Jamala
Jamala Сусана Алімівна Джамаладінова | |
|---|---|
 Jamala at the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Susana Alimivna Jamaladinova (Susana Alim qızı Camaladinova) |
| Born | 27 August 1983 Osh, Kirghiz SSR, Soviet Union (present day Kyrgyzstan) |
| Origin | Crimea |
| Genres |
|
| Occupation(s) | |
| Years active | 2001–present |
| Labels | |
| Website | jamala |
Susana Alimivna Jamaladinova[a][1][2] (born 27 August 1983), known professionally as Jamala,[b] is a Ukrainian singer. She represented Ukraine and won the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 with her song "1944". In 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023 and 2024 she served as a judge at Vidbir, the Ukrainian national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest. In November 2023, Russia added Jamala to its wanted list.[3]
Early life
Susana Dzhamaladinova was born in Osh, Kirghiz SSR, to a Muslim Crimean Tatar father and an Armenian mother.[4][5][6][7][8][9] Her Crimean Tatar ancestors were forcibly resettled from Crimea to the central Asian republic under Joseph Stalin during World War II, although her own relatives fought on the Soviet side.[10] In 1989 her family returned to Crimea.[citation needed] Her maternal ancestors are Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh region.[11] They were well-to-do peasants until her great-grandfather's land was confiscated and he was exiled to Osh where he changed his Armenian name to make it sound more Russian.[citation needed]
She grew up in a family of musicians — her mother worked as a teacher at a music school, and her father was a conductor by education.[12]
Her parents divorced for about four years so that her mother could purchase a house in Crimea for the family under her maiden name. During this period, Soviet authorities did not allow ethnic Crimean Tatars, like her father, to purchase property in Crimea.[citation needed]
Career
2010–2015: Early work
Jamala has been fond of music since her early childhood. She made her first professional recording at the age of nine, singing 12 folk and children's
On 14 February 2010, she released her first single "You Are Made of Love" from her debut studio album For Every Heart. She released "It's Me, Jamala" as the second single on 18 October 2010. On 23 November 2010, she released "Smile" as the third single from the album. Early in 2011, she participated on the national selection show in an attempt to represent Ukraine at the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "Smile".[14] The song was a crowd favorite and Jamala herself managed to land a spot in the finals of the competition.[14] However, she later decided to withdraw from the competition.[15] On 12 April 2011, she released her debut studio album For Every Heart through Moon Records Ukraine. On 8 November 2012, she released "Ya Lyublyu Tebya" (Russian: «Я Люблю́ Тебя́», English: "I Love You") as the lead single from her second studio album All or Nothing.
She released "Hurt" as the second single, and "Kaktus" (
2016–present: Eurovision Song Contest and subsequent projects
Jamala successfully represented
After her Eurovision Song Contest victory, she was awarded the title People's Artist of Ukraine by then-Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko.[23] She has then continued to release new music, including "I Believe in U", which she performed at the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 as an interval act, along with "Zamanyly".
On 17 May 2016, Poroshenko announced that the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry would be nominating Jamala as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.[24]
On 12 October 2018, Jamala released her fifth studio album, Kryla. The title track was released as the first single on 21 March 2018. She had previously performed the track as the interval act for the 2018 Ukrainian national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest, Vidbir.
In 2022, she appeared in
Jamala performed "1944" during the flag parade in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest 2023, alongside fellow past Ukrainian entrants Go_A, Tina Karol, and Verka Serduchka.[26]
Personal life
On 26 April 2017, Jamala married Bekir Suleimanov.
In November 2017, Jamala announced that she and Suleimanov were expecting their first child together.[30] On 27 March 2018 their son Emir-Rahman Seit-Bekir ogly Suleimanov was born.[31]
Jamala is fluent in Ukrainian, Crimean Tatar, Russian and English.
In February 2022, amidst the Russian invasion of Ukraine, she and her two children left Ukraine and initially took refuge in Romania, before eventually landing in Turkey.[32][33]
After February 24, 2022, the celebrity participated in the GIDNA project from Future for Ukraine Charity Foundation.
