Notified Area Council[10] and Municipal Corporation and also the headquarter of the East Singhbhum district. It is a popular tourist destination known for its forests, ancient temples and royal palaces. It was ranked as the cleanest city of India in the year 2019.[11]
It was founded by Jamsetji Tata, founder of the Tata Group, and was named after him.[12] It was established in 1919.
Jamshedpur was ranked as the cleanest city of India in 2020 by
Naya Raipur
.
Etymology
In 1919
Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata. Tata had written to his son Dorabji Tata about his vision of a great city in the area. On Founders Day (3 March), the 225-acre (0.91 km2) Jubilee Park[18] is decorated with brilliant lightwork for about a week.[19]
History
The prospectors C. M. Weld,
Chota Nagpur plateau, near the confluence of the Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers. It seemed to be the ideal choice and the place was selected.[20]
In 1908, the construction of the plant as well as the city officially began.[20] The first steel ingot was rolled on 16 February 1912. It was a momentous day in the history of industrial India.[21]
Jamsetji Tata's plan for the city was clear. He envisioned far more than a mere row of workers' hutments. He insisted upon building all the comforts and conveniences a city could provide. As a result, many areas in the city are well planned and there are public leisure places such as the Jubilee Park. While building the city, Tata had said:
"Be sure to lay wide streets planted with shady trees, every other of a quick-growing variety. Be sure that there is plenty of space for lawns and gardens; reserve large areas for football, hockey and parks; earmark areas for Hindu temples, Muslim mosques and Christian churches."
Messrs Julin Kennedy Sahlin from Pittsburgh prepared the first layout of the town of Jamshedpur.[22] Jamshedpur is a million-plus city with three municipal corporations, Jamshedpur Notified area committee, Jugsalai Municipal corporation and Mango Notified area committee.[23]
In 1945, Tata Motors was set up here. It is now the second largest industry in Jamshedpur. A municipal corporation was proposed in 2005 but after protests from the residents this did not happen.[24][25][26]
Geography
3km 2miles
Sadar Hospital Khasmahal
F
Haludbani
N
Parsudih
N
Tata Tinplate works
W
Golmuri
N
Birsanagar
N
Adityapur
MV
Mango
M
Kharkhai River
Subarnarekha River
Tata Main Hospital
F
Civil Courts
F
JRD Tata Sports Complex
F
Tata Steel Zoological Park
F
Sonari Airport
F
Jubilee Park
F
Tatanagar Junction railway station
F
XLRI
C
National Institute of Technology
C
National Metallurgical Laboratory
C
Adityapur Industrial Area
W
Tata Motors works
W
Tata Steel works
W
Jojobera
N
Kadma
N
Jugsalai
N
Bistupur
N
Sakchi
N
Jamshedpur M: municipal town, F: facility, N: neighbourhood, W: works, factory, C: educational/ research centre Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly Places marked on this map, which have a separate page, are linked in the larger full scale map. For map of Jamshedpur Urban Agglomeration see Mango or Adityapur page.
Jamshedpur is situated in the southern end of the state of Jharkhand and is bordered by the states of Odisha and West Bengal. The average elevation of the city is 135 metres[27] while the range is from 129 m to 151 m.[28] Total geographical area of Jamshedpur is 224 km square.[29] Jamshedpur is primarily located in a hilly region and is surrounded by the Dalma Hills running from west to east and covered with dense forests. The other smaller hill ranges near the city are Ukam Hill and the Jadugoda-musabani hill range.[30] The city is also a part of the larger Chota Nagpur Plateau region. The region is formed of the sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks belonging to the Dharwarian period.
Jamshedpur is located at the confluence of the Kharkai and Subarnarekha Rivers. Subarnarekha is the principal river of Jamshedpur, which flows from west to south-eastern part of the territory. Many small rivers, especially the tributaries, join the
Seismic Zone II region.[33] Jamshedpur has many parks around it. Jubilee Park
at Sakchi is the largest park in Jamshedpur. It was built by Jamshedji Tata, who was inspired by Vrindavanan Gardens of Mysore.
