San Domino, San Nicola, Capraia, Cretaccio, and Pianosa.[3]

The islands were used for the internment of political prisoners during Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime.[4] But it was also the prison of Julia the Younger, the granddaughter of Augustus.

The islands are now an important tourist attraction because of the clear waters surrounding them. Up to 100,000 visitors come to the islands in the summer season.[5] Ferry services from the mainland operate from Termoli, Vieste, Rodi Garganico and Capoiale,[6] while Alidaunia offers flights from San Domino Heliport to Foggia and Vieste.[7]

Toponym

The origin of the name of the islands is uncertain. Some of the theories include:

  • it may relate to the seismic hazard of the area, which has a long history of earthquakes (from Latin tremor)
  • it may date back to the times of Augustus, who exiled his granddaughter Julia the Younger to one of these islands, and then named Trimerus in Latin, maybe from Greek Τρίμερος Trímeros, meaning "three places" or "three islands").
  • it may be due to the three-peak hill on the main island described by the cleric Basilio Sereno in an epigram written to Celso Bishop of Vercelli[8]

Islands

  • San Domino is where most of the population resides. It is the most developed island for tourism and has the only sand beach in the archipelago.
  • San Nicola is the site of a monastery where a monk named Nicolò was buried. Legend has it that every time someone tried to move his corpse off the island, a violent storm would break out, preventing navigation around the island.
  • Capraia (or Capperaia) is deserted.
  • Cretaccio is a large block of clay and thus uninhabited.
  • Pianosa is a small, uninhabited island. Its maximum elevation is 15 metres (49 ft). Sometimes, during storms, the waves cover it.

History

Inhabited since late Iron Age times (4th-3rd centuries BC), the Tremiti Islands have been a place of confinement since ancient times. Roman emperor

Montecassino
.

In the 13th century, the abbey had gained its autonomy from the father monastery, and owned lands from the

Cistercian order. In 1334 the abbey was sacked by Dalmatian pirates from Omiš
.

In 1412 the

.

During the

Ferdinand II of Two Sicilies moved a number of people from Naples
' slums to the islands, who mostly became fishermen.

In 1911, about 1,300 Libyans who had resisted Italian colonial rule were confined to Tremiti. After a year, around one-third of them had died, mainly from typhus.

1930s

During the Fascist era, the archipelago continued to perform its function of confinement, detaining, among others, Amerigo Dumini, and future president of the Republic, Sandro Pertini.

Mussolini had hundreds of homosexuals deported to San Domino, in 1938. No law prohibited homosexuality at the time, and Mussolini also denied its existence, saying, "In Italy, there are only real men".[citation needed] However, suspected or reported homosexuals were rounded up and deported. San Domino had the distinction of being the only internment camp in which all the prisoners were gay.[9] The conditions on the island were very difficult, and a few died.[10]

The dormitories were spartan, with no electricity or running water.[9] A bell would ring at 8 p.m. each day, signaling that the men were no longer allowed to be outside. For the remainder of the night, they were locked in their dorm rooms, under police supervision.[9]

The internment camp closed in 1939, as Italy became enmeshed in the beginnings of World War II.[9]

2010s

In May 2012, the provincial government caused a scandal by attempting to sell off blocks of land on two of the islands for development for a reported €4m. Local environmental groups campaigned vigorously and in the event, there were no bidders.[11]

See also

Sources

  • Mancini, Enzo (1979). Isole Tremiti, sassi di Diomede: natura, storia, arte, turismo. Milan: Mursia.

References

  1. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  3. ^ "Isole Tremiti". Isole Tremiti. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  4. ^ Johnston, Alan (13 June 2013). "A gay island community created by Italy's Fascists". BBC News. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
  5. ^ Lonely Planet http://www.lonelyplanet.com/italy/puglia/isole-tremiti
  6. ^ Staniscia pio luigi (24 July 2007). "TREMITI ISLANDS – Ferry schedule". Lecinqueisole.it. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  7. ^ "Home Page". Alidaunia s.r.l. – Società di navigazione aerea (in Italian). Retrieved 19 March 2017.
  8. ^ Cochorella, Benedicto (1998). Radicchio, Giuseppe (ed.). Descrizione accuratissima delle Isole Tremiti un tempo Isole Diomedee. Translated by Buonanome, Anna Maria. Palomar. p. 25.
  9. ^ a b c d Johnston, Alan. (12 June 2013). A gay island community created by Italy's Fascists. BBC News: retrieved 6/13/2013.
  10. ^ World Fascism, a historical encyclopedia, volume 1.
  11. ^ Squires, Nick (5 June 2012). "Italian austerity forces region to sell its rare mouflon sheep". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

External links