Jacopo Tiepolo
Jacopo Tiepolo | |
---|---|
Doge of Venice | |
In office 1229–1249 | |
Preceded by | Pietro Ziani |
Succeeded by | Marino Morosini |
Podestà of Constantinople | |
In office
| |
Duke of Crete | |
In office 1209–1214 | |
Personal details | |
Born | shortly before 1170 Venice, Republic of Venice |
Died | (aged c. 78–79) Venice, Republic of Venice |
Spouses | |
Jacopo Tiepolo (
Early life and career
Jacopo Tiepolo was the son of Pietro Tiepolo of the
Unlike his ancestors, who had been merchants but uninvolved in Venetian politics, Tiepolo's social rise was couple with increasing participation in politics. Thus in 1205 he was one of the forty electors of
Duke of Crete
Tiepolo's job was to establish the Venetian administration over the island of
Podestà of Constantinople
This experience as a colonial administrator was likely a major reason why in 1218 Tiepolo appointed as
In January 1221 Tiepolo was at Rome, to witness
Tiepolo was back in Rome in April 1223, in order to obtain from
In spring 1227, Tiepolo was again sent as envoy to Rome, and was again podestà of Treviso later in the same year. His second tenure there was marked by his legislative activity.
Dogate
Jacopo was elected Doge on 6 March 1229, his predecessor
Domestic reforms
Tiepolo's dogate brought significant change to Venice. The new doge promulgated new laws on commerce (1219), criminal law (1232), and
Foreign policy
In foreign affairs, Tiepolo continued his predecessor's policy of safeguarding the
Despite
After Frederick's victory over the League at the Battle of Cortenuova in 1237—in which Tiepolo's son, Pietro, led the Milanese forces and was taken prisoner—Venice allied with both Genoa and the Papacy. An envisaged Papal invasion of the Kingdom of Sicily, from which Venice would have gained control of the ports of Barletta and Salpi, failed to materialize, but the Venetians proceeded to campaign in Emilia-Romagna, capturing Ferrara in 1240.[1] In the same year, in retaliation for Venetian attacks against the Apulian coasts, Frederick II ordered the execution of Pietro Tiepolo.[1] Venetian agents also tried to oppose Frederick's policies in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, and in 1242, Tiepolo reconquered the rebellious city of Pula in Istria.[1]
After the sack of Pula, Tiepolo married a second time, to the Sicilian princess Valdrada of Sicily. This union was viewed with suspicion, as it was held to signify Tiepolo's designs on securing the succession of his offspring to the Sicilian throne.[1] This suspicion came at a time when a large part of the ruling establishment began growing weary of Tiepolo's policies and ambitions: indeed, in 1245, three leading Venetian patricians, Marino Morosini, Reniero Zeno and Giovanni da Canal, when captured and brought before Frederick II, repudiated the recently announced excommunication of the Emperor. This was a clear repudiation of Tiepolo's policy and marked an end to the open conflict between Venice and Frederick.[1]
Abdication and death
Tiepolo abdicated in May 1249,[1] and retired thereafter to his private residence at Sant' Agostino, in San Polo.
Tiepolo died on 19 July 1249, and was buried in the church of
Family
Tiepolo married twice, firstly to Maria Storlato, and secondly to Valdrada of Sicily.[1] Maria bore him four children: Lorenzo, who served as doge from 1268 to 1275; the aforementioned Pietro, podestà of Treviso; a third son named Giovanni, who was active as a military commander in the war against Frederick; and a daughter, also named Maria, who married into the Gradenigo family.[1] Valdrada bore him two children, both young at the time of their father's death, and whose identities remain unknown. She outlived her husband by around three years.[7]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae Pozza 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f Jacoby 2006, p. 69.
- ^ Jacoby 2006, p. 70.
- ^ a b Jacoby 2006, pp. 70–71.
- ^ John Jeffries Martin and Dennis Romano, Venice Reconsidered: The History and Civilization of an Italian City-state, p. 77-81
- ^ John Julius Norwich A History of Venice (London: Penguin Books), p. 151
- ^ Edgcumbe Staley The Dogaressas of Venice: The Wives of the Doges (London: T. W. Laurie, 1910), pp. 97-99
Sources
- Jacoby, David (2006). "The Venetian Government and Administration in Latin Constantinople, 1204–1261: A State within a State". In Gherardo Ortalli; Giorgio Ravegnani; Peter Schreiner (eds.). Quarta Crociata. Venezia - Bisanzio - Impero latino. Atti delle giornate di studio. Venezia, 4-8 maggio 2004. Venice: Istituto veneto di scienze, lettere ed arti. pp. 19–79. ISBN 978-8-8881-4374-3.
- ISBN 0-521-34157-4.
- Pozza, Marco (2019). "TIEPOLO, Giacomo". ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.