Bagbera Colony and Jojobera are the other main and major industrial areas of the city.[39] Apart from north, whole areas of Jamshedpur has at least one industrial area. Other tall towers are TCE Building and Voltas House. In Jamshedpur, many hi-rise buildings are under construction now. Now the tallest building will be City Center II, which will be built at Adityapur. These tall buildings are mostly on the Central and Western side of the city. Jamshedpur has 10 - 14 floors of buildings.[40]
According to the 2011 census of India, the city of Jamshedpur had a population of 629,659,[4] but the Jamshedpur Urban Agglomeration had a population of 1,337,131.[3] The city is designated as a Million Plus Urban Agglomeration as per Government terminology.[43] Males constitute 52.1% of the population and females 47.9%. Jamshedpur has an average literacy rate of 89.41% – higher than the national average of 74%. In Jamshedpur, 11.5% of the population is under six years of age.[44]
Maango, Sakchi, and Golmuri. Most Sikhs live in Golmuri and Sakchi.[49][50]Christians are mostly found in the central part of the city.[51] Tribals constitute around 28% of the population, and live in Birsanagar
, a very large area covering a major part of Jamshedpur.
Sai Baba Temple - one of the temples in Jamshedpur at Bistupur
Saint Joseph's Cathedral - a cathedral in Jamshedpur
Migration
Migration is a major reason behind Jamshedpur's increase in population and it being multicultural.[52] When Jamshedpur was established, many people from Bihar, especially Muslims, migrated to the city for employment and later settled down there.[53] In Jamshedpur many Muslims are from Bihari cities such as Bhagalpur, Darbhanga and Patna. Many Tamil and Kannadigas also settle in the city.[54] Many other cities such as Dhanbad, Ranchi and Bokaro, which are in Jharkhand, are also filled with many migrants for jobs.[55] While many other local people are also living in Jamshedpur, including Muslims, many Sikhs have also settled in the city. Many Punjabi Refugees are also present in the city at Punjabi Refugee Colony in Golmuri.[56]
The largest industry in Jamshedpur is that of Tata Steel. It is situated in the centre of the city and occupies approximately 1/5 of the entire city area.[58] It acts as a pivotal center for the industries of the city of Jamshedpur with a large number of them having direct or indirect linkages with it.[citation needed]Tata Motors is the second major industry.[citation needed] It is spread over an area of 822 acres (333 ha) in the eastern side of the city. It manufactures Medium and Heavy commercial vehicles and the main components.[59] The company also has its own township commonly known as Telco.[citation needed][60]
Nuvoco Vistas Corp. Ltd is a cement plant located in Jojobera, Jamshedpur.[61] It is Asia's largest Cement Grinding Unit.[62]
There is a varied and powerful industrial base in the Adityapur Industrial Area. Jamshedpur is regarded as the industrial capital of Jharkhand.[citation needed]
Important educational institutions in Jamshedpur are:
Institute of National Importance, established as a Regional Institute of Technology on 15 August 1960.[70][71] The National Metallurgical Laboratory (NML), one of the 38 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) laboratories, was inaugurated on 26 November 1950 by Jawaharlal Nehru.[72] Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute (SNTI), established in 1921 as the technical training department of Tata Steel, now develops skilled employees for other companies as well. Its 400,000 volume library is one of the most popular in the city.[73][74]
Many high-level institutions are located in Jamshedpur. Now there is further development to set up more universities and several other educational institutions.
Sports
Jamshedpur's private clubs provide opportunities for activities, such as golf, tennis, squash, billiards, horseriding and water scootering. Jamshedpur FC is a professional football club based in Jamshedpur which competes in the Indian Super League (ISL), the top flight of Indian Football. The club is owned by Tata Steel.[75]
Facilities and academies
Sporting facilities and academies include:
JRD Tata Sports Complex has an international standard multi-use stadium and an eight-lane mono-synthetic track. It is primarily used for football and athletics but facilities for various other sports including archery, basketball, field hockey, swimming, table tennis, tennis, volleyball, skating, yoga as well as a modern gymnasium, are available at the complex. The stadium is used by Jamshedpur FC as their home ground. it hosted the women football competition & archery event of the 34th National Games in 2011.[76]
Keenan Stadium hosted its 1st International One Day Cricket match on 7 December 1983 in which India lost to the touring West Indies Team. Many other International matches have been played here in which India has won only one match against South Africa in 1999–2000.
