Jambi
Jambi | |
---|---|
Province of Jambi | |
Jambi Malay )
(One Jambi indigenous territory, formed by nine river settlements) | |
Int$ 15,991 (PPP) | |
- Growth[6] | 5.13% |
HDI | 0.728 (19th) – high |
Website | jambiprov |
Jambi is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the east coast of central Sumatra and stretches to the Barisan Mountains in the west. Its capital and largest city is also called Jambi. It is bordered by the provinces of Riau to the north, West Sumatra to the west, Bengkulu to the southwest, South Sumatra to the south, and shares a maritime border with the Riau Islands to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the east. The province has a land area of 49,026.58 km2, and a sea area of 3,274.95 km2. Its area is comparable to the European country of Slovakia. It had a population of 3,092,265 according to the 2010 census[7] and 3,548,228 according to the 2020 census;[2] the official estimate of population as of mid-2023 was 3,679,169 (comprising 1,872,177 males and 1,806,992 females).[1]
History
Jambi was the site of the
In the early decades of the Dutch presence in the region, when the Dutch were one of several traders competing with the British, Chinese, Arabs, and Malays, the Jambi Sultanate profited from trade in pepper with the Dutch. This relationship declined by about 1770, and the sultanate had little contact with the Dutch for about sixty years.[citation needed]
In 1833, minor conflicts with the Dutch East Indies who were well established in Palembang, meant the Dutch increasingly felt the need to control the actions of Jambi. They coerced Sultan Facharudin to agree to greater Dutch presence in the region and control over trade, although the sultanate remained nominally independent. In 1858 the Dutch, concerned over the risk of competition for control from other foreign powers, invaded Jambi with a force from their capital Batavia. They met little resistance, and Sultan Taha fled upriver, to the inland regions of Jambi. The Dutch installed a puppet ruler, Nazarudin, in the lower region, which included the capital city. For the next forty years Taha maintained the upriver kingdom, and slowly reextended his influence over the lower regions through political agreements and marriage connections. In 1904, however, the Dutch were stronger and, as a part of a larger campaign to consolidate control over the entire archipelago, managed to capture and kill Taha, and in 1906, the entire area was brought under direct colonial control.
Following the death of Jambi Sultan, Taha Saifuddin, on 27 April 1904 and the success of the Dutch controlled areas of the Sultanate of Jambi, Jambi then was set up as a Residency and entry into the territory Netherlands Indies. Jambi's first Resident OL Helfrich was appointed by the governor general under Dutch Decree No. 20, dated 4 May 1906, with his inauguration held on 2 July 1906.
In 1945, Sumatra comprised a single province, but in 1948 this was divided into three provinces, including the province of Central Sumatra (which included present-day Jambi Province). In 1957 this short-lived province was itself divided, and Jambi was created as an independent Province.
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1971 | 1,006,084 | — |
1980 | 1,445,994 | +43.7% |
1990 | 2,020,568 | +39.7% |
1995 | 2,369,959 | +17.3% |
2000 | 2,407,166 | +1.6% |
2005 | 2,635,968 | +9.5% |
2010 | 3,092,265 | +17.3% |
2015 | 3,397,164 | +9.9% |
2020 | 3,548,228 | +4.4% |
2023 | 3,679,169 | +3.7% |
Source: Badan Pusat Statistik[1] 2024 and previous |
Administrative divisions
When Jambi Province was created in 1957, it comprised three regencies - Kerinci (renamed from South Pesisir Regency on 19 March 1956),
Thus Jambi province is now divided into nine
Kode Wilayah |
Name of City or Regency |
Area in km2 |
Pop'n census 2010 |
Pop'n census 2020 |
Pop'n estimate mid 2024 |
Capital | HDI[9] 2018 Estimates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
15.01 | Kerinci Regency | 3,445.20 | 229,495 | 250,259 | 255,120 | Siulak | 0.705 (High) |
15.02 | Merangin Regency | 7,540.12 | 333,206 | 354,052 | 368,390 | Bangko | 0.688 (Medium) |
15.03 | Sarolangun Regency | 5,935.89 | 246,245 | 290,047 | 302,240 | Sarolangun | 0.694 (Medium) |
15.04 | Batanghari Regency |
5,387.52 | 241,334 | 301,700 | 312,730 | Muara Bulian |
0.693 (Medium) |
15.05 | Muaro Jambi Regency | 5,225.80 | 342,952 | 402,017 | 418,800 | Sengeti | 0.683 (Medium) |
15.06 | West Tanjung Jabung Regency (Tanjung Jabung Barat) |
5,546.06 | 278,741 | 317,498 | 330,470 | Kuala Tungkal | 0.671 (Medium) |
15.07 | East Tanjung Jabung Regency (Tanjung Jabung Timur) |
4,546.62 | 205,272 | 229,813 | 236,730 | Muara Sabak | 0.633 (Medium) |
15.08 | Bungo Regency | 4,760.83 | 303,135 | 362,363 | 376,380 | Muara Bungo | 0.694 (Medium) |
15.09 | Tebo Regency | 6,103.74 | 297,735 | 337,669 | 350,760 | Muara Tebo | 0.686 (Medium) |
15.71 | Jambi City |
169.89 | 531,857 | 606,200 | 627,770 | - | 0.774 (High) |
15.72 | Sungai Penuh City | 364.92 | 82,293 | 96,610 | 99,770 | - | 0.746 (High) |
Total province | 49,026.58 | 3,092,265 | 3,548,228 | 3,679,169 | Jambi | 0.705 (High) |
World Heritage Sites
The largest of the three national parks comprising the
May 2011: The Jambi provincial administration is striving to have the ancient Muaro Jambi temple site at Muaro Jambi village in Maro Sebo District, Muaro Jambi Regency, recognized as a World Heritage Site.
The site was a
Demographics
Due to transmigration policy, many ethnic groups from various parts of Indonesia, especially Java, Borneo, Sulawesi and other parts of Sumatra brought their native languages as well. The non-Pribumi people such as the
Ethnically, the population comprises:
- 38% Malay
- 20% Javanese
- 10.2% Chinese
- 10% Kerinci
- 5.2% Minangkabau
- 3.4% Batak
- 3.3% Banjarese
- 3.1% Buginese
- 2.6% Sundanese, and
- 4.4% other[2]
As of 2022[update], Islam is the largest religion in Jambi, being practised by 96.09% of the population. Minority religions are Christianity with 3,9%, Buddhism 0.92%, Confucianism 0.02% and Hinduism 0.01% of the population.[11]
See also
- Putri Tangguk, a Malay traditional folklore originated from Jambi
References
- ^ a b c d Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Provinsi Jambi Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.15)
- ^ a b c d Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
- ^ "ArcGIS Web Application".
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik (2023). "Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Milyar Rupiah), 2022" (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik (2023). "Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Per Kapita (Ribu Rupiah), 2022" (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
- Badan Pembangunan Nasional (2023). "Capaian Indikator Utama Pembangunan"(in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pembangunan Nasional.
- ^ a b Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
- ISBN 9789971695583.
- ^ All Stats search jambi.bps.go.id
- ^ "Waspada Online – Pusat Berita dan Informasi Medan Sumut Aceh". waspada.co.id. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
- ^ "Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama" (in Indonesian). Ministry of Religious Affairs. 31 August 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
Bibliography
- Locher-Scholten, Elsbeth. 1993. Rivals and rituals in Jambi, South Sumatra. Modern Asian Studies 27(3):573-591.
External links
- (in Indonesian) Official government site
- (in Indonesian) Fan site