Discography
Studio albums
| Title | Details |
|---|---|
| For Every Heart |
|
| All or Nothing |
|
| Подих (Podykh) |
|
1944
|
|
| Крила (Kryla) |
|
| Ми (My) |
|
| Qırım (Crimea) |
|
Live albums
| Title | Details |
|---|---|
| For every heart. Live at Arena Concert Plaza |
|
Compilation albums
| Title | Details |
|---|---|
| 10 |
|
| Свої (Svoi) |
|
Remix albums
| Title | Details |
|---|---|
| Solo |
|
Extended plays
| Title | Details |
|---|---|
| Thank You |
|
| 1944 |
|
| 5:45 |
|
Singles
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UKR
[37] |
AUT [38] |
BEL (Fl) [39] |
FIN
[40] |
FRA
[41] |
HUN [42] |
POL [43] |
SPA [44] |
SWE [45] |
SWI [46] |
UK [47] | |||||||
| "You're Made of Love" | 2010 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | For Every Heart | ||||
| "It's me, Jamala" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "Smile" | 71 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "Я люблю тебя" ("I love you") | 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | All or Nothing | ||||
| "Hurt" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "Кактус" ("Cactus") | 2013 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||
| "Заплуталась" ("Confused") | 2014 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Thank you | ||||
| "Злива" ("Shower") (with Andrii Khlyvniuk) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10 | |||||
| "Чому?" ("Why?") | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album singles | |||||
| "Очима" ("With my eyes") | 2015 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Podykh | ||||
| "Шлях додому" ("Way to home") | 93 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "Подих" ("Breath") | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "1944" | 2016 | 7 | 54 | 63 | 64 | 49 | 40 | 25 | 32 | 46 | 73 | 289 | 1944
| ||||
| "Заманили" ("Lured") (with DakhaBrakha) |
44 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10 | |||||
| "I Believe in U" | 2017 | 19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Kryla | ||||
| "Сумую" ("I miss") | 82 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "Крила" ("Wings") | 2018 | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||
| "Самға" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album singles | |||||
| "Solo" | 2019 | 89 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 10 | ||||
| "Крок" ("Step") (with Cape Cod) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Svoi | |||||
| "Кохаю" ("I love") (with Jah Khalib) |
61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "Ціна правди" ("The price of truth") | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album singles | |||||
| "Забирай" (with alyona alyona )
|
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Svoi | |||||
| "Жалі" (with alyona alyona )
|
2020 | 27 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||
| "Эндорфины" ("Endorphins") (with Pianoboy) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||||
| "Вдячна" ("Grateful") | 2021 | 12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | My | ||||
| "Моя земля" ("My land") (with Tayanna) |
71 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||||
| “Потайки” ("Secretly") | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||||
| “Новий рік з тобою“ ("New Year with you") | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||||
| “Хай буде так, як хочеш ти” ("Let it be as you wish") | 2022 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | OST “Rocky Road to Berlin“ | ||||
| “Thank you, Stranger“ | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||||
| “Коли закінчаться війни“ ("When the wars will end") | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||||
| “The Great Pretender” | 2023 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Spotify Singles | ||||