Tata Football Academy was started in 1987 to nurture budding Indian footballers and raise the standard of Indian football. TFA is a football club in Jamshedpur, sponsored by Tata Steel. Today, Tata Football Academy is one of the premier football breeding grounds in India.
Tata Archery Academy: archery is a sport indigenous to the tribal people of
Chhotanagpur and Santhal Pargana. Tata Steel has pursued and nurtured the local tribals and provided them with facilities and training to bring them up to international competition standards in archery. Its students have attributed a lot of fame to the institute by bringing in many medals in National and International competitions.[77]
Tata Steel Adventure Foundation – Bachendri Pal, the first Indian woman to climb Mount Everest, is the director of Tata Steel Adventure Foundation.[78]
Jamshedpur has two golf courses—the Beldih Golf Course and the Golmuri Golf Course. Both of these courses are at the heart of the city. The biggest is the Beldih Golf Course which is around 6,000 yards. The Golmuri Golf Course although smaller is also challenging. They together hold the annual Tata Open Golf Tournament which is an event held under the support of the Professional Golf Tour of India. The tournament was started in 2002. Jamshedpur also has the Jamshedpur Gliding Club and the Jamshedpur Co-operative Flying club.[79][80]
Media
Television
Jamshedpur has various local news broadcast and cable media channels including:
South Eastern Railway, is the major railhead of Jamshedpur. Other railway stations in the city include Adityapur, Gamharia, Kandra and Govindpur
.
Jamshedpur is connected to other parts of India through national and state highways. The major highways are:
National Highway 33 (NH-33) touches the city and connects it to Mumbai and further joins the NH32, which connects with Kolkata, Delhi NH-2, NH-33 and NH-6 connects it to Kharagpur, Kolkata.
Tata-Kandra Road connects Jamshedpur to Kandra via Gamahria.
Kadma
, Sonari through the western corridors of Jamshedpur
Jamshedpur has a bus station in
Maango
. This bus station have buses which go to other cities like Bokaro, Dhanbad, Ranchi etc. However, now there is a plan to update and rebuild and renovate this bus stand/station.
Sonari area of the city. The airport is primarily used for bringing in chartered planes of TATA group. In previous days there were flights from Jamshedpur to Kolkata.[83]
Dhalbhumgarh Airport is a proposed public airport located at Dhalbhumgarh, in the state of Jharkhand, India as a greenfield airport for Jamshedpur. It will be built on the site of an abandoned World War II airfield situated 60 km (37 mi) from Jamshedpur on NH-33. The old airfield was built around 1942, as an ancillary runway for other airfields in the vicinity that were being built around India's eastern frontier as part of the war effort.
It was one of the airfields used by Allied forces to repel the advancing Japanese troops and to maintain transport links with China. As the Japanese forces came to control shipping in the China Sea, seaborne supply routes to China were cut and the difficult 500 km (310 mi) route over the Himalayas was increasingly used. The airfield was abandoned after the war. The technical team of the Airports Authority of India (AAI) conducted a survey in 2017 and approved the Dhalbhumgarh site for a greenfield airport. The government plans to invest Rs 300 crore through AAI for the new airport which will have a three-kilometre (1.9 mi) runway. In January 2018, Union Minister of State for Civil Aviation Jayant Sinha announced that the Union Civil Aviation Ministry and the Jharkhand Government would sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for the construction of Dhalbhumgarh Airport.
Jamshedpur Coin Museum, museum has got 1200 rare and antique coins of varied mint & metals and also has the world's smallest coin dating back to 300–400 AD[88]
^Sarkar, Soma Basu (31 January 2007). "Bookworms' paradise". The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2010.