James C. Lucas

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James C. Lucas
Deceased
Spouse(s)Cheryl Lucas, Libby Smith
Children10
Conviction(s)First degree murder of a federal employee (18 U.S.C. §§ 253 and 452)
Bank robbery (12 U.S.C. § 588b)
Criminal penaltyLife imprisonment

James Crittenton Lucas (June 11, 1912 – November 28, 1998) was an American

Alcatraz. He is best known for being part of an attempted escape from Alcatraz Penitentiary in 1938, and for attacking Al Capone
in the prison's laundry room on June 23, 1936.

Biography

Lucas was originally sentenced to thirty years' imprisonment for robbing First National Bank in Albany, Texas,

Texas State Prison[2] and was known there as James "Texas Bank Robber" Lucas.[citation needed
]

Attack on Capone

On June 23, 1936, Lucas stabbed Al Capone in the back with a pair of scissors from the prison barber shop. Capone had been working in the laundry area 10 feet (3 m) away.[3] Lucas was sent to solitary confinement for his attack on Capone.[4] After being stabbed, Capone turned and grabbed Lucas and threw him into the wall. The inmates were angry with Capone for not taking part in an inmate strike.[citation needed]

Alcatraz escape attempt

In the spring of 1938, James Lucas, Thomas R. Limerick and Rufus Franklin planned an escape from Alcatraz. Their escape plan began by incapacitating an unarmed guard supervising a work detail on the top floor. Once the supervisor was rendered unconscious, the convicts would escape through a window to the rooftop, where they would incapacitate an armed guard and leave the island via a seized police boat. They enacted their escape plan on May 23, 1938, in the prison's mat shop, where they assaulted Custodial Officer Royal Cline with hammer blows to his head. They proceeded to the roof, where armed guard Harold Stites (who was later killed in the 1946 Battle of Alcatraz) shot both Franklin and Limerick, although Lucas wasn't shot. Other guards arrived at the scene. Franklin, Limerick, and Lucas were cornered and surrendered to the guards.[5]

Cline died of his injuries the next day, and Thomas Limerick, the other wounded convict, also died.[6] Lucas and the other surviving convict, Rufus Franklin, were tried for murder[7][8][9] and sentenced to life imprisonment, after the jury spared them from execution.[10][11][12] Lucas spent six years in isolation for the incident. He was transferred a few years later, and paroled in 1958. After having a brief stay in prison at McNeil Island for parole violation, he was given a presidential commutation of sentence by Richard Nixon in 1970[13] and released. He later worked in the oil business and died on November 28, 1998.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ "CAPONE IS STABBED BY ALCATRAZ FELON; Fellow Convict Plunges Scissors Into Ex-Gangster in Prison Barber Shop". New York Times. 1936-06-24. p. 48.
  2. ^ "Alcatraz Felon Killed, One Shot, Third Seized As Guards Foil Escape". San Francisco Chronicle. 1938-05-24. pp. 1, 5.
  3. ^ "Names make news". TIME. 1936-07-06. Archived from the original on February 20, 2008. Retrieved 2007-12-05. Catching Capone at work in the prison laundry, Lucas plunged a pair of scissors into his back.
  4. ^ "Crime: Capone Prison Pet Provoked". Washington Post. 1936-06-28. p. B4. ProQuest Historical Newspapers document 240338792.
  5. ^ "Three Convicts Fail in Break at Alcatraz; Slug Guard; Two Are Shot, Third Cornered". New York Times. 1938-05-24. p. 1. Retrieved 2007-12-05.
  6. ^ "Hammer Blow Kills Alcatraz Aide in Break: 2 Surviving Felons to Face Murder Charge; Third Slain in Flight". Washington Post. 1938-05-25. p. X1. ProQuest Historical Newspapers document 240807832.
  7. ^ "Alcatraz Prisoners Hear Shooting Related by Guard". Los Angeles Times. 1938-11-05.
  8. ^ "Court Calls for Bullets that Halted Convict Flight". Los Angeles Times. 1938-11-09.
  9. ^ "Alcatraz Convicts Deny Killing Guard In Escape Attempt". Washington Post. 1938-11-23.
  10. ^ "Alcatraz Trial SFE Nov. 27, 1938 Page3". The San Francisco Examiner. 1938-11-27. p. 3. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  11. ^ "Killers of Alcatraz Guard Escape Execution; Jury Limits Penalty of Felons to Life Terms". New York Times. 1938-11-27. p. 1.
  12. ^ "Alcatraz Pair Get Life". Los Angeles Times. 1938-11-27.
  13. ^ "COMMUTATIONS GRANTED BY PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON (1969-1974)". www.justice.gov. 2017-07-05. Retrieved 2022-01-30.
  14. ^ "The Man Who Tried to Kill Al Capone". National Park Service. August 30, 2019. Archived from the original on August 9, 2023. Retrieved August 8, 2023.

External links

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