| “Frozen“ | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| “Верше, мій верше“ ("Vershe, miy vershe") | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | |||||
| “Мій брате“ ("My brother") | 2024 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Non-album single | ||||
| "—" denotes a single that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | |||||||||||||||||
Filmography
| Year | Song | Director | Cinematographer |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | History Repeating | Alan Badoev | Yaroslav Pilunskyi |
| 2010 | You're Made of Love + (in Russian) | Kateryna Tsaryk | Yuriy Korol |
| It's Me, Jamala + (in Ukrainian) | Charley Stadler | Fraser Taggart | |
| 2011 | Smile | Maksym Ksionda | Serhiy Mykhalchuk |
| Find me | John X Carey | ||
| 2012 | Я люблю тебя (in Russian) | Serhiy Sarakhanov | Yevheniya Drach, Mykola Bulavskyi |
| 2013 | Кактус (in Russian) | Denys Zakharov | Denys Zakharov |
| All These Simple Things | Oleksandr Milov | — | |
| Depends On You + (in Russian) | Viktor Vilks | Yaroslav Pilunskyi | |
| 2014 | Чому? (in Ukrainian) | Denys Zakharov, Oles Sanin | Serhiy Mykhalchuk |
| 2015 | Заплуталась (in Ukrainian) | Anatoliy Sachivko | Mykyta Kuzmenko |
| Иные (in Russian) | Mikhail Emelianov | Viktor Fedoseev | |
| 2016 | Шлях додому (in Ukrainian) | Anna Kopylova | Denys Lushchyk |
| 1944 | Anatoliy Sachivko | Mykyta Kuzmenko | |
| Обещание (in Russian) | Denys Zakharov, Olena Demianenko | Oleksiy Moskalenko | |
| 2017 | I Believe in U | Ihor Stekolenko | Denys Lushchyk |
| Сумую (in Ukrainian) | |||
| 2018 | Ти любов моя (in Ukrainian) | Oleh Malamuzh | Teodor Neshchadym |
| Крила (in Ukrainian + in Kazakh) | Anna Kopylova | Anton Fursa | |
| The Great Pretender | Anna Buriachkova | Svitlana Aparina | |
| 2019 | Solo | ||
| Ціна правди (in Ukrainian) | Kateryna Tsaryk, Agnieszka Holland | Yuriy Korol | |
| Забирай (in Ukrainian) | Anton Shtuka | Ivan Fomichenko | |
| 2020 | Жалі (in Ukrainian) | Dmytro Cherniavskyi | Anton Fursa |
| Эндорфины (in Russian) | Maksym Kotskyi | Dmytro Cherniavskyi | |
| 2021 | Вірю в тебе (in Ukrainian) | Anna Kopylova | Anton Fursa |
| Моя земля (in Ukrainian) | Nazar Dorosh | Nazar Dorosh | |
| Потайки (in Ukrainian) | Oleksandr Guzhelya | Ilya Sostanovskyi | |
| Новий рік з тобою (in Ukrainian) | Tima Darmenov | Vlad Penkov |
| Year | Title | Role | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | The Guide | Olha Levytska | [48] |
| 2017 | Jamala.UA | Herself | [49] |
| 2020 | Eurovision Song Contest: The Story of Fire Saga | Herself | [50] |
| Year | Title | Role | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | Like Cossacks... | Singer in a bar | [51] |
| 2010 | Anatomy of a Voice. Jamala | Herself | [52] |
| The True Story Of Scarlet Sails | Cuban singer | [53] | |
| 2013 | Kvitka. A voice in a single copy | Herself | [54] |
| Trading Lives | Host | [55] | |
| 2014 | Alice's Adventures in Wonderland | Caterpillar | [56] |
| 2016 | My truth | Herself | [57] |
| Look at yourself! | Herself | [58] | |
| 2017 | Jamalas kamp | Herself | [59] |
| 2018 | Crimea: Russia’s Dark Secret | Herself | [60] |
Notes
- ^ Crimean Tatar: Susana Alim qızı Camaladinova; Ukrainian: Суса́на Алі́мівна Джамаладі́нова, romanized: Susána Alímivna Dzhamaladínova, IPA: [sʊˈsɑnɐ ɐˈl⁽ʲ⁾im⁽ʲ⁾iu̯nɐ dʒɐmɐlɐˈd⁽ʲ⁾inowɐ]; Russian: Суса́на Али́мовна Джамалади́нова, tr. Susána Alímovna Dzhamaladínova, IPA: [sʊˈsanə ɐˈlʲiməvnə dʐəməlɐˈdʲinəvə].
- ^ Crimean Tatar: Camala, also spelt Джамала in Cyrillic; Ukrainian: Джама́ла, IPA: [dʒɐˈmɑlɐ]; Russian: Джама́ла, IPA: [dʐɐˈmalə].
References
- ^ Viktoria Veselova (9 February 2016). "Crimean Tatar Singer Hopes To Take People's Tragedy To Eurovision". rferl.org. Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on 27 November 2016.
- ^ Alisa Antonenko (18 August 2016). "Jamala performs in Turkey". day.kyiv.ua. The Day. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021.
