Jain sculpture
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Jain sculptures or Jain idols are the images depicting
Iconography
The Jain idols are males depicted in both sitting and standing postures.
Jivantasvami
The Jivantasvami images represent Lord Mahavira (and in some cases other Tirthankaras) as a prince, with a crown and ornaments. The Jina is represented as standing in the kayotsarga pose.[8][9]
Examples
Giant rock-cut statues of Jain Tirthankaras are carved in the
Charans are footprints exclusive to Jain temples. The charan of Tirthankara Rishabhanatha are present at the Badrinath Temple.[citation needed]
Akota Bronzes and Vasantgarh hoard of Gujarat; Hansi hoard of Haryana, Chausa hoard and Aluara bronzes from Bihar.
In Tamil Nadu
Jainism spread here and there all over
Kalugumalai Jain Beds near Madurai belongs to one century latter is to be compared with Thirpparankunram Jain sculpture. In addition a propelling stone statue of a Jain monk mentioned in Tamil literature is also present. Cave inscriptions in Brahmi script of Chera kings in Pugalur probably one century earlier to that of the literature we have taken to our consideration, names some of the Jain Monks vs Yatrur Senkayapan, Pittan, Kotran. Pittan and Kotran are the chieftains of Tamil Nadu also mentioned in Tamil literature more or less to the same period.
In museums
Lohanipur torso found in a central Division of Patna, ancient Pataliputra, dates back to 3rd century BCE.[12] Some of the oldest Jain sculptures excaved at Kankali Tila are in the Government Museum, Mathura.[13] Many Jain sculptures are kept in Government Museum, Chennai.[14][15]
The oldest Jain sculpture in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York is of the Siddha Bahubali.[16]
Jain vs Buddhist iconography
A Buddhist image can be in one of several
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Toluvila statue Buddha from Anuradhapura, 5th Century CE, Colombo
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Lord Neminatha (Akota Bronzes 7th century)
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Rishabhanatha 5th Century CE, from Kankali Tila
Chronological Gallery: Kayotsarga Statues
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Four Fold Jain Image 1st Century Kankali Tila Mathura
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Bahubali, Metropolitan Museum of Art (6th CE)
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Mathura Museum, 6th century
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Converted image of Parshvanatha
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Suparsvanatha, Norton Simon Museum, c. 900 CE
Chronological Gallery: Padmasana Statues
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Rishabhanatha, Parshvanatha, Neminatha, and Mahavira, LACMA, Uttar Pradesh, circa 600
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Parshvanatha, Art Institute of Chicago, 6th century
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Parshvanatha, 600-700
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Neminatha, 7th C, Akota Bronzes
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Rishabhanatha, 800-900
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, 10th century
Deities Gallery
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Mathura Museum, 1st-3rd century CE
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Jain Family Group, 6th century
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Ambika, 6th century
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Gomukha, c. 8th century
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Padmavati, 10th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Yaksha Sarvahna, c. 900, Norton Simon Museum
Colossal statues
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17.4 m (57 ft) Gommateshwara statue at Shravanabelagola, 10th century
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The 16 m (52 ft) statue of Neminath atTirumalai, the tallest Jain sculpture in Tamil Nadu
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Gopachal Hill, Gwalior Fort, 58.4 feet (17.8 m)
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Rock cutGopachal Hill, Gwalior
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Shantinatha Statue at 9.8 m (32 ft)Shri Mahavirji
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31 ft statue of Lord Vasupujya at Champapur, Bhagalpur
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Munisuvrata statue at 8.23 m (27.0 ft) Shantinath Jain Teerth
See also
- Lohanipur torso
- Akota Bronzes
- Chausa hoard
- Thirakoil
- Jain architecture
- Jain temple
Notes
- ^ "Jainism". 22 March 2011.
- ^ Asia Society: The Collection In Context
- ^ Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700, Volume 1 of Indian Sculpture: A Catalogue of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Pratapaditya Pal, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, University of California Press, 1986 p. 22
- ISBN 9788184753967. Retrieved 15 January 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c Cort 2010.
- ^ Zimmer 1953, p. 209-210.
- ^ Pereira 1977, p. 9.
- ^ Shah 1995, p. 15.
- ^ Shah 1987, p. 35.
- ^ worldvisitguide.com
- ^ Jain sculptures in Gwalior - Abiyoyo
- ^ Olivelle 2006, p. 399.
- ^ Das 1980, p. 171.
- ^ "Government Museum Chennai". Archived from the original on 12 January 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ^ "Government Museum Chennai". Archived from the original on 12 January 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ^ "Jain Siddha Bahubali, Entwined with Forest Vines". The Met’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History.
References
- ISBN 0-8426-1027-8
- ISBN 978-0-19-538502-1
- ISBN 978-81-208-0739-6
- Olivelle, Patrick (2006). Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE. Oxford University Press. p. 399. ISBN 9780199775071.
- Das, Kalyani (1980), Early Inscriptions of Mathurā
- ISBN 9788170173168
- ISBN 978-81-7017-208-6
External links
- Guy, John. “Jain Sculpture.” In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. online (January 2012)