Jambu fruit dove
| Jambu fruit dove | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Columbiformes |
| Family: | Columbidae |
| Genus: | Ptilinopus |
| Species: | P. jambu
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| Binomial name | |
| Ptilinopus jambu (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
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The jambu fruit dove (Ptilinopus jambu) is a smallish colourful fruit dove. It is a resident breeding species in southern Thailand, Malaysia, Brunei and the Indonesian islands of Kalimantan, Sumatra and Java.
Taxonomy
The jambu fruit dove was
The jambu fruit dove is now placed with nearly 60 other fruit doves in the genus
Description
The jambu fruit dove is 23–27 cm (9.1–10.6 in) long and weighs about 42 g (1.5 oz). It is a plump small-headed bird with soft feathers and very distinctive colouring including a white eye ring, orange bill and red legs in both male and female birds.[7]
The adult male has a crimson face with a black chin, unmarked dark green upperparts and ivory white underparts, with a pink patch on the breast and a chocolate brown undertail. The female differs from the male by having a dull purple face with a dark chin. The underparts are dull green with a white belly and cinnamon or buff undertail.[7]
The immature jambu fruit dove resembles the female but has a green face. The young male acquires its full adult plumage in about 39 weeks from fledging. Immature males are similar in appearance to females. The call is a soft, low coo.
Distribution and habitat
The jambu fruit dove is found on the Malay Peninsula through Sumatra (including Riau Archipelago) and the islands of Nias, Bangka and Belitung) to Borneo and perhaps in west Java. It inhabits mangrove swamps and lowland rain forests up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and is also found in secondary woodland.[8]
Behaviour and ecology
The jambu fruit dove is a shy and inconspicuous bird, camouflaged against the forest canopy by its green plumage. It is usually seen alone or in pairs, but a sizable flock may gather when feeding at a fruit tree. It eats fruit directly from the tree, or from the ground if items have been dropped by hornbills or monkeys. Like other doves, but unlike most birds, it can drink by sucking.
Breeding
The male holds a breeding territory, advertised by raising its wings, bobbing its body and cooing. It will defend its territory with a quick peck if the territorial display fails. The female builds a flimsy nest of twigs, roots and grasses, which are collected by her mate, in a tree and lays one or sometimes two white eggs which are incubated for about 20 days to hatching, with a further 12 or more days to fledging.
Conservation status
Extensive deforestation in Indonesia and Malaysia means that this dove is now threatened, although its ability to live in second growth and at higher elevation means that its situation is not as critical as that of some forest bird species. The jambu fruit dove is evaluated as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1]
References
- ^ a b BirdLife International (2012). "Ptilinopus jambu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ^ Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1789). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 784.
- ^ Marsden, William (1783). The History of Sumatra. London: W. Marsden. p. 98.
- ^ Swainson, William John (1825). "On the characters and natural affinities of several new birds from Australasia; including some observations on the Columbidae". Zoological Journal. 1: 463–484 [473–474].
- ^ Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2022). "Pigeons". IOC World Bird List Version 12.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
- ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources Malaysia, Malaysia Biodiversity Centre & Forest Research Institute Malaysia. 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
- ISBN 978-84-87334-22-1.
- King, Ben F.; Woodcock, Martin W.; Dickinson, Edward C. (1975). Birds of South-East Asia. Collins. ISBN 0-00-219206-3.
External links
- BirdLife species factsheet for Ptilinopus jambu
- Jambu fruit dove at Blue Planet Biomes
- "Pitangus sulphuratus". Avibase.
- "Jambu fruit-dove media". Internet Bird Collection.
- Jambu fruit-dove photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Interactive range map of Ptilinopus jambu at IUCN Red List maps
- Audio recordings of Jambu fruit dove on Xeno-canto.