- ^ "Jamala: Ukrainian Eurovision winner added to Russia's wanted list". BBC News. 20 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "Welcome to Ukraine". www.wumag.kiev.ua. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ "Ukraine's Crimean Tatar singer Jamala promises to embarrass Putin and bring Stalin's crimes to Eurovision Song Contest". bunews.com.ua. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ "Журнал: день с певицей Джамалой". Vogue UA. 17 December 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ Ruban, Mariya. "Джамала: "Хочу пишне кримсько-татарське весілля"". Cегодня.UA. 10 February 2015. Retrieved 20 April 2015. (in Ukrainian)
- ^ "Джамала: Моя мама христианка-армянка, папа крымский татарин-мусульманин Archived 24 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine". UA-Report. 25 February 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2015. (in Russian)
- ^ "http://thenordar.com/jamala-interview-public-talk/ Интервью с Джамалой на Public Talk". Арт-журнал Thenordar. 27 August 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2015. (in Russian)
- ^ Colin Freeman (14 May 2016). "'They kill you all': why Ukrainian Eurovision winner, Jamala, angered Russia with her 1944 song". The Telegraph. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ (in Russian) Сусанна Джамаладинова (Джамала): История моих армянских корней начинается с Карабаха | Центр поддержки русско-армянских стратегических и общественных инициатив. Russia-armenia.info (15 May 2016). Retrieved on 2017-12-21.
- ISSN 1999-2793.
- ^ a b Veselova, Viktoria; Melnykova, Oleksandra (11 February 2016). "Crimean singer in line to represent Ukraine at Eurovision". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
- ^ a b "Ukraine: a new final!". Eurovision.tv. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ Hondal, Victor (1 March 2011). "Ukraine: Jamala withdraws from national final". EscToday.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
- ^ Veselova, Viktoria; Melnykova, Oleksandra (11 February 2016). "Crimean singer in line to represent Ukraine at Eurovision". the Guardian. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ "Jamala entered Eurovision-2016 national selection". QHA.com.ua. 26 January 2016. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ^ Eurovision: Ukraine's entry aimed at Russia, BBC News (22 February 2016)
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 2016 Second Semi-Final". Eurovision Song Contest. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ "Ukraine's Jamala wins Eurovision 2016". BBC News. 15 May 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ Telegraph Reporters (15 May 2016). "Eurovision 2016: Furious Russia demands boycott of Ukraine over Jamala's 'anti-Kremlin' song". The Telegraph. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ Heidi Stephens (15 May 2016). "Eurovision 2016: Ukraine's Jamala wins with politically charged 1944". the Guardian. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ Granger, Anthony (16 May 2016). "Ukraine: Jamala Awarded Title "People's Artist of Ukraine"". Eurovoix.
- ^ "Ukraine's Foreign Ministry to nominate Jamala for UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador". Vector.news. 16 May 2016.
- ^ "Ukraińska piosenkarka Jamala w show "Taniec z Gwiazdami"". www.polsat.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 24 September 2022.
- The Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
- ^ a b c d Jamala married Seit-Bekir Suleymanov Archived 22 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine, QHA (26 April 2017)
- ^ Джамала вийшла заміж (ФОТО) – Львівська газета Archived 15 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Gazeta.lviv.ua (26 April 2017). Retrieved on 2017-12-21.
- ^ "Eurovision winning entry: 1944, a harrowing family tale about Stalin's deportation of Muslim Tatars". The National. 15 May 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
- ^ Knoops, Roy (30 November 2017). "Ukraine: Jamala is expecting her first baby". ESCToday.
- UNIAN(29 March 2018)
- ^ (No last name), James. "Jamala, winner of Eurovision 2016, took refuge in Romania. She crossed the border with her two young children, while her husband returned to Kyiv". 24/7 News Bulletin. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Eurovision birincisi Jamala Türkiye'ye sığındı". www.sozcu.com.tr (in Turkish). March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
- ^ "Джамала выпустила дебютный альбом". focus.ua. Focus. 24 March 2011. Archived from the original on 12 February 2020.
- ^ Мила Кравчук (19 April 2012). "Джамала выпускает концертный альбом". music.com.ua. Archived from the original on 23 April 2012.
- ^ "Jamala releases Special EP "1944"". jamalamusic.com. 10 May 2016. Archived from the original on 13 November 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
- ^ Ukraine Radio Hits:
- For "Smile": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 7 February 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.
- For "1944": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 29 August 2016. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.
- For "Заманили": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 6 February 2017. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.
- For "I believe in U": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 19 June 2017. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.
- For "Сумую": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 16 October 2017. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.
- For "Крила": "Крила". tophit.ua. 26 November 2018. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.
- For "Solo": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 6 May 2019. Archived from the original on 28 January 2020.
- For "Кохаю": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 16 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 January 2020.
- For "Жалі": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 13 March 2020. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.
- For "Вдячна": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 4 March 2022.
- For "Шлях додому": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 4 March 2022.
- For "Моя земля": "Ukraine Radio Hits". tophit.ua. 11 March 2022.
- ^ "Austria Top 40 — Singles". austriancharts.at. Ö3 Austria Top 40. 27 May 2016. Archived from the original on 9 June 2016.
- ^ "Ultratip Bubbling Under". ultratop.be. Ultratop. 4 June 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020.
- Suomen virallinen lista. 20 May 2016. Archived from the originalon 13 March 2018.
- SNEP. 13 May 2016. Archived from the originalon 20 May 2016.
- ^ "Single Top 40 lista (#713)". slagerlistak.hu. Mahasz. 16 May 2016. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018.
- ^ "The Polish National Top 50". euro200.net. 12 June 2016. Archived from the original on 16 June 2016.
- ^ "Physical/Digital Single Top 50". spanishcharts.com. Promusicae. 22 May 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020.
- ^ "Singles Top 60". swedishcharts.com. Sverigetopplistan. 20 May 2016. Archived from the original on 27 August 2016.
- ^ "Singles Top 75". hitparade.ch. Swiss Hitparade. 22 May 2016. Archived from the original on 21 August 2016.
- ^ Music Week's Charts:
- For "1944": Alan Jones (26 May 2016). "Sales Chart". buzzjack.com. Music Week. Archived from the original on 26 May 2016.
- For "Solo": "Upfront Club". power.co.uk. Music Week. 8 April 2019. Archived from the original on 3 May 2020.
- ^ Neil Young (8 August 2014). "'The Guide' ('Povodyr'): Odessa Review". hollywoodreporter.com. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 11 September 2014.
- ^ "Movie Jamala.UA comes out nationwide". qha.com.ua. Crimean News Agency. 8 April 2017. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
- UA:PBC. Archivedfrom the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
- ^ "Зеленський відростив вуса, а Кошовий - чуб". tabloid.pravda.com.ua. Tablo ID. 24 September 2009. Archived from the original on 27 September 2009.
- ^ "Побачити голос. Джамала "під мікроскопом"". inter.ua. Inter (TV channel). 17 February 2010. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020.
- ^ Iryna Ravchuk (28 February 2011). "It's me, Jamala". issuu.com. D'ÉPATE. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020.
- ^ "До 60-ї річниці від дня народження Квітки Цісик "Інтер" покаже власний документальний фільм про відому співачку". inter.ua. Inter (TV channel). 27 March 2013. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020.
- IOM Ukraine. 20 November 2013. Archived from the originalon 19 March 2014.
- ^ "Musical Film "Alice in Wonderland"". kievpostproduction.com. Kiev Postproduction. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016.
- ^ "Моя правда. Джамала". stb.ua. STB (TV channel). 7 May 2016. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020.
- Hromadske.TV. Archived from the originalon 7 August 2016.
- ^ "Swedish journalist shot film about Jamala and reprisals in Crimea". qha.com.ua. Crimean News Agency. 7 July 2017. Archived from the original on 26 September 2020.
- ^ "Crimea: Russia's Dark Secret". aljazeera.com. Al Jazeera. 22 December 2018. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020.
External links
- Official website (in Ukrainian and Russian)
- Jamala's channel on YouTube
